Krasiński Palace (Ursynów)
| Krasiński Palace | ||
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| Creation time : | 1775 | |
| Castle type : | palace | |
| Conservation status: | Reconstructed | |
| Place: | Warsaw | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 9 '52.6 " N , 21 ° 3' 1.6" E | |
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The Krasiński Palace in Warsaw 's Ursynów district (Polish: Pałac Krasińskich na Ursynowie ) is a small palace in the neo-renaissance style. It lies directly on the slope of the Vistula embankment , gave its name to one of the largest districts of Warsaw and today serves as the seat of the rector of the Warsaw University of Agriculture .
history
On April 28, 1775, Józef de Maisonneuve, colonel of the troops of the Polish crown , was given an area near the existing Służew estate by Prince August Aleksander Czartoryski , the lord of Wilanów . Maisonneuve had to undertake to immediately fence in this area and to pay 250 złoty annually to the Służewer Manor belonging to the Wilanów estate. The area was known as Rozkosz, in 1777 a country house with farm buildings, built by Maisonneuve, stood here. In 1784 he passed his rights to land and buildings to Joanna Sapieha , b. Sulkowska, who in turn transferred these rights to Stanisław Kostka Potocki in 1785 .
Under the Potockis
The Potocki had the brick building rebuilt under Chrystian Piotr Aigner from 1785 to 1786 . It was given the classicist shape of a one-story pavilion with a portico at the front resting on four columns . Small outbuildings were built on both sides of this palace, including for the kitchen. A stables and a coach house were also built . The Potocki family used Rozkosz as a country residence.
In 1799 Grzegorz Wykowski acquired the property and sold it to Ignacy Kochanowski a short time later. The poet Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz bought the property from him in 1822 . He named the property "Ursynów" after an old nickname of his family. The existing structure was renovated under him. After the November Uprising was put down, the entire property was confiscated. The owner emigrated. From 1832 to 1840 the Warsaw doctor Wilhelm Malcz leased the property. After Aleksander Potocki became the heir to the owner of the facility, he passed it on to his partner Aleksandra Stokowska, née. Markowska.
Among the Krasińskis
Eliza Krasińska acquired the property around 1867. She decided to build a residence there for herself and her husband, the poet Zygmunt Krasiński . The design came from Zygmunt Rozpędowski, the construction work took place between 1858 and 1860. However, Krasiński died in 1859, so the couple never moved into the new palace together. In the year of completion, the widow married the younger Ludwik Krasiński, who took care of the administration of her significant fortune. Until his death in 1895 he developed the property in Ursynów. Then it fell to Adam Krasiński, the Majorate Lord of Opinogóra and nephew of the late Zygmunt Krasiński. In 1906 Adam Krasiński donated the property to the Seminary for Folk Teachers (Polish: Polska Macierz Szkolna ).
School establishment
The residence was badly damaged in the First World War . In 1915, retreating Russian troops cleared the park - it was never reconstructed. In the Second World War , the previously rebuilt but poorly preserved palace was not further affected. Especially the terraces and stairs on the Vistula embankment were in poor condition. Until the end of the war, the head teacher seminar was in use of the building, after which it was for a short time the seat of the horticultural school . In 1949 it was decided to build the Central School of State Machine Stations and Production Cooperatives in the area of the property . In addition to the existing buildings, student dormitories, classrooms, canteens and auditoriums were built between 1950 and 1952 . The large auditorium (“crystal auditorium”) was designed by the painters Leokadia Bielska-Tworkowska and Maria Wolska-Berezowska. In 1956 the entire complex was handed over to the Warsaw Agricultural University , which is still based here today.
architecture
The palace built under Rozpędowski included the previous building by Aigner. The two-story neo-renaissance style building he built is regular and symmetrical, albeit of a complicated shape. It was built on a cast iron construction. It is an elongated rectangular core structure with a central and two side projections on the front . On the back, the shortened core structure has two short side wings. This side of the garden facing the embankment has a central terrace instead of a central projection, which is covered by a large balcony on the first floor. The balcony is supported by four pairs of iron columns.
The sculptures were made by Juliusz Faustyn Cengler . The gable triangle on the front is decorated with children's sculptures symbolizing the seasons. Busts of the Polish hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski , Stefan Czarniecki , Paweł Jan Sapieha and Jan Amor Tarnowski were also placed on the front facade . Statues of the goddesses Fortuna and Ceres stand in niches in the side projections . The garden facade was decorated with busts of the queens Wanda , Dobrava , Hedwig and Barbara .
The 15 meter high embankment to the glacial valley was integrated into the park and designed with terraces and stairs. The park was one of the most important in the area. Today the terraces and stairs have fallen into disrepair and the park below the embankment is covered by an overgrown forest. The previous park structures are no longer recognizable. The palace is renovated.
References and comments
- ↑ Józef de Maisonneuve was a favorite of Czartoryski and a lover of his daughter Izabella Lubomirska
- ↑ According to Stanisław Lorentz, there is also the possibility that Izabella Czartoryska received the area as her father's wedding gift and sold it to Maisonneuve shortly after the wedding, according to Dariusz Bartoszewicz, see under web links
- ↑ January Fryderyk Wilhelm Malcz, Jan Fryderyk Wilhelm Malsch, (1795-1852) was a Polish physician and participant in the November Uprising
- ↑ Faustyn Juliusz Cengler (1828-1886) was a Polish sculptor
See also
literature
- Tadeusz S. Jaroszewski, Palaces and Residences in Warsaw , Interpress Publishing, ISBN 83-223-2049-3 , Warsaw 1985, p. 67ff.
Web links
- Dariusz Bartoszewicz, article Rozkosz, czyli pałac Krasińskich w Ursynowie in Gazeta.pl Warszawa of April 7, 2008 (in Polish)