Kollegienkirche (Jena)

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Collegium Jenense and former monastery church around 1600, view from the northeast
Kollegienkirche and adjoining buildings around 1920, view from the southwest

The Kollegienkirche in Jena was the university church of the University of Jena until it was destroyed in World War II . Before the Reformation it was the monastery church of the Jena Dominican monastery . Their patronage was St. Paul .

history

monastery

The monastery of the Order of Preachers in Jena was founded or renovated in 1286 by the brothers Albert and Hermann von Lobdeburg in the southwest corner of the walled city rectangle. The monastery church corresponded to the type of the unadorned and towerless Gothic mendicant order church with only one aisle on the north side and a three-bay , polygonally closing choir in the east. The income of the convent included the income from a vineyard. In 1506 the prior Johannes Oerter had a water pipe laid in the city and the monastery. In 1524 there were still 30 monks living in the monastery.

The dissolution of the Dominican settlement began with the Peasants' War in 1525, when many monks left the monastery. In the same year, the magistrate Sebastian Wölner inventoried the movable property of the Jena churches and monasteries on behalf of Friedrich the Wise and noted for the Dominican monastery:

“ The Paul monks put 400 florins in money and coins before the riot themselves at the council and promised the council that they should pay them 16 florins interest every year for the four years. 180 fl. Are answered in the riot on the town hall, by the citizens and residents who stormed the monks and the monastery. Report of the council, they should have used money for the Heerfarth, sent the mercenaries into the army ”.

One of the remaining conventuals, Caspar Busch , became a Lutheran pastor in Isserstedt in 1540 ; one died in 1545. The last three were compensated with a pension in 1548 when the Collegium Jenense was founded in the convent buildings.

Collegium and University

Johann Friedrich I of Saxony lost large parts of his territory in 1547 as a result of the Schmalkaldic War , including Wittenberg with its university. As a replacement, he planned a new state university in Jena. The Dominican monastery was selected for this and, after modest beginnings, it was fundamentally rebuilt in 1557/58. The church was divided into 36 living rooms for students with false ceilings and partition walls. A stair tower in the Renaissance style was added to the west .

Under the theology professor and superintendent Georg Mylius , the church was restored from 1592 to 1595 for church services and ceremonial acts of the university and as a burial place for professors. In this function, also as a homiletic practice room, the church was used in the following centuries.

The church was thoroughly renovated between 1673 and 1683. For the re-inauguration, the Jena historian Caspar Sagittarius wrote a Latin monograph on the history of the church and its grave monuments.

During the air raids on Jena in the spring of 1945, the Kollegienkirche was destroyed except for a few parts of the outer wall. The church was no longer intended for the post-war development of the college district.

Luther epitaph

In 1571, Johann Wilhelm von Sachsen-Weimar decided to give the bronze Luther epitaph originally intended for the Wittenberg Castle Church to the “successor” of Luther's University, the University of Jena. The university church was intended as the installation site, but it was still in profane use, so that the epitaph was first and finally installed in the Michaeliskirche .

Antependium

In 2015, an embroidered antependium from the Kollegienkirche, which had reached the USA during the war and was used by a Lutheran congregation in Dearborn , was returned to the University of Jena.

Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 40.3 "  N , 11 ° 35 ′ 5.5"  E

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Both statements can be found in the old sources (Zenker p. 39).
  2. ↑ quoted from Zenker p. 40
  3. ↑ Reconstruction of the church (with floor plan)
  4. ↑ The University Church
  5. ↑ on this in detail Sagittarius (lat.)
  6. ↑ s. Lit.
  7. ↑ Return of an altar cloth from the USA to the Collegiate Church in Jena ( Memento of the original from December 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (germany.info, June 15, 2015) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.germany.info

Web links

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