Lanz Bulldog
Lanz Bulldog was the sales name for agricultural tractors manufactured by Heinrich Lanz AG ( taken over by John Deere in 1956 ) in Mannheim from 1921 to 1957. It was through these tractors that the name Bulldog was coined in parts of Germany as a colloquial generic name for an agricultural tractor.
Originally Bulldog the name of the of Lanz made stationary single-cylinder two-stroke - hot bulb engine , initially with water-evaporative cooling and only later with thermosiphon whose appearance a resemblance to the face of a bulldog had. It was the basis of the first agricultural tractor Lanz Bulldog HL12 , which the Lanz AG Heinrich 1921 presented at the DLG in Leipzig and as the "Ur" -Bulldog applies.
The Bulldog's success was due to its simplicity and robustness. In addition, it was used as a multi-fuel engine with inexpensive crude oil and the like. Ä. Be operated and compared to the first diesel tractors was considered more reliable. In other disciplines such as tractive power, technology or consumption, however, the Bulldogs were inferior to the diesel tractors. In spite of this, Lanz Bulldog farm tractors were able to hold their own for many decades, at least in Germany, because their simple glow-head motor principle was cheap to produce and made low demands on the fuel's ignition ability and knock resistance .
Bulldog engine
The Bulldog engine is a hot-head engine and was developed by the engineer Fritz Huber from around 1918 . It works according to the Akroyd process with internal mixture formation and external ignition. Unlike the original Akroyd engine, the Bulldog engine is a two-stroke , crankcase scavenged engine . The compression is low, not higher than in gasoline engines of the time. The eponymous cylinder head of the glow head engine (the glow head ) is uncooled and contains the so-called evaporator (also called glow nose); it glows with a weak red glow during operation. The fuel is injected into the evaporator at low pressure, where it evaporates and ignites on the hot walls. To start the vaporizer must therefore be made to glow with a blowtorch . If the temperature of the glow head has fallen too low (e.g. due to long idling), the temperature of the walls serving as the ignition source is no longer sufficient to safely initiate ignition, so that the glow-head motor switches off. Later versions with additional spark plugs could be started with petrol and were switched to diesel fuel after they had warmed up. Spark plugs and injection nozzles are located in the cylinder head.
Stationary engines
Bulldog was originally just the name of the motor that could be purchased in a stationary design as a local bulldog and in a mobile design as a team bulldog (not self-propelled, but pulled by horses) as an inexpensive replacement for a locomotive .
This marked the beginning of the Bulldog's triumphant advance in the competition against steam engines , which were expensive to operate and maintenance-intensive, and its reputation was already established when competitors began to build inexpensive and usable tractors with gasoline or later diesel engines. The bulldog was even available in field railways (type FM) and locomotives (rail bulldog ).
Agricultural tractor
When it was realized that the Bulldog could not only drive saws, mills, stone crushers and threshing machines, but could also move itself together with farm implements, around 1921 the Lanz farm tractors with the robust glow-head motor, which went into series production from 1923, came into being.
The first types of agricultural tractors, the HL-Bulldog and the HP-Bulldog, which was already equipped with all-wheel drive and articulated steering , had the first engine with a bore of 190 mm and a stroke of 220 mm (which results in a little more than 6.2 liters displacement ) and 12 PS at 320 min −1 , later 420 min −1 . The HP was having an improved evaporative cooling feature (evaporative cooling) that without water pump got along. Due to the narrow width of 1280 to 1345 mm, the Bulldog was suitable for viticulture.
Pulley output
Like locomobiles , most Lanz tractors had a detachable belt pulley, which in stationary operation was used as a belt drive for a variety of additional devices (such as large grinder , threshing machine , wind sweeper , baler , hay and crop conveyors, forage harvesters (harvesters), stone breakers , (firewood) circular saws , Cone splitter , water pump, workshop machines , etc.) could be used. The Bulldog thus combined the advantages of a farm and tractor unit and a stationary drive motor for operating additional equipment.
transmission
Initially, the Bulldogs had either a single or two-speed gearbox. The two-speed transmission of the traffic Bulldog HL from 1923 could only be shifted when the car was stationary. Due to the high torque, however, you could start off in second gear. After all, the fastest version reached 12 km / h, compared to 4.2 km / h with the first HL.
Reversing to reverse
All early Bulldogs did not have reverse gear. To drive backwards, the direction of rotation of the motor had to be changed (reversing) - a process that required practice: To do this, the speed had to be reduced so far that the motor almost came to a standstill, and then accelerated at the right moment (with a little skill and a lot Exercise) to trigger a pre-ignition, which threw the engine back in the compression stroke so that it continued to run in the opposite direction. Only the “Kühlerbulldog” from 1928 had a reverse gear.
