Kröppelstrasse

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Kröppelstrasse
coat of arms
Street in Braunschweig
Kröppelstrasse
The eastern part of Kröppelstraße seen from the south tower of the Andreaskirche.
Basic data
place Braunschweig
District Neustadt
Hist. Names partwete , de twete
Cross streets Old scales, Reichsstrasse
Places Wool market
Buildings Andrew Church , Liberei
use
User groups Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic
Gable of St. Andrew's Church with the alleged cripples at the feet of Jesus.
Watercolor by Ludwig Tackes from 1855: Kröppelstraße with Liberei on the right edge of the picture.
Photo from 1893: View from Kröppelstrasse to the Andreas Church.
Row of houses in Kröppelstrasse in 1895.

The Kröppelstraße is located in Braunschweig in the precincts of Neustadt . Although the street already existed in the Middle Ages , it is documented with this name for the first time on a map from 1671.

history

The Kröppelstraße runs directly south of the Andreas Church in an east-west direction and connects the Reichsstraße in the east with the Wollmarkt in the west.

Origin or interpretation of the name

In 1357 a resident "bi dere tweten , as me to sunte Andrease gheyt bi de perners hove" was mentioned. In 1451 the street was called “partwete”, between 1472 and 1501 it was only called “de twete”. The row of houses opposite the Liberei , which is still located today in Kröppelstrasse, was named "tigen de libereye to sunte Andrease" in 1422, the year construction began on the Liberei. In the following centuries numerous names that differed from one another followed.

Both the origin and the meaning of today's street name are unclear and have given rise to speculation for centuries. Conjectures suggest that it is derived from a legend reported by the Braunschweig chronicler Hermann Bote in his Shigt-Bôk der Stad Brunswyk published in 1515 . According to this, the founding of St. Andrew's Church, located directly on Kröppelstrasse, is said to go back to 1230 by wealthy merchants who were resident in this street, but suffered from severe physical ailments, and who were referred to as " cripples ". Bote wrote: "Unde de kerken in oren anhevende hebben begunt to buwende de koplude, that was kroppel ...". According to Bote, this interpretation should be supported by the fact that there is a representation of crippled people at the feet of Jesus in a gable painting on the south side of the church. Carl Schiller , founder and first honorary director of the Braunschweig Municipal Museum , repeated this interpretation in his work "The medieval architecture of Braunschweig and its immediate surroundings", published in 1852.

In his work "The Street Names of the City of Braunschweig", published in 1904, Meyer rejects this point of view and denies the truthfulness of Bote's statements. In addition, he contradicts Bote's point of view regarding the representation in the church gable. According to Meyer, these are merely poorly executed handicrafts from the 15th century. Dorn agrees with the work published in 1978 and also comes to the conclusion that the crippled or deformed-looking personages are the result of the effects of weathering or bad building material.

Nevertheless, Meyer does not deny that Bote's depiction of legend could have persuaded the vernacular to rename the street accordingly. The "Kröppelstraße" is mentioned in writing for the first time in 1671. The entire street only seems to have been given this name since 1753.

Development

Until it was almost completely destroyed in World War II , the buildings consisted almost exclusively of half-timbered houses , all of which were on the south side of the street. Only the Liberei, begun in 1422, and St. Andrew's Church were made of stone and are located on the north side. The Liberei is also the only brick Gothic building preserved in Braunschweig . At the north-west end of Kröppelstraße is the church (from the 12th / 13th century), at its south-west end the old scale, which was only reconstructed between 1991 and 1994 after it was completely destroyed (originally built in 1534).

Destruction and rebuilding

The half-timbered buildings on Kröppelstrasse were badly damaged by bombing during the Second World War or completely destroyed by the fire storm that lasted several days and caused the bombing of October 15, 1944 . Only the heavily damaged stone buildings Liberei and Andreaskirche could be restored from the 1950s. The old scale, which was also completely destroyed, was reconstructed from 1991 to 1994.

"The Hunger Pastor"

The writer Wilhelm Raabe , who lived in Braunschweig for the last 40 years of his life, lets his novel Der Hungerpastor u. A. play on Kröppelstraße in the fictional "Neustadt".

literature

Web links

Commons : Kröppelstraße  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Heinrich Meier: The street names of the city of Braunschweig , p. 62
  2. ^ A b c Heinrich Meier: The street names of the city of Braunschweig , p. 61
  3. ↑ Carl Schiller : The medieval architecture of Braunschweig and its immediate surroundings , Braunschweig 1852, p. 97 ( https://publikationsserver.tu-braunschweig.de/receive/dbbs_mods_00022898 )
  4. ↑ Reinhard Dorn : Medieval Churches in Braunschweig , Hameln 1978, ISBN 3-87585-043-2 , p. 208
  5. ↑ Manfred RW Garzmann (ed.): The old balance in the Braunschweiger Neustadt. Excavation findings, history of the Neustadt area, reconstruction and design of the square . Städtisches Museum, Braunschweig 1993 (= Braunschweiger Werkstücke, series A , vol. 87).
  6. ^ Wilhelm Raabe : The hunger pastor in the Gutenberg-DE project

Coordinates: 52 ° 16 '4.3 "  N , 10 ° 31' 14.1"  E