Pilníkov
| Pilníkov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Královéhradecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Trutnov | ||||
| Area : | 1698 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 32 ' N , 15 ° 49' E | ||||
| Height: | 358 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,269 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 542 42 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Trutnov - Nová Paka | ||||
| Railway connection: | Velký Osek – Trutnov | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | František Hubáček (as of 2006) | ||||
| Address: | Námĕstí 36 542 42 Pilníkov |
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| Municipality number: | 579599 | ||||
| Website : | www.pilníkov.cz | ||||
Pilníkov (German Pilnikau ) is a town in the Okres Trutnov in the Czech Republic.
Geographical location
The city is located in northeastern Bohemia in the southern foothills of the Giant Mountains , about 8 kilometers southwest of Trutnov ( Trautenau ). Neighboring towns are Vlčice and Mladé Buky in the north, Trutnov and Starý Rokytník in the northeast, Staré Buky in the east, Střítez, Hajnice and Žďár in the southeast, Vítězná in the south, Chotěvice in the southwest, Hostinné in the west and Čermná in the northwest. To the south lies the area of the former Kingdom Forest .
history
As part of the German colonization in the east, a forest hoof village was founded by the locator Billung , which was named after this "Billungsdorf". The place, which has been documented since 1357, was probably built, like numerous neighboring villages, as early as the second half of the 13th century in the course of the country's expansion by the Bohemian King Ottokar II Přemysl . The Czech name Pilníkov was first mentioned in 1388. In 1384 the local church had its own pastor.
Originally the place belonged to the royal castle Trautenau, in 1388 Jesko Silber (also Zylvar ) became landlord of the place. With him began the rule of the family, which lasted around 250 years, with headquarters in the Pilnikau Castle and in the neighboring Vlčice ( Wildschütz ). In 1424 the Hussites devastated the area, but the destruction of Pilnikau, mentioned several times, has not been proven with certainty.
In 1514 the place was divided, and Adam I Silber achieved the elevation of the central area to the city from King Vladislav II . The privileges granted at the same time included the formation of guilds , holding markets, jurisdiction and having its own coat of arms. The surrounding Billungsdorf (later Pilsdorf ) remained a farming village and was subject to the rule. During the time of the Reformation Pilnikau became Protestant; for the year 1543 Israel Geisler is recorded as a Lutheran "pastor of Pilnikau". Because of their participation in the Bohemian class uprising , the silver was expropriated by the emperor after the battle of the White Mountain and their possessions were sold by the Bohemian Chamber to Albrecht von Waldstein in 1623 . He promoted the heavy line production in Pilnikau required for armament. The region suffered severe harassment during the Thirty Years' War and Pastor Nikolaus Georgii von Pilnikau was slain. In 1675 Pilnikau was owned by the Schwarzenberg princes .
Pilnikau was given the name “the town in the village” because it was almost completely surrounded by the local area of Pilsdorf. To the west was Pilsdorf Part I ( Niederdorf ) and to the northeast of the city was Pilsdorf Part II ( Oberdorf ). After the abolition of the lordship , the municipality of Pilnikau / Pilníkov belonged to the judicial district of Trautenau and the district of Trautenau from 1850 . In the 1870s, Pilnikau was connected to the Altpaka - Trautenau railway line . This promoted industrial development and founded textile and machine factories, an iron foundry, a brick factory and an artificial silk factory.
Until 1918, Pilnikau and Pilsdorf were almost exclusively inhabited by Germans. After the First World War , both places were added to the newly created Czechoslovakia . In 1929 Pilnikau and Pilsdorf were merged under the name Pilnikau / Pilníkov. Even after the unification, Pilsdorf kept its own facilities such as the fire brigade and the poor house as well as the old house numbers until 1945. The entire community had 152 agricultural and 122 other, mostly commercial operations. In 1939 there were 1,748 inhabitants.
As a result of the Munich Agreement Pilnikau in 1938 joined the German Reich and was until 1945 the district Trutnov , Region of Usti nad Labem , in the Reich District of Sudetenland . After the Second World War, the German residents were expelled , which initially stagnated further economic development. The town charter was not renewed in 1948, of the industrial companies only Slévárna a strojírna survived (previously the Hübner company, iron foundry and metal processing ), and the farms were merged into two agricultural production cooperatives. After the Velvet Revolution , the economy recovered only sparingly. The most important companies in Pilníkov are the Kata company ( video games ) and the Talpa company , which produces pallets and wooden packaging. On April 12, 2007 Pilníkov was raised to the city again.
Demographics
Until 1945 Pilnikau was predominantly settled by German Bohemia , which were expelled.
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1830 | 993 | in 163 houses |
| 1833 | 966 | in 164 houses |
| 1844 | 1020 | in 175 houses |
| 1850 | about 1200 | |
| 1857 | approx. 1300 | |
| 1930 | 1812 | |
| 1939 | 1748 |
Local division
No districts are shown for the city of Pilníkov. Pilníkov consists of the locations Pilníkov I ( Pilnikau ), Pilníkov II ( Pilsdorf I part ), Pilníkov III ( Pilsdorf II part ) and Letná ( Silkin ). The Třídomí ( three houses ) and Prkenný Důl ( Brettgrund ) homesteads also belong to Pilníkov .
Attractions
- The Trinity Church ( Kostel Nejsvĕtĕjší Trojice ) from the 13th century was redesigned in 1604 under Beatrix von Lobkowitz born Stiller and received the still preserved Renaissance portal . In 1769–1772, the late baroque building was erected under Adam von Schwarzenberg, which characterizes the cityscape.
- The Marian column dates from 1763; around this time the pilgrimage to the "Sorrowful Mother of God" in Pilnikau became known nationwide.
sons and daughters of the town
- Karl Hofmann (1926–2012), German politician
- Ewald Kühnel (1927–2005), athlete, gold medal in javelin throwing at the Paralympics in Toronto 1976
literature
- Johannes Gottwald: Pilnikauer Ortskunde. 4 volumes. Self-published, Neuried near Munich 2006–2012.
Web links
- City website (Czech)
- Website about the city (German) On the Altenbuch-Riesengebirge.de website, a Pilnikau website is being created
- Inhabitants in 1939 and others
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ A b Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis , Prague 1835, p. 210, item 4).
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 16: Bidschower Kreis , Prague and Vienna 1790, p. 125, item 3).
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 195, paragraph 13).
- ^ Friedrich Carl Watterich von Watterichsburg: Handbook of regional studies of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Prague 1845, p. 965, left column
- ↑ Topographic Lexicon of Bohemia . Prague 1852, p. 298, right column.
- ^ Pierer's Universal Lexicon . Volume 13, Altenburg 1861, 136, left column .
- ↑ a b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Trautenau district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).