Ladislaus II.
Ladislaus II. (* 1131 ; † January 14, 1163 ) was the Hungarian rival king from July 1162 to January 14, 1163. His father was Béla II and his mother Ilona, daughter of the Serbian ruler Uroš I.
His father was not yet king when Ladislaus was born. The first account of Ladislaus appeared when his mother brought him to the Arad collection, hoping for the pity of the blind king. The collection ended in bloodbath.
Ladislaus, the second son of Béla, was made Prince of Bosnia in 1137 at the age of six . However, this title was purely formal; in fact, power was in the hands of the Bosnian Banes .
Struggle for power
The stories about Ladislaus are mostly about struggles for power.
In the times of Géza II the power of the king was still stable, there were no political groups in Hungary that could question the royal sovereignty. This situation changed significantly in the years after 1150. The younger generations of the Árpáder family received the title of prince, so they were entitled to the title of king. Some, on the other hand, were dissatisfied with the ongoing fighting. Such a group arose around Belos Ban, who had been loyal for 20 years, under whose leadership an unsuccessful uprising took place.
In 1157 Stephan (who later became Stephan IV ) rebelled , while Ladislaus rose in 1160. After the failure, they had to flee to the court of the Byzantine emperor Manuel I.
At that time Ladislaus was already a widower, but little is known about his wife. Manuel offered one of his daughters as a wife for Ladislaus, but he had to reject the offer because he feared that a Byzantine princess would cause resistance among his supporters.
His expectations were fulfilled when Géza II died on May 31, 1162 and Manuel supported Stephan IV with an army. The nobles of Hungary chose Ladislaus as king. Stephan IV became a duke, whose power expanded to a third of the country. (Previously the title Duke of Koloman was abolished in 1106.)
government
From 1158 Lukács, Archbishop of Gran, was at the head of the Hungarian Church . Lukács did not want to crown the applicant Ladislaus, instead, in 1162, Mikó, the archbishop of Kalocsa , crowned him . Ladislaus was then excommunicated by Lukács.
We have only limited data on the reign of Ladislaus. Although he was brought to the throne with Byzantine help, it cannot be proven that Ladislaus was a Byzantine vassal. The king probably had a significant internal base of power. This was also shown by the fact that Ladislaus did not attack his nephew Stephan, who fled before him to Pozsony . That is, he did not see his power endangered. He had the Archbishop of Gran imprisoned after excommunicating Ladislaus, but because of the Pope's plea, the King released Lukács. (But after the archbishop did not withdraw the excommunication, Ladislaus had him locked up again.)
His government lasted almost half a year. It is believed that he died of poisoning. He was buried in Székesfehérvár . He was married to Judith of Poland and one knows about a daughter of Ladislaus, who was called Maria and in December 1167 became the wife of the Venetian doge Michelli Vitale .
See also
literature
- Makk Ferenc: Magyarország a 12. században . Gondolat, Budapest 1986, ISBN 963-281-660-9 (translation of the book title: Hungary in the 12th century).
- Angel Pál: Szent István birodalma . História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete, Budapest 2001, ISBN 963-8312-76-9 .
- Makk Ferenc: II. László . In: Kristó Gyula , Makk Ferenc: Az Árpádok. Fejedelmek és királyok . Szukits Könyvkiadó, Szeged 2003, ISBN 963-9278-48-3 .
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Stephan III. |
(Counter) King of Hungary 1162–1163 |
Stephan III. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ladislaus II. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Hungarian rival king (July 1162 - 14 January 1163) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1131 |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 14, 1163 |