Riechenberg Monastery
The Riechenberg Monastery is a historic monastery complex on the western outskirts of Goslar . The most important part of the building is the Romanesque crypt of the demolished collegiate church. The monastery property is subordinate to the monastery chamber Hanover . The Protestant brotherhood Gethsemanekloster lives in the Riechenberg monastery .
history
The monastery with the patronage of the Blessed Mother Mary was founded in 1117. Petrus , subdeacon to St. Simon and Jude , and his family from the Goslar patriciate , who owned the lands, are named as founders . Instead of following the Rule of St. Benedict , as originally planned, the monastery became known as Augustinian canons - pin out. Under the important provost Gerhard (around 1126–1150), Riechenberg had supra-regional importance. Gerhard was provost of St. Georg Goslar and St. Peter and Paul Heiningen at the same time . He reformed Steterburg and founded the parish church in Hahndorf . He was closely related to Emperor Lothar III. and later to Henry the Lion , which gave the monastery an increase in importance and territory. Shortly before his death in 1150, the crypt, which has been preserved to this day, was completed, and in 1173 the entire collegiate church.
The following centuries were characterized by further property growth through foundations, but also by competition and disputes with the neighboring Goslarer Georgsstift and by mismanagement. In 1278 a fire damaged the buildings. In 1429 Riechenberg became part of the Windesheim Reform Congregation , which brought about a new economic and cultural prosperity.
As a result of the Hildesheim collegiate feud , Riechenberg became Brunswick like the surrounding area in 1527 . Duke Heinrich II expanded the monastery complex into a fortress against the imperial city of Goslar and set up a mint in it . In 1552, after the Riechenberg contract was signed between him and the city of Goslar, he moved the mint to the Vitushof in Goslar, which was part of the monastery (see the Lichttaler ). After Heinrich II's death, Riechenberg became Lutheran in 1569 . As a result of the restoration of the Hildesheim monastery within the old borders, Riechenberg came under the rule of the prince-bishop again in 1643, was re-Catholicized and settled again with Canons from Windesheim. In the following decades, the buildings were restored and the interior fittings were given a Baroque style .
The end of the monastery is associated with the name of the provost Wilhelm de la Tour , whose tenure began in 1762. He was also provost of the Goslar cathedral monastery. Through oversized building projects and lavish court life, he ruined Riechenberg's finances and at the same time fell out with the convent of canons. In 1774 he escaped the prince-bishop's soldiers who were supposed to arrest him and fled to Hamburg. He left the monastery insolvent. It was disbanded in 1794. Only four canons remained in Riechenberg as pastors and teachers. With the secularization of 1803 the monastery property passed into Prussian , after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 into Hanoverian property and became part of the Hanover Monastery Fund. The baroque church furnishings were brought to the Goslar Jakobikirche , which had been handed over to the Catholic community in 1803. In 1816 the Propsteig building burned down. In 1818 the Romanesque collegiate church was demolished for the extraction of building material.
In 1988 the monastery chamber began to prepare Riechenberg for a Protestant brotherhood and as a place for set-up times . The remaining convent buildings were made habitable, the remains of the collegiate church were conserved, and the crypt was carefully restored.
building
The Romanesque crypt of Riechenberg is one of the most beautiful of its kind in northern Germany. It is a three-aisled hall crypt with rich figural stone carvings on columns and fighters .
Parts of the west and north walls, the north arm of the transept and the choir have been preserved from the former collegiate church. The sacristy is developed as a chapel.
Guided tours of the church ruins and the crypt from May to October on Tuesdays at 15 o'clock from the gate in the south wall ( Rose Gate ) made possible (as of 2015).
literature
- Günther Borchers: The church of the former Riechenberg monastery . ( Contributions to the history of the city of Goslar , issue 15). Goslar 1955.
- Hans Werner Dannowski : "Longing for God" The Riechenberg Monastery . In: Klosterfahrten: between Harz and Heide, Weser and Leine , Hanover 2003, pp. 131–144, ISBN 3-87706-696-8 ( partially digitized)
- Nicolaus Heutger : The Riechenberg Monastery near Goslar in the past and present . In: Lower Saxony Order Houses and Foundations, Berlin 2009, pp. 208–220, ISBN 978-3-86732-038-2 ( partial digitization )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ In older writings and maps also Rieffenberg , Reifenberg ( 1 ; 2 )
- ^ Nicolaus Heutger : Lower Saxony religious houses and monasteries . Berlin 2009, p. 210
- ↑ coingallery:
- ^ Information at the south gate
Coordinates: 51 ° 55 ′ 25.2 ″ N , 10 ° 24 ′ 0.2 ″ E