La Crosse encephalitis
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
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| A83.5 | California encephalitis |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The La Crosse encephalitis (synonyms: California meningitis , California meningoencephalitis . Acronym LAC) is a virus-induced encephalitis caused by mosquitoes is transmitted to humans. The disease is common in the United States.
Pathogen
| La Crosse Encephalitis Virus | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||||||||||
| La Crosse orthobunyavirus | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| LACV | ||||||||||||||||||||
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The La Crosse encephalitis virus (also simply La Crosse virus ) is a species of arboviruses (mosquito-borne viruses) of the genus Orthobunyavirus (family Peribunyaviridae ) in the order of the bunyaviruses . It was previously classified as a subspecies of the closely related California encephalitis orthobunyavirus , but is now considered a separate species according to ICTV ( International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ). According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the following subtypes are known (as of April 24, 2020):
- La Crosse virus L74
- La Crosse virus L78
Occurrence and transmission
The virus is absorbed by mosquitoes during a blood meal, the reservoir is made up of small mammals. The viruses absorbed in this way can be transmitted to humans by the mosquito with the next bite. The distribution area is mainly in Indiana, Wisconsin and Ohio, most diseases occur during the mosquito season from July to September. The virus was first isolated from mosquitoes in 1943 in Kern County , California . Male adolescents and children between the ages of four and fourteen often become ill. There are approximately 70 La Crosse encephalitis cases in the United States each year .
clinic
Headache and body aches, general feeling of illness, nausea, fever, meningeal irritation symptoms. The symptoms slowly subside over about 1 week. In half of the patients, however, a complex course develops: epileptic seizures and symptoms of paralysis occur, the seizures in particular are frequent. The symptoms usually improve in a few days. Long-term damage can occur (recurring seizures or epilepsy , personality changes, EEG changes).
therapy
There is no specific therapy or vaccination . Protection against mosquito bites day and night is recommended for travelers to endemic areas : repellants , mosquito nets , light-colored, long, closed clothing.
literature
- JE McJunkin et al. : La Crosse encephalitis in children. In: N Engl J Med. 2001 Mar 15; 344 (11), pp. 801-807. PMID 11248155
- RS Bennett, CM Cress, JM Ward, CY Firestone, BR Murphy, SS Whitehead: La Crosse virus infectivity, pathogenesis, and immunogenicity in mice and monkeys. In: Virol J. 5, February 11, 2008, p. 25. PMID 18267012
Individual evidence
- ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2 . MSL # 34, March 2019
- ↑ a b ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Akabane orthobunyavirus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ^ Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Possible Congenital Infection with La Crosse Encephalitis Virus - West Virginia, 2006-2007 . In: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report . 58, No. 1, January 2009, pp. 4-7. PMID 19145220 .
- ↑ Chun RW .: Clinical aspects of La Crosse encephalitis: neurological and psychological sequelae. In: Prog Clin Biol Res . tape 123 , 1983, pp. 193-201 .
