Prostřední Lánov

Prostřední Lánov
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Královéhradecký kraj
District :	Trutnov
Municipality :	Lánov
Area :	840 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 37 ′  N , 15 ° 39 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 36 ′ 51 ″  N , 15 ° 39 ′ 27 ″  E
Height:	475  m nm
Residents :	1,090 (March 1, 2001)
Postal code :	543 41
License plate :	H
traffic
Street:	Vrchlabí - Trutnov

House no. 71

Prostřední Lánov (German means Langenau ) is a district of the municipality of Lánov in the Czech Republic . It lies four kilometers east of Vrchlabí and belongs to the Okres Trutnov .

geography

Prostřední Lánov is located in the Giant Mountains foothills and is part of a nine-kilometer-long forest hoof village that extends from Dolní Dvůr to Prosečné in a north-south direction in the Malé Labe valley. The upper two, the adjacent villages Horní Lánov , Prostřední Lánov, Dolní Lánov and Malý Lánov form the municipality Lánov; the lower the Dolní Lánov commune . To the north rises the Buben (598 m), in the northeast of the Lánský kopec ( Zirmkoppe , 614 m), to the southwest of the Nad Hájem (501 m) and Zimův vrch (499 m) and in the northwest of the Liščí kopec (546 m) and Jankův Kopec (694 m). In the center of the village, the road I / 14 between Vrchlabí and Trutnov crosses the Malé Labe valley. At the settlement of Peklo, dolomitic limestone quarries are operated on the northern slope of Lánský Kopec. To the west are the Lánov airfield and the Vrchlabský rybník reservoir.

Neighboring towns are Horní Lánov and Peklo in the north, Bönischovy Boudy and Černý Důl in the north-east, Čistá v Krkonoších and Kovársko in the east, Fořt in the south-east, Dolní Lánov in the south, Podhůří in the south-west, Dolejší Vrchlabí and Vrchlabíabíjíš in the north and Vrchlabejíchlabí in the north.

history

It is assumed that the valley of the Kleine Elbe was already settled at the beginning of the second wave of colonization between 1250 and 1260. The first written mention of Langnow and Langnaw took place in 1355. In 1359 the place was called Lognow . The village belonged to the royal district of Trutnov , whose goods were managed by various administrators under the supervision of a castle bailiff. Charles IV made use of his patronage rights as sovereign himself in 1362 and appointed a pastor for the Church of St. James. At that time the place was one of the most important villages in the western part of the district. In 1394 Wenceslaus IV enfeoffed Johann Čuch von Zásada auf Návarov with Lognow . From 1406 Henik von Waldstein auf Stepanitz Johann's son, Peter Čuch von Zásada, contested the iron ore mines of Lognow . During the Hussite Wars , Lagnow was visited in 1424 by Jan Žižka's troops moving to Hostinné . The inhabitants of the village in the 15th century were miners who extracted iron ore, as well as lumberjacks, charcoal burners and blacksmiths - agriculture only played a subordinate role. Other forms of the name were Lanow (1437), Langenau (1564), Langnau (1620) and Langenaw (1626). The end of the 15th century was the heyday of Langenau iron mining, in which new deposits were constantly sought. After the old dispute over the mining rights had been settled in court, it flared up again in 1488 when Henik's grandson, Hynek von Waldstein auf Stepanitz, saw his rights on the Altenberg near Hackelsdorf curtailed and the new liege of Lognow Alesch von Schanow ( Aleš Šanovec ) sued Hostinné and Návarov for damages. Hammer masters Nickel von Langenau and Hans vom Oberen Hammer also appeared as witnesses. Hynek von Waldstein was able to successfully enforce his rights as a senior in field 1489 before the higher court. Alesch von Schanow died in 1493, his two sons shared the property after they came of age in 1507. Wenzel received Lognow with the lower hammer; Johann got the area upstream as well as Lauterwasser and the Upper Hammer. The town of Hostinné was owned by both brothers. In 1519 Johann von Wartenberg bought both parts, but sold them to Zdeněk von Waldstein in 1521 . In 1525 the area was separated from the Trautenauer fief and left to Johann Tetour von Tetov . This sold the property including the Langenauer Eisenberg or Altenberg in 1533 to the royal Oberstbergmeister Christoph von Gendorf , who established the Hohenelbe rule . In 1543 Gendorf also acquired the royal share of Langenau, which Wilhelm von Waldstein contested on Stepanitz. On October 13, 1552 the dispute was decided in favor of Gendorf; Wilhelm von Waldstein only left the Lehnhof ( Klein Langenau ) in the lower part of the village . Gendorf endowed Langenau with privileges and had new iron works, hammers and blast furnaces built in the formerly royal part, but the place lost its importance as a result of the establishment of the mountain town of Hohenelbe.

