Dolní Lánov

Dolní Lánov
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Královéhradecký kraj
District :	Trutnov
Area :	1576 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 36 '  N , 15 ° 40'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 35 '53 "  N , 15 ° 39' 51"  E
Height:	426  m nm
Residents :	780 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	543 41
License plate :	H
traffic
Street:	Hostinné - Lánov
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Miloslav Tomíček (as of 2011)
Address:	Dolní Lánov 132 543 41 Lánov
Municipality number:	579165
Website :	www.dolnilanov.cz

Church of James the Elder Ä.

Dolní Lánov (German Nieder Langenau ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers southeast of Vrchlabí and belongs to the Okres Trutnov .

geography

Dolní Lánov is located in the Giant Mountains foothills and is part of a nine-kilometer-long forest hoof village that extends from Dolní Dvůr to Prosečné in a north-south direction in the Malé Labe valley. The upper two, the adjacent villages Horní Lánov , Prostřední Lánov , Dolní Lánov and Malý Lánov form the municipality Lánov ; the lower the Dolní Lánov commune. To the north rise the Liščí kopec (546 m) and the Lánský kopec (614 m), in the east the Malá Sněžka (499 m), southeast the Čihadlo (525 m), in the southwest the Hůrka (492 m), west the Okrouhlík ( 468 m) and in the northwest of Nad Hájem (501 m). An 8.25 km long cable car leads from the Černý Důl limestone quarries via Kovársko , Malá Sněžka and Malý Lánov to the Kunčice nad Labem building materials plant.

Neighboring towns are Prostřední Lánov in the north, Kovársko, Černý Důl and Čistá v Krkonoších in the north-east, Fořt and Lázně Fořt in the east, Terezín in the south-east, Malý Lánov, Prosečné and Klášterská Lhota in the south, Kunčice nad Labemhíří in the south, Podrcholejůříš in the south West and Vrchlabí in the northwest.

history

It is assumed that the valley of the Kleine Elbe was already settled at the beginning of the second wave of colonization between 1250 and 1260. The first written mention of Langnow and Langnaw took place in 1355. In 1359 the place was called Lognow . The village belonged to the royal district of Trutnov , whose goods were managed by various administrators under the supervision of a castle bailiff. Charles IV made use of his patronage rights himself in 1362 and appointed a pastor for the Church of St. James. At that time the place was one of the most important villages in the western part of the district. During the Hussite Wars , Lagnow was visited in 1424 by Jan Žižka's troops moving to Hostinné . The inhabitants of the village in the 15th century were miners who extracted iron ore, as well as lumberjacks, charcoal burners and blacksmiths, while agriculture played only a minor role. Other forms of the name were Lanow (1437), Langenau (1564), Langnau (1620) and Langenaw (1626). In 1525 the area was separated from the Trautenauer fief and left to Johann Tetour von Tetov . He sold the property in 1533 to the royal chief miner Christoph von Gendorf , who established the Hohenelbe rule .

A differentiation into several parts can be demonstrated since the 16th century. Dolní Lánov was first mentioned in 1542 in connection with the Judge at Langnaw . The oldest mention of Horní Lánov ( horzeyssi wes lanow ) took place in 1519, the Prostřední Lánov ( Central Langnaw ) in 1654 and the Malý Lánov ( small overhead Langenau ) 1657. In Malý Lánov it was the remaining portion of the rule Arnau in lower part of Dolní Lánov, which also passed to the Hohenelbe rule in the 18th century. Several houses in Nieder Langenau were destroyed in the flood of 1686 . In the 18th century the agricultural use of the slopes on both sides of the valley gained importance. However, since it was not very productive, home weaving spread as a sideline. In 1775, residents of Nieder Langenau also took part in the north-east Bohemian peasant uprising. In 1827 Nieder Langenau consisted of 212 houses and had 1,468 inhabitants, making this village alone half the size of the town of Hohenelbe. In 1834, 1437 people lived in the 212 houses in Nieder Langenau . In addition, there was a school, two mills and two emphytheutized farms in the village. Then there were Klein Langenau with 26 houses and 194 inhabitants and Schmidtdorf with 11 houses and 68 inhabitants. Nieder Langenau was the parish for Ober-, Mittel- and Klein Langenau and Schmidtdorf; Since 1806, the parish also had the St. Josef locality in Niederhof . Home weaving represented an essential sideline. Until the middle of the 19th century, the village remained subject to the Hohenelbe rulership.

After the abolition of patrimonial made low Langenau / Dolni Lanov in 1850 with the districts small Langenau / Malý Lanov and Schmidtsdorf a municipality in the judicial district Hohenelbe or in the district Hohenelbe . In 1864 Ferdinand Böhm set up a large flax spinning mill in Nieder Langenau , and in 1899 he was raised to the nobility. At the beginning of the 20th century, Nieder Langenau was the largest village in the valley of the Little Elbe with 219 houses and 1929 inhabitants. The population consisted almost exclusively of Germans, only one Czech lived in the village. The Czech place name was changed from Dolní Lanov to Dolní Lánov in 1921 . In 1930 Ferdinand Böhm's flax spinning mill with 6,500 spindles went bankrupt as a result of the global economic crisis. In 1930 the community had 1582 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 1502. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Nieder Langenau was annexed to the German Empire in 1938 and belonged to the Hohenelbe district until 1945 . After the Second World War, the place came back to Czechoslovakia and the German population was expelled by the end of 1946. After the dissolution of the Okres Vrchlabí Dolní Lánov was assigned to the Okres Trutnov at the beginning of 1961.

Local division

No districts are designated for the municipality of Dolní Lánov. The settlements Kovársko ( Schmidtdorf ) and Malý Lánov ( Klein Langenau ) belong to Dolní Lánov .

Attractions

• Church of St. James the Elder, it was built between 1511 and 1518 as a late Gothic utraquist chapel with a bell tower, in the years 1599–1603 it was rebuilt in the Renaissance style by the builder Carlo Valmadi and expanded into a three-nave church. It is surrounded by a cemetery with a cemetery wall and entrance gate
• Stone wayside cross
• wooden chalets in folk construction

Born in Nieder Langenau

Hannes Weikert (1918–1980), artist, university professor

Roland Zirm (* 1932), mayor's son and chronicler

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
2. ↑ ^{a b} http://www.riesengebirgler.de/gebirge/orte/Ortschaften.htm
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, pp. 192-193.
4. ↑ http://buggy.homeip.net:8025/Schatzlar/Schatzlar-Buch/Kap14.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Hohenelbe district (Czech. Vrchlabí). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ Sudetenland does not let go of him . In: News of the Ortenau - Offenburger Tageblatt . ( bo.de [accessed on January 27, 2018]).