Horní Lánov

Horní Lánov
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Královéhradecký kraj
District :	Trutnov
Municipality :	Lánov
Area :	855 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 38 '  N , 15 ° 39'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 38 '24 "  N , 15 ° 39' 29"  E
Height:	475  m nm
Residents :	408 (March 1, 2001)
Postal code :	543 41
License plate :	H
traffic
Street:	Prostřední Lánov - Dolní Dvůr

Horní Lánov (German Ober Langenau ) is a district of the municipality of Lánov in the Czech Republic . It lies four kilometers east of Vrchlabí and belongs to the Okres Trutnov .

geography

Horní Lánov is located at the southern foothills of the Giant Mountains in the Giant Mountains foothills and is part of a nine-kilometer-long forest hoof village that extends from Dolní Dvůr to Prosečné in a north-south direction in the Malé Labe valley. The upper two, the adjacent villages Horní Lánov, Prostřední Lánov , Dolní Lánov and Malý Lánov form the municipality Lánov; the lower the Dolní Lánov commune . To the north rises the Tetřeví vrch (964), in the northeast of the Jelení vrch (1024 m) and the Špičák (1001 m), east of the Buben (598 m), southeast of the Lánský kopec ( Zirmkoppe , 614 m), southwest of the Liščí kopec (546 m), west of the Jankův kopec (694 m) and in the northwest the Strážná hůra (824 m) and the Vápenice (786 m). At the settlement of Peklo, dolomitic limestone quarries are operated on the northern slope of Lánský Kopec.

Neighboring towns are Luisino Údolí, Dolni Dvur and Hádek in the north, Prislova Bouda, Bönischovy Boudy in the Northeast, Peklo and Cerny Dul in the east, Čistá v Krkonoších the southeast, Prostřední Lánov in the south, Dolejší Vrchlabí in the southwest, Vrchlabí and Hořejší Vrchlabí in the west and Vápenice, Herlíkovice, Seidlovy Domky and Strážné in the north-west.

history

It is assumed that the valley of the Kleine Elbe was already settled at the beginning of the second wave of colonization between 1250 and 1260. The first written mention of Langnow and Langnaw took place in 1355. In 1359 the place was called Lognow . The village belonged to the royal district of Trutnov , whose goods were managed by various administrators under the supervision of a castle bailiff. Charles IV made use of his patronage rights as sovereign himself in 1362 and appointed a pastor for the Church of St. James. At that time the place was one of the most important villages in the western part of the district. During the Hussite Wars , Lagnow was visited in 1424 by Jan Žižka's troops moving to Hostinné . The inhabitants of the village in the 15th century were miners who extracted iron ore in the middle village, as well as woodcutters, charcoal burners and blacksmiths - agriculture only played a subordinate role. Other forms of the name were Lanow (1437), Langenau (1564), Langnau (1620) and Langenaw (1626). In 1525 the area was separated from the Trautenauer fief and left to Johann Tetour von Tetov . He sold the property in 1533 to the royal chief miner Christoph von Gendorf , who established the Hohenelbe rule .

A differentiation into several parts can be demonstrated since the 16th century. The oldest mention of Horní Lánov ( horzeyssi wes lanow ) took place in 1519, that of Dolní Lánov in 1542 in connection with the Niederrichter zu Langnaw , that of Prostřední Lánov ( Middle Langnaw ) in 1654 and that of Malý Lánov ( Kleingemein Langenau ) in 1657 In the 18th century, the agricultural use of the slopes on both sides of the valley gained importance. However, since it was not very productive, home weaving and spinning became the main occupation. The stately board mill can be traced back to 1720. On October 16, 1770, Franz Xaver von Morzin sold this to the local judge Anton Lahr. Since the 18th century several limestone quarries and rural brick factories have been operated near Ober Langenau . The quicklime from Ober Langenau and Schwarzenthal was used in the construction of the Josefstadt fortress . In 1834, 946 people lived in the 141 houses in Ober Langenau . The Rapprichhaus, a single layer in the meadows to the northwest, belonged to the village . The largest company was the state-authorized paper mill Gebr. Gustav, Wilhelm and Richard Kiesling, founded in 1822, with 50 workers. The village also had a school, a mill, a board saw and the hospital donated by the Hohenelbe owners, Paul and Rudolf von Morzin. The Catholic parish was Nieder Langenau . In 1835 the kk privileged paper mill Gebr. Kiesling bought the old Arnau Castle, which had previously been used as a cotton spinning mill, and converted it into a paper mill. In 1839 the Kiesling Brothers sold their paper mills. The Arnauer acquired Franz Ritter von Lorenz; Adalbert Ehinger bought the one in Ober Langenau and had a bleaching and finishing plant built in its place. Until the middle of the 19th century, the village remained subordinate to Hohenelbe.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed upper Langenau / Horni Lanov 1850 with the Rapprich house a municipality in the judicial district Hohenelbe or in the district Hohenelbe . On August 1, 1859, the B. Großmann paper factory was built in place of the board saw. In 1895 it changed its name to the P&U Großmann company. Under Otto Ehinger, the bleaching and finishing company A. Ehinger achieved its economic boom around the turn of the century. In 1902 a church of the German Evangelical Church in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia was established in Mittel Langenau , which was elevated to the status of a Protestant parish for Nieder-, Mittel-, Ober-Langenau, Niederhof, Forst , Lauterwasser and Schwarzenthal in 1916 . The Czech place name was changed from Horní Lanov to Horní Lánov in 1921 . In 1930 the community had 993 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 985. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Ober Langenau was annexed to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Hohenelbe district until 1945 . After the Second World War, the place came back to Czechoslovakia and the German population was expelled by the end of 1946. In the course of municipal reform Prostřední Lánov and Horní Lánov were at the beginning of 1961 to a municipality Lánov together, at the same time it was assigned due to the cancellation of the Okres Trutnov District Vrchlabí. In 1991 there were 370 people in Horní Lánov. The 2001 census counted 127 houses and 408 residents.

House no. 19th

Attractions

• Wooden chalets in folk construction

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} http://www.riesengebirgler.de/gebirge/orte/Ortschaften.htm
2. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, pp. 192-193.
3. ↑ The paper industry in the Hohenelbe district in the Bohemian Giant Mountains around 1907
4. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Hohenelbe district (Czech. Vrchlabí). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 

Web links

• František Jirásko: History Lánovska