Dolní Branná

Dolní Branná
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Královéhradecký kraj
District :	Trutnov
Area :	791 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 36 '  N , 15 ° 36'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 35 '40 "  N , 15 ° 35' 32"  E
Height:	428  m nm
Residents :	981 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	543 62
License plate :	H
traffic
Street:	Vrchlabí - Studenec
Railway connection:	Velký Osek – Trutnov
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Libor Čvančara (as of 2012)
Address:	Dolní Branná 256 543 62 Dolní Branná
Municipality number:	579122
Website :	www.dbranna.cz

Church of St. George

Dolní Branná (German Hennersdorf , formerly also Unter Branna or Nieder Brenney ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located four kilometers south of Vrchlabí and belongs to the Okres Trutnov .

geography

Dolní Branná extends in the Giant Mountains foothills to the right of the Elbe in the valley of the Sovinka brook ( Sowinetz ). The Liščí kopec (497 m) rises to the north, the Hůrka (492 m) to the east, the Fejfarův vrch (493 m) to the south, the Hůra (566 m) to the southwest, the Horka (510 m) to the west and the Na Vrších to the north-west (534 m) and Principálek (523 m). The railway line Velký Osek – Trutnov runs on the northern outskirts, the railway station in the village is called Horní Branná . Dolní Branná is crossed by road II / 295 from Vrchlabí to Studenec .

Neighboring towns are Vejsplachy and Liščí Kopec in the north, Podhůří in the Northeast, Kunčice nad Labem and Příčnice the southeast, Horní Kalná , Na Močidle and Zálesní Lhota in the south, Bakov and Martinice v Krkonoších the southwest, Javorek and Jilem the west and Jilemnice , Bohdanec and Horní Branná in the northwest.

