Common horse cumin

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Horse cumin
Common horse cumin (Laser trilobum)

Common horse cumin ( Laser trilobum )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Genre : Horse cumin ( laser )
Type : Horse cumin
Scientific name
Laser trilobum
( L. ) Borkh.

The common horse cumin ( Laser trilobum ), also called three-lobed horse cumin , is a species of the genus Rosskümmel ( Laser ) within the umbelliferae (Apiaceae).

description

Illustration from storm
Fruit cluster

Vegetative characteristics

The common horse cumin is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 120 centimeters. The plant parts have a strong caraway odor. The stem is round , finely grooved, with bluish frosting and completely bare.

The alternate arranged on the stem leaves are pinnate two or usually three times and trifoliate. The bluish sections on the underside are about 5 centimeters in length and are obovate to rounded, heart-shaped and unevenly blunt notched to lobed at the base.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to June. In a double-gold inflorescence there are 11 to 20 small cones on 11 to 20 rays. The few bracts and bracts at most are obsolete.

The hermaphrodite or male flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The chalice is clearly five-toothed. The five petals are long nailed and obovate. The upper part is struck. The color is pure white or reddish. The ovary is bare.

The Doppelachächnen are ovoid or elongated, flattened, with a length 5 to 10 millimeters and have a wide joints surface. The partial fruits each have five main and four secondary ribs. The stylus pad is curved and has a notched edge. The oil welts are large and stand individually under the side ribs. There are four oil streaks on the joint surface. The fruit holder is free and deep in two parts.

In laser trilobum is diploidy before and the number of chromosomes is 2n = 22nd

Occurrence and species protection

The common horse cumin is a temperate-continental-east-sub-Mediterranean flora element . It occurs from western France via Germany , Austria , the former Yugoslavia , Bulgaria , Romania , central Russia to the Middle East .

In Germany, the common horse cumin is very rare; Deposits are in Lower Saxony , in the Oberwesertal, in Hesse and in the Main area. A larger occurrence can be found on the back of the pages between Lütgenade and Warbsen (Holzminden district, Weserbergland).

Laser trilobum grows on more or less dry, lime-rich or loamy soils . He prefers forest fringe societies . Laser trilobum is a character species of the Calamintho-Laseretum trilobi from the Geranion sanguinei association.

Laser trilobum is specially protected according to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance.

Taxonomy

The first publication took place in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Laserpitium trilobum by Carl von Linné . The new combination to Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh. was published in 1795 by Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen . The specific epithet trilobum means three-lobed.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh., Gewöhnlicher Rosskümmel. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ Łukasz Banasiak, Aneta Wojewódzka, Jakub Baczyński, Jean-Pierre Reduron, Marcin Piwczyński, Renata Kurzyna-Młynik, Rafał Gutaker, Agnieszka Czarnocka-Cieciura, Sylwia Kosmala-Grzechnikyin, Krzysztau its subtribe of the Diacylogenice of the Discharge of Spalik genera. In: Taxon , Volume 65, Issue 3, 2016, pp. 563-585. JSTOR taxon.65.3.563 doi : 10.12705 / 653.8
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  723 .

Web links

Commons : common horse cumin ( Laser trilobum )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files