Variants and models
There were a few pieces an 8-hp variant (about 3 liters capacity) named Pug and one from Lanz field engine, a gasoline tractor in frame construction, derived glow head variant with a standing two-cylinder hot bulb engine with 12.4 liters Displacement, the so-called Felddank (38 PS; 28 kW). In his brochures, Lanz named “brown coal tar gas oil, mineral gas oil, vegetable and animal oils, petroleum” as suitable fuels. So the Bulldog engine was a multi-fuel engine . However, the HP and the Felddank were too complex and expensive in view of inflation and the global economic crisis. The sales were not successful (Felddank approx. 800 pieces, HP approx. 720 pieces total production). A simpler, cheaper variant was needed.
So the first "Big Bulldog", the type HR was (starting with the type designation HR2, later numbered up to HR9) with 22/28 HP (16/21 kW) and evaporative cooling (evaporative cooling). It already had the typical bulldog appearance that remained formative until production was discontinued. It was only changed by the much more effective thermosiphon cooling introduced a few years later . From this time on the Bulldogs were called "Kühlerbulldog".
The HR series also had the engine with a displacement of approx. 10.3 liters, which was installed until the conversion to half-diesel and full-diesel technology, resulting from a bore-to- stroke ratio of 225 mm / 260 mm. The prototype of the HR was even equipped with all-wheel drive and differential locks.
However, the all-wheel drive and even the differential lock were sacrificed to the need to save , and from that time onwards there were only single-cylinder rear-wheel drive Bulldogs until the end of production. By changing the final rotational speed of first 500 min -1 with PS 22/28 (16/21 kW), later 35 hp (26 kW) to 750 min -1 with PS 45/55 (33/40 kW) could this motor to to compete in the 1950s. However, the high consumption of hot-bulb technology required a rethink, and so in the 1950s, the company switched to medium- pressure engines and medium-pressure hot-bulb engines with direct injection , and later to diesel engines.
Shortly before the Second World War , another smaller Bulldog with 15 HP (11 kW) was presented, the so-called Farmer's Bulldog. He already had a mechanical lifting mechanism for attachments. A medium series (type HN) with approx. 4.7 liters displacement was also built.
Special models
During the Bulldog era, there were various series with sometimes strange names from the simple "Ackerluft-Bulldog" to "Traffic Bulldog" to the high-speed "Eil-Bulldog", which was available with a fixed cab and overdrive. These terms, to which the "rubber bulldog", the "double bulldog " , the " tar oil bulldog " and many more belong, denoted equipment features.
The rubber bulldog was the street version of the HL with elastic tires (solid rubber tires before pneumatic tires were used), the double bulldog - in contrast to the normal HL - had a two-speed transmission. The tar oil bulldog was specially equipped for the use of this fuel with a modified ignition bag in the glow head. Only a few of these vehicles still exist in the world today. Three copies are still known in Germany, one of them as the “Ackerluft-Tar-Oil-Bulldog” ( D 9506 d ), which was originally delivered in 1936. Otherwise it was only produced as a field tar oil bulldog (D 9500 d).
Replicas
- In France, the 7506 tractor was built under license under the name Le Percheron .
- In Argentina there was the license-built ( Pampa Bulldog ) type Pampa T01
- In Poland, the Lanz Bulldog type D 9506 was built as the Ursus C-45.
- In Australia there was a KL Bulldog from Kelly & Lewis Ltd.
Lanz Bulldog in the media
The “Trecker” model was also used for the comedy figure “Günther the tractor driver”, a comedy broadcast on Frühstyxradio from Radio ffn . The so-called Lanz Leo (Leo Speer) from Rimbach-Mitterrohrbach was seen several times in film and television productions with his Bulldogs. A pun that is still popular today from the Werner comics of the 1980s, at that time permanently on the German bestseller lists, is an onomatopoeic pun in which the title character Werner denies that, contrary to media reports, he is a cult figure. "Cult", says Werner, is only made by the farmer Horst with his Lanz, with "cult-cult-cult-cult ..." the typical engine noise of the Lanz Bulldog was presented in the accompanying drawing.
Two DVDs also provide information about the Bulldogs: Lanz. The most beautiful and popular tractors and their manufacturers in the picture. Beginnings until the 1970s . Kempten 2005 (Agricultural Video).
literature
- Norman Poschwatta: The Wehrmacht Bulldog . In: Yearbook Tractors 2007, Podszun, 2006, ISBN 3-86133-425-9 .
