Forest villages
Several districts in the extreme northeast of Hamburg are referred to as forest villages , some of which have belonged to Hamburg's territory outside the city walls since the late Middle Ages . Five of them - Bergstedt , Duvenstedt , Lemsahl-Mellingstedt , Volksdorf and Wohldorf-Ohlstedt - have formed a separate regional area within the Wandsbek district since the last administrative reform in 2011 .
history
Historically, the term Walddörfer referred to Farmsen, Berne , folk village and Wohldorf-Ohlstedt, which together with large-Hansdorf and Schmalenbeck 14th came over to 16th century under hamburgische rule and since then its own Mansion shaft formed within the hamburgischen land area. At times, Hoisbüttel was one of them (until 1803). The designation as forest villages emerged in contrast to the neighboring Rühmerdörfern (including Alsterdorf , Bergstedt, Rahlstedt or Sasel ), which were created on cleared areas .
Owning the wooded area was of great strategic and economic importance for Hamburg because wood was needed as a building material for house and shipbuilding . The administration of the forest villages was therefore incumbent on the so-called "forest gentlemen". A senator from the Hamburg council was appointed as forest lord . In his name they watched over the preservation of the forest, collected taxes and fees and exercised jurisdiction over the subjects. In this they were supported by a local forest vogt , several "forest riders" and other officials; the Wohldorfer manor house served as the official residence of the forest lords during their visits.
Since 1918, the Walddörferbahn has been connecting the places that were then far outside the city with the Hamburg city area ( Barmbeck ). Most of the route is now used by the U1 underground line , which, however, runs from Wandsbek-Gartenstadt via Wandsbek Markt to downtown Hamburg . Even before the First World War there was the Alt-Rahlstedt-Volksdorf-Wohldorf electric small train , the last of which was shut down in 1961.
In the course of the Greater Hamburg Law of 1937, the former Holstein communities of Bergstedt , Duvenstedt and Lemsahl-Mellingstedt were added to Hamburg, while Großhansdorf and Schmalenbeck were transferred to Schleswig-Holstein .
From 1943 to 2006 Bergstedt, Duvenstedt, Lemsahl-Mellingstedt, Volksdorf and Wohldorf-Ohlstedt formed their own local office area Walddörfer . Farmsen-Berne was only incorporated into the Walddörfer local authority area, which until then had only consisted of the remaining five districts, after the dissolution of the Farmsen-Berne local authority, which previously belonged to the core area of Wandsbek . In the course of the district administration reform in 2006, the local office was dissolved; since then there is only one customer center ( registration office ) of the district office on site.
Since the last reorganization of responsibilities within the district in 2011, Farmsen-Berne has now belonged to the new Bramfeld regional area and no longer to the forest villages.
literature
- Forest villages . In: Franklin Kopitzsch , Daniel Tilgner (Ed.): Hamburg Lexikon. 4th, updated and expanded special edition. Ellert & Richter, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8319-0373-3 , p. 736 f.
- Wilhelm Füßlein : History of the Hamburg forest villages. Richard Hermes Verlag Hamburg 1937 (edited reprint: Severus Verlag Hamburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-95801-639-2 ).
- Heinz Waldschläger: From forest to country rule . In: Our home, the forest villages. Journal for local history and home care in the Hamburg forest villages and the neighboring Stormarn , vol. 33, no. 5 (1995), pp. 75-77.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information brochure of the Wandsbek district ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) 2011/12, p. 10.
- ↑ Hamburg-Lexikon p. 737.
- ↑ William Füßlein : The History of the Hamburger Walddörfer , Hamburg ff 1937, p. 50
- ↑ Information brochure of the Wandsbek district ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) 2011/12, p. 7.
Coordinates: 53 ° 39 '23 " N , 10 ° 8' 26" E