history

The forest hoof village of Branna originated in the middle of the 13th century. The first written message about the village of Unterbrenney , which belongs to the Jičín deanery , came in 1276. In 1352, Brenna inferior and Brenna superior were listed in a papal tithe list. From 1357 Brenna inferiori belonged to Jan von Skupice. The next owner was Václav von Cidlina from 1363, then in 1380 the Lords of Waldstein Inferior Brenna acquired and connected the estate to their lordship of Stepanitz. In 1389 Hynek and Zdenko von Waldstein were the owners. After the death of Zdenko von Waldstein in 1393 his son Heinrich ( Henik ) inherited the rule. Since the Latin place name Henrici villa has been proven since 1395 , it is assumed that this is derived from the first name of this landlord. In 1398 Eusebia von Waldstein had a wooden church built. From 1406 Lhota Zahajská was listed as an accessory to Henrici villa . At the beginning of the Hussite Wars , the rebels moved through the village to Arnau in March 1424 . Presumably the wooden church was burned down, because in 1490 Georg von Waldstein had a stone church built. When the Stepanitz rule was divided between Hynko and Heinrich (Heník) von Waldstein in 1492 , Henrici villa remained with Heinrich von Waldstein's lower part, which, in addition to Stepanitz Castle, only included the Branna estate and half of Starkenbach . From 1510 the Stepanitz estates fell to the family branch of the Waldstein von Skal. In 1542, the village was first referred to as Hainrichsdorff in the Hohenelbe town register . Further forms of the name were Heinrichsdorff (1562), Heinerßdorf (1576), Doleny Branna (1619), Unter Branna (1633), Heiners Dorff (1673) and Hennerstorff (1703). In 1549 Johann von Waldstein and Stepanitz acquired the rule, followed by his son Zdenko in 1552 and then his son Wilhelm, who was the last of the family to live in Stepanitz Castle. Wilhelm's son Zdenko, who owned the estate until 1574, had a new castle built in Branna in 1561 and moved the seat of the estate from Stepanitz to Branna. His descendants had a second - larger - castle built in Branna in 1583. From 1599 Adam the Younger von Waldstein was the owner of Branna, followed by Hynko von Waldstein on Dobrawitz, Kristberg and Branna. He sold the Branna domain in 1606 to the owner of Hohenelbe, Johann von Morzin, who a little later passed it on to Wenzel Zaruba von Hustiřan. After the Battle of the White Mountain , the goods were confiscated by Wenzel Zaruba and in 1628 Branna was sold for 47,994 guilders to Albrecht von Waldstein , who added them to his Duchy of Friedland . After Waldstein's murder, Branna fell to Maximilian Karl von Waldstein in the course of the dissolution of the duchy. He set his brother-in-law Ferdinand III in his will. Bonaventure von Harrach-Rohrau as heir. In 1701 Bonaventura von Harrach-Rohrau also bought the upper or Starkenbacher share from Franz Paul Harant von Polschitz and Weseritz for 242,000 guilders and combined the Branna and Starkenbacher shares to form the Starkenbach dominion. 1706 his son Aloys I. Thomas Raimund Graf Harrach inherited the rule. In 1716, Tobias Hiltscher, the first teacher to work in Hennersdorf . 1742 inherited Aloys son Friedrich III. Count Harrach-Rohrau took over possession. During the Second Silesian War , Prussian troops devastated the village in September 1745. The following year the school burned down, and in 1747 Friedrich von Harrach had a new wooden schoolhouse built. After the death of Friedrich von Harrach in 1749 his son Ernst V. Guido Graf Harrach-Rohrau inherited the rule, followed in 1783 by Johann Nepomuk XII. Count Harrach. This sold the Viennese Majoratsgarten and the Majoratsgut Wlkawa and transferred the Majorat to the united allodial rule Starkenbach. In 1827 the construction of the district road from Hohenelbe via Hennersdorf to Huttendorf took place . After the death of Johann Nepomuk Count Harrach, his son Ernst Count Harrach took over the rule in 1829. In 1834 there were almost exclusively German-speaking residents in the 182 houses in Hennersdorf and Unter Branna / Dolenj Brana in 1228. In addition to the St. Georg branch church, the school and an inn on the road to Hohenelbe, there were two mills in the village; the upper one was on the Sowinetzbach and the lower three-course, which also included a walke, at its confluence with the Elbe. In addition, copper ores, azurite and malachite have been mined since the 15th century. Until the middle of the 19th century, Hennersdorf was always subject to the Fideikommissherrschaft Starkenbach.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Hennersdorf / Dolení Branná 1850 a municipality in the judicial district Hohenelbe or in the district Hohenelbe . In 1857 the foundation stone was laid for the new church, which was consecrated three years later. The new cemetery was laid out in 1868. In 1869 the construction of the railway from Stará Paka to Trautenau began ; in 1871 it began operating without stopping in Hennersdorf. In 1872, the Bielefeld textile company Merfeld & Söhne set up a hand and mechanical weaving mill in Hennersdorf. In 1873 the community was reclassified from the Starkenbach district to the Hohenelbe district. After the volunteer fire brigade was founded, it built its syringe house in 1880. After Robert Ullmann's lower mill had burned down, Robert Dix from Großaupa bought the fire site in 1885 and built a paper mill there. The Karner was built in 1892 and a post office was added the following year. The Hennersdorf train station was established in 1898. In 1908 the Merfeld & Sons weaving mill was transferred to the entrepreneur Josef Jan Menčík from Semily . In 1910 the population consisted of 1262 Germans and 140 Czechs. In the same year, the entrepreneur Peter Honnemayer founded a handkerchief factory together with his brother-in-law Alfred Pilz from Warnsdorf . The post office received a telegraph in 1913. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , a one-class Czech minority school was established in the community in 1919, which ten years later moved into its own schoolhouse. In 1929 it was also connected to the electricity network. The road to Pelsdorf was paved in 1935. In the elections held in the same year, the Sudeten German Party won . After the Munich Agreement , the community was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Hohenelbe district until 1945 . The Czech school was closed in 1938 and its principal Josef Šlitr, the father of Jiří Šlitr , was expelled. In 1930 there were 1294 people living in Hennersdorf, in 1939 there were 1171. After the end of the Second World War, Dolní Branná returned to Czechoslovakia. The Counts of Harrach, who had to cede parts of their large estates in the course of the land reform in the 1920s, were completely expropriated in 1945. After the end of the war, 975 Germans were expelled from the village and around 400 Czechs from Horní Branná and another 200 from the surrounding area settled in their place. The Czech school started teaching in the school house of the German school. The Dix paper mill was closed and the Menčík weaving mill was incorporated into the Mostex company after nationalization. The Mileta factory emerged from the Honnemayer & Pilz company. Copper mining was briefly resumed in 1951 in the locality of Záduší. In the course of the abolition of the Okres Vrchlabí Dolní Branná was assigned to the Okres Trutnov in 1960. Since 1999 Dolní Branná has had a coat of arms and a banner.

Local division

No districts have been identified for the municipality of Dolní Branná. The one- shift Bakov belongs to Dolní Branná .

Attractions

• Church of St. George, neo-Romanesque building from the years 1857 to 1860. It was consecrated on October 2, 1860. The main bell of the church, cast in 1499, is the second oldest in the diocese of Hradec Králové and bears the inscription Tento zwon slit gest licczsti letha bozieho tisicieho cztirsteho dewadesateho dewateho panu bohu vssemohucimu a swatymu Girzi .
• Rectory, built 1860–1863
• Chapel of St. Joseph, north of the village on the road to Vrchlabí; it was built around 1294 and received its current baroque appearance in the 18th century. On May 10, 1884, five linden trees were planted around the chapel, the reason for which was probably the engagement of Crown Prince Rudolf. An urn cemetery was later built below the chapel.

Sons and daughters of the church

• Josef Malinský, Czechoslovak biathlete and participant in the 1976 Olympic Games in Innsbruck

Web links

• Local history
• Origin of name

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
2. ↑ http://www.riesengebirgler.de/gebirge/orte/Ortschaften.htm
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, pp. 159-160.
4. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer: The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, p. 174.
5. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Hohenelbe district (Czech. Vrchlabí). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from April 17, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.