Oberzell Monastery
| Oberzell Monastery | |
|---|---|
 The monastery church of St. Michael with the monastery wall and the small castle built by Peter Speeth in 1812/13 during the secular period (right) |
|
| location | Oberzell Monastery 1, 97299 Zell am Main |
| Lies in the diocese | Diocese of Würzburg |
| Coordinates: | 49 ° 48 '3.2 " N , 9 ° 52' 40.7" E |
| Patronage | St. Michael (Archangel) |
| founding year | 1128 by Premonstratensians |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
Disbanded in 1803 in the course of secularization |
| Year of repopulation | New monastic life since 1901 by the Servants of the Holy Childhood of Jesus of the Third Order of St. Francis |
The Oberzell Monastery is a monastery in Zell am Main in Bavaria in the diocese of Würzburg . The monastery is located on the left bank of the Main about six kilometers from Würzburg , on whose territory it is partly located.
history
The Premonstratensian monastery , consecrated to St. Michael, was founded in 1128 by Johannes , a cathedral canon, and his brother Heinrich at the instigation of the founder of the Premonstratensian order, Saint Norbert von Xanten, as a double monastery. Around the year 1230 was I of Lobdeburg Hermann , Bishop of Würzburg, the relocation of the monastery upper cell affiliated wife Convention , the monastery Unterzell founded. In 1525, during the Great Peasants' War, insurgent, inherited farmers plundered the Unterzell Monastery. In 1562, under Prince-Bishop Friedrich von Wirsberg , it came under the administration of the Prince-Bishops of the Würzburg Monastery .
After an eventful history, the Oberzell monastery had its heyday under Abbot Oswald Loschert (1747 to 1785). Balthasar Neumann , the famous master builder of the Würzburg Residence, created the new baroque building. After Neumann's death, the staircase was completed under the direction of his sons in 1760, but the abbey building remained without a wing facing the church.
St. Michael Monastery Church
Nave
altar
Mansion
The little castle on the monastery wall from 1812/13.
Until the secularization in 1803 it was the only Premonstratensian monastery in Franconia with the rank of an abbey. The abbey was dissolved in 1803 in the course of secularization and the last abbot, Christoph Kroh , resigned with a pension. The church was profaned and the library was given to the University of Würzburg . The entire monastery property was expropriated: 90 acres of vineyards, 637 acres of meadows, 22 acres of gardens, 8,180 acres of forest, the farms and houses in Waldbrunn, Moos , Eßfeld and Würzburg. Most of Onghers' pictures from the picture gallery have been lost, the furniture has been scattered and even some of the documents and manuscripts have been lost.
Secular period from 1803 to 1900
In 1812/13 the so-called Schlösschen was built with rare architecture, enthroned on the monastery wall above the Main. It belongs to the epoch of classicism , a sub-form of revolutionary architecture . The little castle comes from the architect Peter Speeth . The builder was Joel Jakob Hirsch (1789 to 1876). The Jewish banker had the castle built as a summer residence .
In 1817 Friedrich Koenig and Andreas Friedrich Bauer set up a printing machine factory in the monastery building. This company, Koenig & Bauer , Würzburg, has a worldwide reputation today.
New monastic life since 1901
On July 2, 1901, the Congregation of the Holy Childhood of Jesus , founded in 1854 by Antonia Werr (1813–1868) under the direction of the then Superior General Sister M. Philomena Wenninger, acquired the monastery, whose estate, the "Schlösschen", Werr had already rented. The purchase price was 400,000 marks, half of which was to be paid immediately, the other half after seven years. The restoration of the church began on August 27, 1903. Important artists, such as Franz Wilhelm Driesler from Würzburg , created furnishing elements for the church. On July 28, 1905, the church was able to serve its original purpose again. In 1924, Balthasar Neumann's building became the motherhouse of the Zeller Sisters , an apostolic Franciscan women's community .
Monastery study
The monastery took part in the monastery study . According to the results, nuns and women of the general population live almost equally long, closely followed by monks , who have an average life expectancy of one to two years shorter than both groups of women. Well behind are men of the general population who live an average of six years shorter than nuns and women of the general population and up to four and a half years shorter than monks.
Herb garden
The herb garden laid out by Sister Leandra Ulsamer in 1990 gained national fame through numerous television reports and press reports. With around 100 different plants, the garden is one of the largest monastery gardens in Germany. Since it was founded in 1999, there has been a permanent collaboration with the Würzburg Research Group on Monastery Medicine .
See also
literature
- Helmut Flachenecker , Wolfgang Weiß (ed.): Oberzell. From the Premonstratensian Foundation (until 1803) to the motherhouse of the Congregation of the Servants of the Holy Childhood of Jesus. (Sources and research on the history of the diocese and bishopric of Würzburg, vol. LXII). Ferdinand Schöningh, Würzburg 2006.
- Johannes Schuck: Oberzell Monastery. Creation and development of the Congregation of the Servants of the Holy Childhood of Jesus as a contribution to the history of Caritas. Echter-Verlag, Würzburg 1932.
Web links
- Web presence of the Zeller sisters
- From the Oberzell herb garden
- Oberzell Abbey , basic data and history: Oberzell: Main Franconian Premonstratensian - machine factory - motherhouse in the database of monasteries in Bavaria in the House of Bavarian History
Individual evidence
- ↑ Unterzell in Zell am Main (Würzburg district)
- ↑ Josef Kern : A beginning and what became of it. Antonia Werr (1813–1868): Foundress of the Community of the Servants of St. Childhood of Jesus in Oberzell. Echter, Würzburg 1994
- ↑ Sybille Grübel: "A true Jesuit" - Antonia Werr and the Congregation of the Servants of the Holy Childhood of Jesus. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 450-452 and 1303 f.
- ↑ Marc Luy : Why women live longer . Findings from a comparison of the monastery and general population. In: Materials on Population Science . No. 106 . Federal Institute for Population Research , 2002, ISSN 0178-918X , DNB 965668789 ( bib-demografie.de [PDF; 1.5 MB ; accessed on December 6, 2015] Zugl. Diploma thesis 1998). online, PDF; 1.5 MB ( Memento of the original dated December 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Marc Luy in: Hella Ehlers, Heike Kahlert , Gabriele Linke, Dorit Raffel, Beate Rudlof, Heike Trappe (eds.): Gender difference - and no end? Social sciences and humanities contributions to gender research . 1st edition. tape 8 . LIT Verlag, Berlin / Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-8258-1647-6 , 10 years monastery study - knowledge gained and open questions about the causes of the different life expectancy of women and men, p. 251–273 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ The power of herbs. Die Welt , November 10, 2001
- ↑ Johannes Gottfried Mayer , Franz-Christian Czygan and Ulrike Bausewein (eds.): Würzburg - Herbipolis, city of gardens, plants and wine. Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2009. S. 96ff. ISBN 978-3-7954-2139-7
- ↑ Healing from God's herb garden. Frankfurter Rundschau , August 13, 2010
- ^ Monastery medicine rediscovered. ( Memento from July 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Church in Bavaria , July 2013.
