Head cabbage
The head cabbage ( Brassica oleracea convar. Capitata L. ), also called cabbage for short , is a cultivated form ( Convarietät ) of the vegetable cabbage ( Brassica oleracea ) from the genus Cabbage ( Brassica ).
Voted “ Vegetable of the Year ” 2006 in Germany by the Association for the Preservation of Crop Diversity eV (VEN) , it can also be found in the coat of arms of the city of Metzingen .
features
The head cabbage is originally a perennial , herbaceous plant , in fact it is two years old. The leaves are alternate . In the first year, the tightly closed leaf rosettes form the basal head (a compressed stem axis), the leaves are fleshy and lobed.
- When cabbage the outer leaves are coated with wax and yellow-green.
- When cabbage leaves are due to anthocyanins dyed reddish purple.
- The head of the pointed cabbage is conical and the leaves are yellow-green.
- When cabbage leaves are curled frizzy and green.
In the second year, the head dissolves, and bloom shoots 1.5 to 2 meters high, bluish frosted and branched at the top form. The stem leaves are stalked, often lyre-shaped pinnate or undivided, the upper ones are sessile, elongated or linear and usually with entire margins . The flowers are arranged in loose clusters . The four petals are yellow. The flowering period extends from May to September. The fruits are cylindrical pods .
origin
The head cabbage is derived from the vegetable cabbage . Cabbage was first grown in the Mediterranean area , the oldest written evidence comes from Greek and Roman antiquity , and Pliny was already familiar with several types of cabbage. Back then there were only varieties of loose leaf cabbage and none with closed heads. Cabbage has only been grown in Central Europe since the Middle Ages (9th to 15th centuries). Head cabbage has probably been around since the 11th or 12th century at the latest. Numerous types of cabbage are listed in herbal books dating from the 16th century, including white and red cabbage.
supporting documents
- Klaus Becker, Stefan John: Color atlas useful plants in Central Europe . Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-4134-5 .
Web links
Broad bean (1998/1999) | Garden report (2000) | Tomato (2001) | Bottle gourd (2002) | Potato (2003) | Grain Bean (2004) | Chicory , Endive (2005) | Head cabbage (2006) | Garden salads (2007/2008) | Peas (2009/2010) | Parsnip (2011/2012) | Allium species (2013/2014) | Chilli and paprika (2015/2016) | Turnip (2017/2018) | Cucumber (2019/2020)