A differentiation into several parts can be demonstrated since the 16th century. The oldest mention of Horní Lánov ( horzeyssi wes lanow ) took place in 1519, that of Dolní Lánov in 1542 in connection with the Niederrichter zu Langnaw , that of Prostřední Lánov ( Middle Langnaw ) in 1654 and that of Malý Lánov ( Kleingemein Langenau ) in 1657 In 1601 Niederhof , which had previously belonged to Ober Langenau, was an independent mountain village. The Langenauer Eisenhammer burned down in 1661. In 1687 Matthias Kießling founded a paper mill in Mittel Langenau . While mining experienced its decline in the 18th century, the agricultural use of the slopes on both sides of the valley gained in importance. However, since it was not very productive, home weaving and spinning became the main occupation. In 1834, 755 people lived in the 111 houses in Mittel Langenau . In addition to the Kießling paper mill with 20 employees, there was a bleaching facility in the village at that time. The Catholic parish was Nieder Langenau . Until the middle of the 19th century, the village remained subordinate to Hohenelbe.

Evangelical Church (before 1910)

After the abolition of patrimonial formed means Langenau / Prostřední Lanov 1850 a municipality in the judicial district Hohenelbe or in the district Hohenelbe . After Friedrich Kießling's paper mill burned down in 1860, the Emil Weiß, Neumann & Fried paper mill was built in its place , which later operated under the names of Emil Weiß & Ruckmich and Emil Weiß & W. Ullmann . Leutzendorf & Waengler's mechanical weaving and sizing shop in Langenau was founded in 1872. In 1888 the Emanuel Weiß paper mill burned down . Then the Gerstel brothers bought the site and built a mechanical weaving mill there in 1895, which was taken over by Moritz Doctor in 1899 and renamed “ K. k. Mittellangenauer mechanical weaving and finishing Moritz Doctor ”. At that time 250 workers were employed there who produced raw and colored cotton goods on 512 looms. In 1899, Mittel Langenau was formed as a parish of the German Evangelical Church in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia . The latter had a church built in 1902 according to plans by Schilling & Graebner , which in 1916 was elevated to the status of a Protestant parish church for Nieder-, Mittel-, Ober-Langenau, Niederhof, Forst, Lauterwasser and Schwarzenthal. Under the direction of Mittel Langenau's mayor and entrepreneur William Clay, a communal water supply for the municipalities of Mittel-, Ober- and Nieder- Langenau and Proschwitz was built in 1911 , to the one in the Giant Mountains above Niederhof at 1000 m. ü. M. the sources were taken. The Czech place name was changed from Prostřední Lanov to Prostřední Lánov in 1921 . An airfield for glider and glider pilots was built west of the village in 1933.

In 1930 the community had 1249 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 1282. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Mittel Langenau was annexed to the German Empire in 1938 and belonged to the Hohenelbe district until 1945 . During this time, a stately wooden house was built at the foot of the Zirmkoppe as accommodation for forced laborers employed in agriculture. At the end of 1944, the military confiscated the so-called camp as accommodation for high-ranking SS officers. After the Second World War, the place came back to Czechoslovakia and the German population was expelled by October 1946. Until the end of 1945, Czechs from the districts of Jilemnice, Semily, Jičín, Nová Paka were settled. In 1947 there were 674 Czechs settled in the municipality. 15 Germans remained in Prostřední Lánov, they were partners from intercultural marriages, specialists or old women. In the course of municipal reform Prostřední Lánov and were Horní Lánov beginning of 1961 to a municipality Lánov together, at the same time it was assigned due to the cancellation of the Okres Trutnov District Vrchlabí. The former Protestant church was demolished in 1979. In 1991 there were 1075 people in Prostřední Lánov. The 2001 census counted 262 houses and 1090 inhabitants. Due to its location on the highway I / 14 between Vrchlabí and Trutnov , Prostřední Lánov forms the center of the Lánov municipality.

Attractions

• Wooden chalets in folk construction
• Monument to the fallen, erected in 1927
• Waterworks, built in 1911

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} http://www.riesengebirgler.de/gebirge/orte/Ortschaften.htm
2. ^ Franz Schöbel: The mining in the Giant Mountains. Part 1: Iron ore mining.
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, p. 192.
4. ↑ http://www.muvrchlabi.cz/en/history/ ( Memento of the original from August 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ The paper industry in the Hohenelbe district in the Bohemian Giant Mountains around 1907.
6. ↑ http://www.volny.cz/mathesius/053n.shtml
7. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Hohenelbe district (Czech. Vrchlabí). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 

Web links

• František Jirásko: History Lánovska