Biebig small fort

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Biebig small fort
limes ORL - ( RLK )
Route (RLK) Rhaetian Limes,
route 14
Dating (occupancy) by no later than 260 AD
Type Small fort
size 39 × 42 m = approx. 0.15 ha
Construction stone
State of preservation flat rubble wall
place Biebig
Geographical location 48 ° 58 '31.1 "  N , 11 ° 15' 57.2"  E
height 510  m above sea level NHN
Previous Petersbuch small fort (west)
Subsequently Small fort Hegelohe (east)
Backwards Fort Pfünz (south)

The fortlet Biebig was possibly a former Roman military camp , the close of the World Heritage Site collected Rätische wall was built and the hamlet today in "Altdorf Forest" north Götzelshard , community Pollenfeld , in Eichstaett district in Bavaria is.

Location and research history

KK Biebig with its wider Limes area
KK Biebig, floor plan and section through the fence

The rampart is located in a remote location in the "Altdorfer Wald" and was built around 100 meters south of the Roman border. This is an unusually long distance for a small fort on the Rhaetian Limes. The findings, located at an altitude of 510 meters, are now partially cut by deep ravines. The visible walls are on the eastern edge of a mountain tongue. The tip of this river flows around 400 meters north of the Limes above the confluence of two deep cuttings at around 440 meters above sea level. One is the valley of the Anlauter that flows from southwest to northeast , the other, the Wassertal, which runs southwards below Biebig, is much shorter. The "western" and the "eastern Wassertal" merge in the valley floor near the site. While the western valley tapers to the southwest, the "Eastern Wassertal" bends to the east at the height of the presumed small fort and flows out around 400 meters from Biebig, near the nearest small fort Hegelohe .

The small facility was examined by Friedrich Winkelmann (1852-1934), a route commissioner for the Reich Limes Commission (RLK).

Building history

The approximately 39 × 42 meters (= 0.15 hectare), barely examined, trapezoidal earth hill had a 0.60 meter high masonry core with a width of 2.60 meters in its defense around one meter high. Winkelmann discovered a single, undecorated Roman sigillate in the form of Ludowici III p. 279 SM deep in the wall , which must have belonged to a large bowl. No more finds came to light during the trial cut. The dating of the shard is open. In addition, the plant has no ditch. Due to the depth of the find inside the wall, the excavator suspected that the sigillata fragment could only have got there during the construction of the complex.

The churned up remains of the nearest watchtower, Wp 14/66, are located around 100 meters north of the small fort and around ten meters south of the Limes. At this tower location, which is located on the eastern slope of the Eastern Water Valley, the Roman soldiers could only see the Eastern Water Valley. To the west, however, there was a line of sight to Wp 14/65, who could see the Western Wassertal.

criticism

Due to the findings, doubts have repeatedly been raised in the past, which classify this location as not Roman times or assess it critically. According to archaeologist Thomas Fischer , Biebig "apparently did not have a mortar stone defensive wall."

Monument protection

The small fort Biebig and the facilities mentioned have been part of the UNESCO World Heritage as a section of the Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes since 2005 . In addition, they are protected as registered ground monuments within the meaning of the Bavarian Monument Protection Act (BayDSchG) . Investigations and targeted collection of finds are subject to authorization, accidental finds must be reported to the monument authorities.

See also

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b Dietwulf Baatz: The Roman Limes. Archaeological excursions between the Rhine and the Danube . Mann, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-786-12347-0 , p. 303.
  2. ↑ Small fort Hegelohe at 48 ° 58 ′ 32.78 ″  N , 11 ° 16 ′ 16.74 ″  E
  3. ^ A b Ernst Fabricius, Felix Hettner and Oscar von Sarwey (eds.): The Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes of the Roemerreich , Department A, Volume 7: The routes 14 and 15, Petters, Heidelberg 1933, p. 105.
  4. ↑ a b Thomas Fischer, Erika Riedmeier Fischer: The Roman Limes in Bavaria . Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2008. ISBN 978-3-7917-2120-0 . P. 132
  5. ^ Günter Ulbert, Thomas Fischer: The Limes in Bavaria . Theiss, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-8062-0-351-2 , p. 90.