Lajos Tihanyi

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Lajos Tihanyi (sculpture by Vilmos Fémes Beck ; 1910)
József Rippl-Rónai : Lajos Tihanyi (1917)

Lajos Tihanyi (born October 29, 1885 in Budapest , Austria-Hungary ; died June 11 or 12, 1938 in Paris ) was a Hungarian painter.

Life

Tihanyi grew up as a child of a Jewish family in Budapest, the father was the owner of the "Café Balaton" in Budapest. At the age of eleven he became deaf and fell silent from meningitis . He received his first private painting lessons from Bertalan Pór . He taught himself painting largely self-taught . Between 1906 and 1910 he attended the summer school of the Nagybánya artists ' colony on a regular basis . A painting style influenced by French Impressionism was cultivated there, which Tihanyi initially adopted in his landscape paintings. A four-month stay in Paris gave him clarity about his role models Paul Gauguin and Henri Matisseand especially Paul Cezanne . He took part in exhibitions of the Hungarian Society of Impressionists and Naturalists (MIÉNK), for the first time in 1909. He was influenced by the Fauvists in 1907 by Róbert Berény , Dezső Czigány , Béla Czóbel , Károly Kernstok , Ödön Márffy , Dezső Orbán and Bertalan Pór founded the artist group Nyolcak (The Eight), in the group he was next to Berény the most radical innovator.

He was the link between the various Hungarian artist groups. In 1918/1919 he joined the “activists” led by Lajos Kassák for the magazine “Ma”, supported the republican aster revolution and the Hungarian Soviet Republic , but had to flee to Vienna after its suppression and the onset of the White Terror . He stayed with a large group of Hungarian emigrants in Berlin until 1924 and then went to Paris, where there was also a colony of emigrated Hungarian artists. He did not return to authoritarian and anti-Semitic Hungary, even as a visit. In 1933 he became a member of the Abstraction-Création group . Tihanyi found many among the Budapest, Berlin and Paris artists and writers who let him portray themselves “without any idealization”.

His nephew, the photographer Ervin Marton (1912–1968), emigrated from Hungary to Paris in 1937, where Tihanyi opened the doors to the art world for him. Marton was then able to save Tihanyi's artistic estate from destruction during the five years of the German occupation of France . After Tihanyi's early death, Robert Desnos spoke at his funeral in the Père Lachaise cemetery , and the former Hungarian Prime Minister Mihály Károlyi was among the grieving emigrants .

  • Image selection

  • Bathers (1907)

  • Act without year

  • Nude (1912)

  • Self-Portrait (1912)

  • Endre Ady (1918)

  • Entertainment (1928)

  • untitled (1933)

Exhibitions

  • Solo exhibition in Vienna 1920
  • Solo exhibition in Berlin 1921
  • Gergely Barki, Evelyn Benesch, Zoltán Rockenbauer (eds.): The eight. A Nyolcak. Hungary's Highway to Modernity. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-07157-5 .
  • Lajos Tihanyi - A bohème painter in Budapest, Berlin and Paris. April 20 - August 20, 2012, Kogart Haz, Budapest.

literature

  • Tihanyi, Lajos . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 33 : Theodotos vacation . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1939, p. 166 (different dates).
  • Tihanyi, Lajos . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 4 : Q-U . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1958, p. 447 (different dates).
  • Krisztina Passuth : Lajos Tihanyi. Translated from the Hungarian by Hermin Lehmann. Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1977 ( DNB 780379543 ).
  • Krisztina Passuth: Meeting places of the avant-garde East Central Europe 1907–1930 . Translated from the Hungarian by Anikó Harmath. Balassi, Budapest 2003 (Hungarian 1998).

Web links

Commons : Lajos Tihanyi  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ N. Veszprémi: Tihanyi, Lajos . In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 . tape 14 : Stulli Luca – T ° uma Karel , delivery 65th Publishing House of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2014, ISBN 978-3-7001-7794-4 , p. 343 ( biographien.ac.at ).
  2. ↑ a b c The eight. A Nyolcak. Hungary's Highway to Modernity. 2012, p. 194 f.
  3. ↑ Krisztina Passuth: Meeting Points of the Avant-garde East Central Europe 1907–1930. 2003, p. 82.
  4. ↑ Krisztina Passuth: Meeting Points of the Avant-garde East Central Europe 1907–1930. 2003, p. 67.
personal data
SURNAME Tihanyi, Lajos
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tihanyi Lajos
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian painter
DATE OF BIRTH October 29, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Budapest
DATE OF DEATH June 11, 1938
Place of death Paris