Leonard Horner
Leonard Horner (born January 17, 1785 in Edinburgh , † March 5, 1864 in London ) was a Scottish geologist, social and educational reformer.
Life
Horner was the youngest son of a linen merchant in Edinburgh and studied chemistry and mineralogy in Edinburgh from 1799. The geology, he was through reading John Playfair Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory (presentation of the teaching of James Hutton performed). He became a businessman in his father's company and came to London in 1804. When he returned to Edinburgh in 1815, he was one of the founders of the Edinburgh Academy and founded the Edinburgh School of Arts for the teaching of mechanics. From 1827 he was Warden of the University of London for four years .
From 1831 to 1833 Leonard Horner was with his family in Bonn , where he also investigated the geology of the area around Bonn (Siebengebirge and others) and presented and published it (another work concerned the sediment masses transported in the Rhine). Horner made the first geological map of the Siebengebirge , which he created on a scale of 1: 50,000 and in an eastward orientation, which is rather unusual for Germany.
From 1833 to 1856 he was one of the inspectors of factory labor for children in Great Britain and was even praised by Karl Marx in his capital for his commitment to improving working conditions for women and children in the factories of northern England ("Leonard Horner, one of the Factory Inquiry Commissioners from 1833 and factory inspector, indeed factory censor, until 1859, has made immortal contributions to the English working class "). In 1861 he was in Florence for health reasons .
Soon after its founding in 1808, he became a member, in 1810 one of the secretaries and from 1845 to 1847 President of the Geological Society of London (and again in 1860). In 1813 he became a member of the Royal Society and in 1816 of the Royal Society of Edinburgh .
He published, among other things, on the mineralogy of the Malvern Hills , the geology of the southwest of Somersetshire , salt springs in Droitwich and later, among other things, on the alluvial land in Egypt . In 1843 he published a biography of his brother Francis Horner .
His daughter Mary Elizabeth, a geologist and conchyliologist, married the Scottish geologist Charles Lyell , his daughter Katharine, a botanist, the brother Henry of Charles Lyell (and published a biography of her brother-in-law Charles Lyell with letters and diary clippings), the daughter Leonora married the German historian Georg Heinrich Pertz and their daughter Frances married the paleobotanist Charles Bunbury . Two more of his six daughters were unmarried and published a book about walking tours in Florence.
Fonts
- On the Geology of the Environs of Bonn . In: Transactions of the Geological Society of London, 4 (2nd series), 1836, pp. 433–481 ( digitized version )
Geological maps
- Environs of Bonn . In: Transactions of the Geological Society of London, 4 (2nd series), 1836, plate XXIX ( digitized version )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Marx, Das Kapital, Volume 1, 1867, p. 192
- ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. (PDF file) Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed December 22, 2019 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Horner, Leonard |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Scottish geologist, social and educational reformer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 17, 1785 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Edinburgh |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 5, 1864 |
| Place of death | London |