- Norman Poschwatta: Indestructible: Bulldog in Ulbricht's time . In: Yearbook Tractors 2008, Podszun, 2007, ISBN 978-3-86133-460-6 .
- Norman Poschwatta: Lanz Bulldog photo album 1910-1960 . Volume 17, Kleine-Vennekate, 2013, ISBN 978-3-935517-70-6 .
- Norman Poschwatta: Lanz Bulldog Album . Podszun, 2008, ISBN 978-3-86133-479-8 .
- Lanz Bulldog, 1921-1960, type compass . Motorbuch Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-613-01980-9 .
- Michael Bach: All Lanz tractors . Rabe, 2001, ISBN 3-926-07126-5 .
- Kurt Häfner: The Lanz Story from 1859 to 1967 . 5 volumes, Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-440-09060-4 .
- Lanz Bulldogs type book . Kosmos Verlag, ISBN 3-440-09151-1 .
- Lanz tractors, story of a legend . Heel, 2006, ISBN 3-898-80564-6
- Combine harvesters in Germany from 1932 until today . Volume 2, Podszun, 2006, ISBN 3-861-33406-2 .
- LANZ special prints; Reprint of newspaper articles and reports with photos from all over the world . Schwungrad Verlag, ISBN 978-3-933426-20-8 .
- Udo Paulitz: Lanz Bulldog . Komet, Königswinter 2008, ISBN 978-3-89836-791-2 .
Web links
- Lanz Bulldog Homepage with extensive information (archive) ( Memento from February 9, 2017 in the Internet Archive ).
- Technology of the Lanz glow head motor. On: Lanz Bulldog Homepage (Archive) ( Memento from March 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
- Information on the technology of the Lanz Bulldogs. ( Memento from September 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) On: schlepperfreunde-nordbaden.de
- Excerpt from the book: “The year of the young farmer - Part II - machines and equipment” by Johannes Knecht from 1952. ( Memento from May 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) From: schlepperfreunde-nordbaden.de.
- MTZ 1953 (01) - New ways in hot-head motor construction - The new hot-head motor from Heinrich Lanz AG., Mannheim. Semi-diesel engine with direct injection . ( Memento from May 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) MTZ Volume 14, January 1, 1953. On: schlepperfreunde-nordbaden.de (PDF, 4 pages, 3.3 MB).
- Lanz Bulldog: Systematic overview of the Lanz types of glow-head Bulldogs from 1921–1945. , on: Lanz Bulldog Homepage (Archive) ( Memento from July 4, 2018 in the Internet Archive ).
- Lanz Bulldog: Collection of LANZ glow head bulldog brochures. Number of brochures: 228, on: Lanz Bulldog Homepage (Archive) ( Memento from July 4, 2018 in the Internet Archive )
- The economical Lanz Bulldog. VDI-Nachrichten special edition from November 15, 1952 (PDF, 4 p., 2.1 MB, archive). ( Memento from August 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- Stationary operation of additional devices by means of a transmission belt via the pulley of the Lanz Bulldog: Lanz: Bauer & Arbeiter. Magazine 1938, issue 3 page 5 (PDF, 16 pages, approx. 4 MB), ( Memento from March 26, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) Lanz: Bauer & Arbeiter. Magazine 1938, Issue 2, Page 6, (PDF, 16 pages, approx. 4 MB), ( Memento from March 23, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) Image 1, Image 2 , Image 3, Image 4, Image 5, Image 6 , (Source: Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de), Image 7, Image 8, (Source: fahrzeugbilder.de ), Image 9 (Source: Colorful afternoon with a threshing machine. Schaumburger News from: March 17th 2013), Lanz-Bulldog with mobile grinder (source: willi-winsen.de ), circular saw with transmission drive (source: Wikipedia), crusher cracks the hardest field stones. Kiel News from: August 20, 2012 (archive) .
Individual evidence
- ^ Alfons Weinfurtner: History of John Deere-Lanz AG. ( Memento of January 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved August 25, 2012.
