Reinfeld Monastery
Reinfeld Monastery | |
---|---|
location |
Germany Schleswig-Holstein |
Coordinates: | 53 ° 49 '55.4 " N , 10 ° 28' 45.6" E |
Serial number according to Janauschek |
493 |
founding year | 1186 |
Year of dissolution / annulment |
1582 |
Mother monastery | Loccum Monastery |
Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
Daughter monasteries |
no |
Reinfeld Monastery (Purus campus) was a Cistercian monastery in Reinfeld in Holstein .
history
Reinfeld Monastery was founded in 1186 at the instigation of Count Adolf III. Holstein by Cistercian monks from the monastery Loccum as a monastery Reynevelde founded. On May 10, 1189, Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa signed a charter in Regensburg. In November 1190, the first abbot Hartmannus moved into the temporary monastery with 12 monks; the final church was probably not consecrated until 1236.
Thanks to the foresight of its abbots, the monastery quickly developed into one of the richest and most respected monasteries in northern Germany with extensive land holdings extending to the Baltic states and valuable holdings in the Lüneburg salt works . Around 1440 there were 60 fratres (52 priests and 8 lay brothers) in the monastery. The monks created numerous ponds, which they used for carp breeding . The up to 60 carp ponds at that time were not enough to cover the monastery’s fish needs, so that larger quantities of sea fish had to be bought from Lübeck to supply the monks . The rich monastery had a town house / farm in neighboring Lübeck, the residence Im Reinfeld , located on the Obertrave between Marlesgrube and Dankwartsgrube . It also had some political influence, as the abbot was commissioned by the Lübeck bishops and the Holstein dukes to notarize contracts.
Around 1440 Abbot Friedrich wrote the Abbot's Mirror ( Speculum Abbatis ).
During the count's feud in 1534 the monastery was sacked by the Lübeck general Marx Meyer . In 1554, Abbot Otto obtained a letter of protection from the Emperor against the Reformation . But in 1567 several villages belonging to the monastery (Woldenhorn (today's Ahrensburg ), Ahrensfelde, Meilsdorf and Bünningstedt) were left to field captain Daniel Rantzau . In 1582 the monastery itself was handed over to Duke Hans the Younger under Abbot Johann Kule and secularized. The Duke had the monastery buildings torn down and a princely palace built on the same site between 1599 and 1604. The Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg used the remains of the monastery complex as building material. The handsome monastery church was completely destroyed in 1635 when the dam in the dammed Herrenteich pond broke. In its place, a much smaller church was built on the Eichberg in 1636, safe from flooding.
The monastery maintained a town courtyard in Lübeck on the Obertrave . This was demolished in 1938 for the construction of an air raid shelter. However, the bunker building took on forms of the old building.
Abbots
- Hartmannus, 1190–
- Hartwich von Reventlow, –1380 (grave slab at the Matthias Claudius Church)
- Hildebrand, –1483 (grave slab in the north chapel)
- Johann IV., –1498 (grave slab in the north chapel)
- Marquard, -1506 (grave slab in the north chapel)
- Georgius, –1508 (grave slab at the Matthias Claudius Church)
- Theodoric, –1526 (grave slab in the north chapel)
- Paulus, –1541 (grave slab at the Matthias Claudius Church)
- Johann Kule, –1582
See also
literature
- PH i. e. Peter Hansen : Brief, reliable news from the Holstein-Plönische Landen, with the story of the ... monasteries Arensböck and Reinfeld ... also being communicated. Plön: JC Wehrt, 1759 digitized , British Library
- Martin Schröter: Reinfeld Monastery. A spiritual institution in the vicinity of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck (1186 / 90-1582) . 2 volumes. Edited by State Archives Schleswig-Holstein Society for Schleswig-Holstein History, 2012
- Martin Schröter: Phases of the history of ownership of the Reinfeld Monastery (1186/90 - 1582) , in: Analecta Cisterciensia 65 (2015), pp. 33–52.
- Dieter-Jürgen Mehlhorn: Monasteries and monasteries in Schleswig-Holstein: 1200 years of history, architecture and art. 2007, p. 124ff.
Web links
- History on reinfeldonline
- Reinfeld monastery in the monastery project of the University of Kiel
- Abbots of Reinfeld