County floor

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Territories of the three privileged Transylvanian estates:
  • Szekler
  • Transylvanian Saxony - Königsboden according to the law of the Golden Charter
  • noble county soil
    • Hungarian nobleman from Transylvania

    Komitatsboden (also Adelsboden ) is a name for the areas in Transylvania that were subordinate to the Hungarian nobility and clergy and in which medieval feudal structures prevailed until the middle of the 19th century. The term is often used in connection with the difficult living conditions of the serf farmers who lived in these areas.

    history

    In medieval Transylvania, three privileged estates (also known as nations - Unio Trium Nationum , 1438), the Szeklers , the (Transylvanian) Saxons and the Hungarian nobility shared political power. The three estates also had separate legal and administrative areas. While all Szekler in the Szeklerland (Hungarian: Székelyföld ) and Saxony had extensive privileges on the royal soil , the farmers on the county soil (with legal gradations) were completely obedient. A large number of Transylvanian-Saxon farmers also lived on the county floor. While their social situation in the 13th and 14th centuries was still comparable to that on Königsboden, it deteriorated considerably as the burden of taxes and compulsory labor increased. In 1514, plaice binding was even introduced on the county floor. In 1783, Emperor Josef II abolished hereditary serfdom and thus the bondage, but not the duties and services for the landlord. The complete abolition of serfdom on county soil was only decided in 1848.

    Counties

    Counties (Hungarian vármegye , megye ) were regional administrative units in Transylvania and the Kingdom of Hungary (and still are in today's Hungary ). The Transylvanian county floor comprised in the Middle Ages:

    The privileged areas of the Saxons and Szekler, Königsboden and Szeklerland, were not divided into counties but into districts and chairs .

    In 1876 the historic Transylvanian counties were reformed as part of an administrative reform of the Kingdom of Hungary. The new counties were created, which also included the Königsboden and the Szeklerland , which were dissolved in the course of this reform:

    literature

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    See also