- ↑ Der Spiegel: LANZ TRACTORS under the American flag. Retrieved on August 25, 2012 (PDF, 2 pages, 288 kB). ( Memento from August 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Lanz Bulldog: The first crude oil tractor in the world, the "Bulldog". ( Memento from August 28, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) available at Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de , accessed: February 8, 2018 (archive). ( Memento from March 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ History of Heinrich Lanz Mannheim AG. (Archive): ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Section through a LANZ Bulldog. , available at Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de , accessed: February 8, 2018 (archive). ( Memento from March 20, 2019 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Friedrich Sass: History of the German internal combustion engine construction from 1860 to 1918, Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1962, ISBN 978-3-662-11843-6 . Pp. 415-419
- ↑ Lanz Bulldog: Starting the glow head motor. available at: Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de , accessed on: February 8, 2018 (archive). ( Memento from March 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Heinrich Lanz Mannheim: The stationary local bulldog: Fixed heavy oil engines of 12 and 15 hp . ( Memento from March 26, 2019 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Stationary operation of additional devices by means of a transmission belt over the pulley of the Lanz Bulldog: Lanz: Bauer & Arbeiter. Magazine 1938, issue 3 page 5 (PDF, 16 pages, approx. 4 MB), ( Memento from March 26, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) Lanz: Bauer & Arbeiter. Zeitschrift 1938, Issue 2 page 6 (PDF, 16 pages, about 4 MB) ( Memento of March 23, 2019 Internet Archive ) image 1, image 2 , image 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, (Source: Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de), Fig. 7, Fig. 8, (Source: fahrzeugbilder.de ), Fig. 9 (Source: Colorful afternoon with threshing machine. Schaumburger Nachrichten of: March 17th, 2013 ), Lanz-Bulldog with mobile grinder (source: willi-winsen.de ), circular saw with transmission drive (source: Wikipedia), crusher cracks hardest field stones. Kiel News from: August 20, 2012 (archive) .
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↑ Excerpt from the book: "The Year of the Young Farmer - Part II - Machines and Devices" by Johannes Knecht from 1952. ( Memento from May 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) From: schlepperfreunde-nordbaden.de.
- ↑ LANZ Bauern-Bulldog - The great helper: In the struggle for the freedom of food for the German people, work faster and more effectively, achieve more and better. LANZ company magazine from 1938 (PDF, 24 pages, 2.2 MB). At: www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de, accessed on: August 8, 2016 (archive). ( Memento from August 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b The economical Lanz Bulldog. ( Memento from August 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) VDI-Nachrichten special edition from November 15, 1952 (PDF, 4 pages, 2.1 MB).
- ↑ Lanz Bulldog: Fuel overview. Available at Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de , accessed: February 8, 2018 (archive) ( Memento from February 9, 2017 in the Internet Archive ).
- ↑ Lanz glow head technology. ( Memento from March 23, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) LANZ-Bulldog-Club-Holstein eV, archived: March 23, 2019.
- ↑ VDA : Heinrich Lanz Werk Mannheim - Type D 6007. Group 15, No. 450 (direct-injection hot-bulb "full diesel" engine). ( Memento from August 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Frankfurt am Main, April 1956 (PDF 156 kB, archived on: August 3, 2016).
- ↑ Description of the engine in the Lanz Bulldog D 5006 (direct-injection glow-head "semi-diesel" engine). (Archive). ( Memento from May 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Lanz semi-diesel technology. ( Memento from May 17, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) LANZ-Bulldog-Club-Holstein eV, lbch.de, archived: March 23, 2019.
- ↑ MTZ 01–1953 - New ways in hot-head motor construction - The new hot-head motor from Heinrich Lanz AG., Mannheim. Semi-diesel engine with direct injection . ( Memento from May 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) MTZ Volume 14, January 1, 1953. On: schlepperfreunde-nordbaden.de (PDF, 4 pages, 3.3 MB).
- ↑ VDA : Heinrich Lanz Werk Mannheim - Type D 6007. Group 15, No. 450 (direct-injection hot-bulb "full diesel" engine). ( Memento from August 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Frankfurt am Main, April 1956 (PDF 156 kB, archived on: August 3, 2016).
- ↑ Patent DE938688 : Hot-head motor. Registered on May 31, 1952 , published on February 2, 1956 , applicant: Heinrich Lanz AG, inventor: Anton Lentz.
- ↑ The economical Lanz Bulldog. ( Memento from August 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) VDI-Nachrichten special edition from November 15, 1952 (PDF, 4 pages, 2.1 MB).
- ↑ Lanz Bulldog: Systematic overview of the Lanz types of glow-head Bulldogs from 1921–1945. Available at Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de , accessed: February 8, 2018. (Archive). ( Memento from July 4, 2018 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Lanz Bulldog: Collection of LANZ glow head bulldog brochures. Number of brochures: 228, available from Lanz Bulldog Homepage , www.lanz-bulldog-homepage.de , accessed: February 8, 2018 (archive). ( Memento from July 4, 2018 in the Internet Archive )