Knotty burdock chervil

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Knotty burdock chervil
Knotty burdock chervil (Torilis nodosa)

Knotty burdock chervil ( Torilis nodosa )

Systematics
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Tribe : Scandiceae
Genre : Bristle umbels ( Torilis )
Type : Knotty burdock chervil
Scientific name
Torilis nodosa
( L. ) Gaertn.

The nodular burdock chervil ( Torilis nodosa ), also known as a ball of burdock chervil , is a species of the genus bristle umbels ( Torilis ) within the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava ... , Volume 7
Whole plant
Herable copy

Vegetative characteristics

The gnarled burdock chervil grows as a one to two year old herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 15 to 50 centimeters. The stem is prostrate to ascending. The leaves are two to three pinnate. The leaf sections are oval and pointed.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from April to September. The clumped double- gold inflorescences are apparently leaf- opposite . The flower stalks are short. The inflorescence is absent, the envelope consists of subtle leaflets. The umbellate rays are so short that they are completely covered by flowers or fruits and the inflorescence appears like a head. The double achane is 2.5 to 3 millimeters long, the outer part of the fruit is provided with straight, barbed, strong spines, the inner one is only warty.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22 or 24.

Occurrence

Knotty burdock chervil ( Torilis nodosa )

The gnarled burdock occurs in the Mediterranean area, its area extends eastward to Afghanistan and northward to the Southern Alps . It also inhabits coastal areas on the Atlantic and the North Sea northwards to Denmark. Its main area of ​​distribution is the Mediterranean area; in Central Europe it probably only gained a foothold a few hundred years ago. The reasons for this are unknown.

Its original distribution area includes the countries Portugal, Spain, France, Corsica, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Bulgaria, Crete, Romania, Ukraine, Ireland, Great Britain, Belgium, Netherlands, Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and the Caucasus area. In the Canary Islands, the originality is doubtful. In Germany the species is a neophyte.

In Central Europe, the gnarled burdock grows on the North Sea coast, preferably on the inland side of the sea ​​dunes ; Sand areas that are further inland are usually not populated there. It is rarely found on stony wasteland at the foot of the southern Alps , otherwise it occurs only sporadically and mostly inconsistently. In the Mediterranean area, the species occurs particularly in weed communities of the Hordeion association. In Central Europe it is one of the Sisymbrion societies.

The knotty burdock thrives best on dry, loose, nitrogen-containing or nitrogen-rich soils , which can be loamy , sandy or stony and fairly poor in fine soil .

literature

  • Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Rothmaler : Excursion flora from Germany . 20th revised edition, Vascular Plants Baseline, 2011, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 4: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Rosidae): Haloragaceae to Apiaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3315-6 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2nd revised edition 1994, 2000, Volume 3, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Torilis nodosa (L.) J. Gaertn., Knäuel-Klettenkerbel. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh Kosmos Verlag Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 . P. 84.
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  704 .
  4. ↑ a b Torilis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 19, 2018.
  5. ^ R. Hand (2011): Apiaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Torilis

Web links

Commons : Knotted burdock ( Torilis nodosa )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files