Clinical pharmacy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Clinical Pharmacy is a discipline of pharmacy , which with the drug therapy of the patient concerned.

According to the current licensing regulations for pharmacists , the contents of clinical pharmacy include :

history

United States

Clinical pharmacy was introduced in 1944 by L. Wait Rising, professor in the College of Pharmacy at the University of Washington . Depending on theoretical courses, he introduced bedside visits for medical students and observations in pharmacies for pharmacy students . This so-called "Washington Experiment" was abolished in 1946 because of protests by university teachers. In 1953 "clinical pharmacy" was mentioned for the first time. Since the beginning of the 1960s , this term gained more and more importance in literature.

During these years, Glenn Sperandio divided pharmacy into three areas:

  1. Pharmaceutical Sciences
  2. Industrial pharmacy
  3. Clinical pharmacy

He divided clinical pharmacy into public practice, hospital pharmacy and public health.

In 1960, pharmacists in American hospitals began to take drug histories and draw attention to drug-related problems in patients. This made it possible to systematically investigate risks and errors in drug therapy.

Europe

The in-hospital internships carried out in France as early as 1814 could be seen as early forerunners, although they were not described as "clinical".

The development in the USA also reached Europe in 1971, whereby the first European symposium on clinical pharmacy was held in Nijmegen . In the German-speaking countries, the term “clinical pharmacy”, unlike in America, was associated with work in hospitals. Two years later, the first clinical-pharmaceutical course was held in a hospital in Barcelona . The European Society of Clinical Pharmacy was founded in Lyon in 1979 to develop guidelines for the training of clinical pharmacists in Europe. In 1962, Hans-Joachim Seidlein asked a specialist pharmacist for clinical pharmacy, which was met in the 1980s.

The beginnings of clinical pharmacy were set in 1977 by Hans-Joachim Meyer (1939–1997) in the municipal hospital in Karlsruhe . He introduced patient-oriented services and a drug information center , which was operated by a pharmacist. Pharmacists also visited chief physician's visits. In spite of all these efforts, clinical pharmacy was hardly taken into account in courses, but served exclusively for further training.

At the end of the 1990s , the job profile of the pharmacist was renewed and, in particular, expanded to include information security for the drug. A new focus was placed on pharmaceutical care, which has been part of the standard of pharmaceutical tasks in other countries for years. As a result of this change, the training also had to be changed. In 1999 a new license to practice medicine was drawn up, which included clinical pharmacy as the 5th state examination subject. In 1997, the ABDA and the German Pharmaceutical Society formulated a general definition for this: "Clinical pharmacy is a discipline of pharmacy that, based on knowledge of pharmaceutical and natural science, has as its content the optimization of the use of drugs on and by the patient." the optimization of drug therapy for the patient.

literature

  • Björn Lemmer , Kay Brune: Pharmacotherapy, Clinical Pharmacology . 12th edition. Springer publishing house. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 2004. ISBN 3-540-20414-8
  • Petra Högger, Egid Strehl (Eds.): Repetitorium Klinische Pharmazie. Govi-Verlag Pharmazeutischer Verlag GmbH, Eschborn 2007. ISBN 978-3-7741-1060-1
  • Ulrich Jaehde, Roland Radziwill, Stefan Mühlebach, Walter Schunack: Textbook of clinical pharmacy . 2nd Edition. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart 2003. ISBN 3-8047-1939-2

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b History of Pharmacy. Vol. 2. From early modern times to the present . Govi-Verl, Eschborn 2005, ISBN 978-3-7741-1027-4 , pp. 698 .
  2. ↑ a b Axel Helmstädter: Clinical pharmacy on the way to a pharmaceutical discipline. Retrieved March 21, 2017 .
  3. ^ History of Pharmacy. Vol. 2. From early modern times to the present . Govi-Verl, Eschborn 2005, ISBN 978-3-7741-1027-4 , pp. 699 .