Lambacher Swiss

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The Lambacher Swiss is since 1946 in the high schools of numerous German federal states and Switzerland used textbook series for mathematics .

history

On May 9, 1946, Ernst Klett Verlag concluded a contract with the authors Theophil Lambacher and Wilhelm Schweizer for a “mathematics work for secondary schools, which was divided into 1 volume for boys and girls for the middle school and 1 volume for boys for the upper school” and should appear in 1 volume for girls for upper school "and" should be available at the beginning of school in autumn 1946 ".

Since the Allies originally wanted to extend primary school to six years, Lambacher and Schweizer began to work out a work for the middle school in the summer of 1945 , namely a volume for class 3 (today's class 7), which was completed in 1946. (Later there were year volumes only for the lower level , for the other levels the material was prepared in thematic volumes.) The other volumes for the intermediate level, Part 2 ( Algebra ) and Part 3 ( Geometry ) of the edition Mathematics for Higher Schools appeared in 1947 They contain the rest of the subject areas up to grade 10. A volume for grade  6 was completed in 1947 , the volume for grade 5 was not published until later. These two lower school volumes were mainly edited by Karl Löffler. In both volumes, tasks were taken from the Kölling-Löffler , the basic structure of which was also used in the book for grade 7.

The first four volumes were each printed with a print run of between 20,000 and 22,000 copies. The net prices were between RM 1.35  and RM 2.40. For the American zone of Ernst Klett Verlag in Stuttgart received the licenses for the French zone of Dr. Ehlers Verlag in Mainz.

From 1948 the series appeared under the title Mathematisches Lehrwerk . At this point, the volume for grade 7 had already been divided between the algebra and geometry books for the intermediate level. The complete edition has now been divided into Part I Lower Level, Part II Intermediate Level and Part III Upper Level. The original volume, Lower Level Part 2, was now published as a second edition in Part I, Lower Level, under the title Computing and Space Theory 2 . In 1948 the volume for class 5 was also published under the name Rechnen und Raumlehre 1 .

In the following years, Schweizer wrote the volumes level trigonometry for the intermediate level, analysis and spherical trigonometry for the advanced level with new co-authors . The analytic geometry was mainly developed by Walter Goetz. In 1952 the first complete edition of the Lambacher Schweizer was completed. The books, originally intended only for Württemberg, became within a few years the most widely used mathematical teaching tool in higher schools in the Federal Republic.

In 1958 the Klett Verlag decided to reprint the work, using multi-color offset printing with a hard cover . The series launched in the early 1960s was subtitled "Edition B" to distinguish it from the old edition. The editor was only Wilhelm Schweizer; Lambacher retired as editor for health reasons.

In 1966, several volumes were translated into French under a license agreement with the Canadian publisher Lidec Inc.

After the Conference of Ministers of Education decided in 1968 to introduce “set theory” in the primary school in 1972/1973 at the latest, the volumes arithmetic and spatial theory 1 and arithmetic and spatial theory 2 were revised by August Schmid and Karl Mütz . In the mid-1970s, the upper school was also adapted to new developments; as so-called "special issues" appeared Analysis , Linear Algebra and Analytical Geometry and probability theory and statistics under the umbrella of the Swiss Lambacher.

In 1978, August Schmid was co-editor alongside Swiss for the revision of the so-called “checkered” edition, named after the new covers of the volumes. Numerous new employees were recruited so that a volume could appear almost every year. In 1993/94 one went from the "checkered" to the "gray" edition. From 1993 Ingo Weidig was co-editor; he was primarily responsible for adapting the various editions to the curricula of the individual federal states.

In addition to a basic edition, there are currently individual editions for most federal states, a total of around 80 volumes, edited by approximately the same number of authors. For some years now, the Lambacher Schweizer has also been available for vocational high schools and for schools where the technical college entrance qualification is acquired. In Central and South America , a Spanish translation of volumes 5–10 of the Thuringia edition is being distributed by the German School Colegio Andino Bogotá . The Matemáticas para Todos series, published by Apoyo in Peru since 2003, is also based on editions of Lambacher Schweizer, but is not a literal translation .

literature

  • Jörg Stark: 65 years of Lambacher Schweizer: a classic - always up to date , online (PDF)

Web links