Scharnebeck Monastery
| Scharnebeck Monastery | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
|
|
| location |
 Germany Lower Saxony |
| Coordinates: | 53 ° 17 '34.9 " N , 10 ° 30' 39.3" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
636 |
| Patronage | St. Mary |
| founding year | 1243 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1531 |
| Mother monastery | Hardehausen Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The Scharnebeck Monastery is located in Scharnebeck, northeast of the city of Lüneburg in Lower Saxony . The Cistercian monastery was founded in Steinbeck in 1243 as the Domus St. Mariae monastery and the monks moved to Scharnebeck in 1253. The monastery was dissolved by the Reformation as early as 1531 . The monastery church of St. Marien, which was later heavily modified, has served as a Protestant church since then .
history
In 1243 monks from the Hardehausen monastery set out for Steinbeck an der Luhe to establish a monastery there. The actual foundation of the local monastery , however, falls in the year 1244. The new convent will probably have lived and prayed in log houses there. Because Duke Otto I of Braunschweig-Lüneburg gave the brothers a farm in Scharnebeck near Lüneburg and other goods, they moved there on January 19, 1253.
After the Landtag of Scharnebeck, Duke Ernst the Confessor had the Principality of Lüneburg reformed on April 18, 1527 , and the monastery lost its political and economic importance. Abbot Heinrich Radbrock transferred the management of the monastery property to the sovereign on July 12, 1529. The monastery was dissolved in a ceremony on October 23, 1531. Part of the building was rededicated as a palace and office building, and the church was used by the Protestant community from now on. Most of the last monks became teachers or sextons in the vicinity. The prior received assets from the monastery in Bardowick , the abbot moved to his birthplace in Lüneburg, where he became the first Protestant city superintendent .
In 1712 the old monastery church was demolished because it was in great danger of collapsing. This was due to a lack of construction maintenance and the effects of the Thirty Years War . State master builder Caspar Borchmann arranged for part of the choir to be preserved. When the vaulted ceiling had already been torn down to the windows, it was his idea to close the choir with a flat ceiling and to add a simple church room. At Pentecost 1724 this new building could be consecrated under its old name St. Marien.
The church
Some things from the time of the monastery are still preserved in the church today. A sandstone statue of the Madonna from the early 14th century still shows its high quality despite slight damage. In 1962, various remains of liturgical seating were rearranged. A three-seat seat has two openwork side cheeks of excellent quality, in whose vine and fig tendrils pairs of animals are inserted in an ornamental-heraldic arrangement. The intermediate cheeks of the current composition, as well as the simpler cheeks of today's two-seat, probably come from the former choir stalls. The cheeks of today's four-seat also belong to it. In his reliefs David and Goliath as well as Gideon and the angel ( Ri 6,22 EU ) are shown. The dating of the furniture varies between 1330 and 1380. Both ensembles are closely related to the three seat in Verden Cathedral .
literature
- Daniel Ludwig Wallis : Outline of the Reformation history of Lüneburg and contributions to the history of the churches, monasteries, chapels and schools of the city, also news of the evangelical secular festivals, herald and electoral staff, Lüneburg 1831 digitized
- Günter Schulze: Heinrich Radbrock: The last abbot of the Cistercian monastery in Scharnebeck and the first superintendent of Lüneburg - 1479 to 1536 , 1990.
Web links
- Ev. Lutheran parish of St. Marien Scharnebeck.
- Description of Scharnebeck Monastery on the Lower Saxony monastery map of the Institute for Historical Research
- Ina Freiwald: In the footsteps of the Scharnebeck monks in the state newspaper of May 9, 2018
Individual evidence
- ^ The late dating around 1370–80 by Willi Meyne ( The medieval stalls in the church at Scharnebeck , in: Lüneburger Blätter 13, 1962, p. 25ff.) Was published in Dehio (Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Lower Saxony and Bremen, Munich 1992, p. 1163), obviously without knowledge of the arguments of Alfred Löhr ( The choir stalls in the cathedral in Bremen, contributions to Low German sculpture around the middle of the 14th century , unprinted dissertation Freiburg 1972, p. 107-109 ), which, because of the close motivic and stylistic dependency on the three seat in Verden Cathedral, which was built around 1323, suggests "around 1330–40" for the three-seat and "around 1350" for the cheeks for reasons of costume history. - Gisbert Portmann gives a theological and iconographic interpretation of the representations: Choir stalls in nunneries and monasteries of the Cistercian order , in: Dirk Schumann (Ed.): Sachkultur und Religious Praxis (= Studies on the History and Culture of the Cistercians, Vol. 8), Berlin : Lukas-Verlag, 2007, pp. 138–148.