Krystyna Wituska

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Memorial stele with bronze relief on the Gertraudenfriedhof in Halle (Saale)

Krystyna Wituska (born May 12, 1920 in Jeżew , Poland , † June 26, 1944 in Halle (Saale) ) was a Polish resistance fighter .

Plaque in the Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw

life and work

Krystyna Wituska was the daughter of a Polish landowner. She attended the monastery school in Poznan , then the Queen Jadwiga High School in Warsaw . The family had to leave the estate during the German occupation of Poland in 1940. Wituska joined the Armia Krajowa ( Polish Home Army ) in Warsaw, which was occupied by the Germans, and collected information about the locations of the Wehrmacht . On October 19, 1942, she was arrested by the Gestapo and taken to Berlin three days later . In police prison Alexanderplatz she sat for several weeks with Maria Terwiel in a cell, both a close friend to the execution Terwiels in Plötzensee prison in August 1943. Terwiel part of the environment of the Red Orchestra . The Reich Court Martial sentenced Krystyna Wituska to death on April 19, 1943 for espionage and preparation for high treason . She was held in Moabit prison until October 1943, and from November 1943 in the Roter Ochse prison in Halle (Saale) . On June 26, 1944, the guillotine was used to carry out the death sentence . Her body was given to the anatomy department of the University of Halle and later buried anonymously in the anatomy grave field at the Gertraudenfriedhof in Halle. Krystyna Wituska's prison letters were published in Poland in 1968; 1973 in Berlin for the first time.

Honors

  • The primary school in Małyń, in the immediate vicinity of Jerzew, his birthplace (30 km west of Łódź), bears her name
  • On March 18, 2010 she was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross of Poland
  • On the 70th anniversary of her death on June 26, 2014, a memorial in the form of a stele with her portrait was inaugurated at the Gertraudenfriedhof in Halle. Bernd Göbel created the memorial

Works

  • Time left for me Letters from death row . Translated from the Polish by Karin Wolff . Structure of the Taschenbuch Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-7466-1151-2 .
  • Time left for me Letters from prison. edited by Wanda Kiedrzyńska. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1973, ISBN 3-525-60613-3 .
  • I am first a human being: the prison letters of Krystyna Wituska translated and edited by Irene Tomaszewski. Vehicule Press, Montreal, Canada 1997, ISBN 1-55065-095-5 .

literature

  • Simone Trieder , Lars Skowronski: Cell No. 18. A story of courage and friendship . be.bra Verlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-89809-117-6 .
  • Simone Trieder: Wituska, Krystyna . In: Eva Labouvie (Ed.): Women in Saxony-Anhalt, Vol. 2: A biographical-bibliographical lexicon from the 19th century to 1945. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2019, ISBN 978-3-412-51145-6 , p. 445-446.

Web links

Commons : Krystyna Wituska  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. K. Wituska's page on memory traces Red Ox @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gedaechtnisspuren.de
  2. ↑ Joachim Scherrieble (Ed.): The Red Ox. Political Justice 1933–1945 . Chr. Links Verlag, Berlin 2008, pp. 250–253 Abstract of Wituska, ill. Death sentence
  3. ↑ http://www.sachsen-anhalt.de/index.php?id=31471 ( Memento from February 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Page of the Red Ox Memorial
  4. ↑ Na granicy życia i śmierci. Listy więzienne Krystyny ​​Wituskiej. red. W. Kiedrzyńska, Warszawa 1968.
  5. ↑ Krystyna Wituska: Time that still remains for me. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 1973.
  6. ↑ szkolamalyn.ubf.pl
  7. ↑ isap.sejm.gov.pl
  8. ↑ http://www.mz-web.de/halle-saalekreis/institut-fuer-anatomie-gedenken-opfer-der-ns-zeit-ort-der-erinnerung-auf-gertraudenfriedhof,20640778,27625362.html
personal data
SURNAME Wituska, Krystyna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish resistance fighter
DATE OF BIRTH May 12, 1920
PLACE OF BIRTH Jeżew , Poland
DATE OF DEATH June 26, 1944
Place of death Halle (Saale)