Brandenburg State Parliament (1946–1952)

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The Brandenburg state parliament was the representative body of the province of Brandenburg from 1946 to 1947 and the state of Brandenburg that emerged from it from 1947 to 1952 in the Soviet occupation zone (SBZ) and since 1949 in the German Democratic Republic (GDR).

prehistory

In order to enable the rebuilding of the state order after the Second World War in the province of Brandenburg in the sense of building socialism , an advisory assembly for Brandenburg was convened on June 13, 1946 by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) . According to the Potsdam Agreement of August 2, 1945, this Consultative Assembly was replaced in 1946 by an elected representative body.

First term

The election for the first state parliament of Brandenburg took place on October 20, 1946 as part of the state elections in the Soviet Zone in 1946 . The election results are presented in the main article Landtag elections in Brandenburg . The names of the representatives can be found in the list of members of the Brandenburg State Parliament (1946–1952, 1st electoral period) . The state parliament passed the constitution for the new state of Brandenburg on February 6, 1947, which contained regulations on the state parliament in Section B.

In the constituent meeting on November 22, 1946, the presidium was elected:

In addition to the 69 plenary sessions, the committees worked:

Committee Chairman
Council of Elders Friedrich Ebert (SED)
Standing Committee Friedrich Ebert (SED)
Legal and Constitutional Committee Frank Schleusener (CDU), from June 1950: August Kayser (CDU)
Rules of Procedure Committee Willy Sägebrecht (SED)
District and community affairs Willi Hein (LDP), from January 1948: Hans-Paul Ganter-Gilmans (CDU)
Budget and finance Otto Schwarz (SED), from March 1949: Georg Leps (SED)
traffic Adolf Dechert (CDU), from June 1950: Josef Kaschinski (SED)
Economy, trade and supply Georg Leps (SED), from March 1949: Otto Völz (SED)
Labor and welfare Paul Kube (CDU)
Agriculture Wilhelm Bülk (LDP)
youth Otto Wiesner (SED)
Culture and popular education Otto Meier (SED), from June 1949: Bruno Brockhoff (SED), from June 1950: Grete Langner (SED)
Reconstruction, health, resettlers Artur Deeg (CDU), from February 1948: Peter Bloch (CDU)
Input committee Carl Mühlmann (LDP)

The group leaders were:

The work of Parliament continued to take place under occupation conditions. Resolutions of the parliament were made subject to the approval of the SMAD. In 1947 SMAD 11, and in 1948 38 motions from parliamentary groups were forbidden by SMAD. These interventions hit the bourgeois parties, while the work of the SED was closely coordinated with the SMAD.

The parliamentary group meetings were also held under the control of SMAD and were always attended by a SMAD representative. A free discussion did not take place under these circumstances.

Second legislative term

The election for the second state parliament of Brandenburg took place on October 15, 1950 as part of the state elections in the GDR in 1950 . It was not a question of free elections. The deputies were determined on the basis of a single list of the National Front . The election results that have already been determined are presented in the main article Landtag elections in Brandenburg . The members can be found in the list of members of the Brandenburg State Parliament (1946–1952, 2nd electoral period) .

In the constituent meeting on November 3, 1950, the presidium was elected:

In addition to the 13 plenary meetings, the committees worked:

Committee Chairman
Council of Elders Otto Meier (SED)
Standing Committee Otto Meier (SED)
Legal and Constitutional Committee Paul Bismark (SED)
Rules of Procedure Committee Ingo von Koerber (LDP)
District and community affairs Walter Münchhagen (SED)
Budget and finance Georg Leps (VVN, SED)
traffic Adolf Deckert (CDU), from June 1950: Josef Kaschinski (SED)
Economy, transport, reconstruction and work Erich Bombach (FDGB, SED)
Trade and supply Arthur Pech (DBD)
Social affairs, health, resettlers Fritz Wicke (CDU)
Agriculture and Forestry Robert Neddermeyer (VdgB, SED)
Youth, culture and popular education Oskar Fischer (FDJ, SED)
Input committee Bruno Raek (NDPD)

The group leaders were:

resolution

As early as 1949, when the GDR was founded, most of the country's institutions gave up their functions to the central state. The constitution of the GDR from 1949 gave the federal states significantly less powers than was the case, for example, in the Federal Republic. A central state was aimed for and then implemented with the later abolition of the federal states . The relationship of the republic to the states was regulated in Section VI of the constitution.

Article 111 regulated the unrestricted right of the republic to enact uniform laws in all areas. Only when there was no central government regulation did the Länder have the right to legislate. The state parliaments were thus largely deprived of the core competence of a parliament, namely legislation. This primacy of the central state continued at the level of the state governments.

Article 116 gave the GDR government the supervision of the administration in all matters in which the republic had the right to legislate. If the laws of the republic were not carried out by the administrations of the republic, the government of the GDR was allowed to issue general instructions for the state governments and authorities. In order to enforce the requirements of the central government, it was allowed to send representatives to the executive administrations.

In 1952 the state was effectively dissolved as part of the administrative reform of 1952 and essentially divided into the three new districts of Cottbus , Frankfurt (Oder) and Potsdam . His remaining tasks were transferred to the district days .

literature

  • Martin Broszat , Gerhard Braas, Hermann Weber (eds.): SBZ manual. State administrations, parties, social organizations and their executives in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany 1945–1949. Oldenbourg, Munich 1993 (2nd edition), ISBN 3-486-55262-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Constitution for the Mark Brandenburg.
  2. ^ SBZ manual, page 339
  3. ↑ SBZ manual, page 340
  4. ↑ SBZ manual, page 333
  5. ↑ SBZ manual, page 334
  6. ↑ SBZ manual, page 341
  7. ^ Constitution of the GDR from 1949.