Louis-Bénédict Gallavardin

Louis-Bénédict Gallavardin (born August 20, 1875 in Lyon , France , † December 1, 1957 in Lyon) was a French cardiologist .

family

His father, Jean-Pierre Gallavardin, was a well-known doctor who used homeopathy to treat. Gallavardin was one of ten children in the family and after the death of his father had to look after his own living at a young age. By his marriage in 1906, Gallavardin was related to the philanthropist Félix Mangini and the surgeon Léon Bérard . His son Léon Gallavardin also worked as a cardiologist, another son, Robert (1913–1952), as a psychiatrist .

education and profession

After basic school education and medical studies at the University of Lyon , he received his doctorate as Interne des hôpitaux (1900). Raymond Tripier , professor of pathological anatomy in Lyon, had supported Gallavardin after the death of his father and motivated him to continue his medical career, and placed him as an assistant at the Hôtel de Dieu . In 1902 Gallavardin achieved the title Médecin des hôpitaux , the beginning of an extraordinary medical career. In 1905 he decided to turn to the new field of cardiology. Gallavardin visited Thomas Lewis (1881-1945) several times in London and occasionally sent him ECG curves. In addition, he met Karel Frederik Wenckebach (1864–1940) in 1913 and met Rothberger in Vienna . Gallavardin worked at various hospitals in Lyon until 1928, before retiring from the profession after another 25 years of freelance practice.

power

Gallavardin was one of the leading cardiologists in France in the early 20th century. His particular merit was work on cardiac arrhythmia and the introduction of arterial blood pressure measurement into clinical practice.

The first result of his cardiological activity was a treatise on diseases of the heart and the aorta in 1908 . Gallavardin had dealt with all contemporary methods of blood pressure measurement until 1921, researched the basics of this diagnostic technique and weighed its advantages and disadvantages against each other ( Gallavardin cuff ). Other main areas of work were cardiac arrhythmias and angina pectoris . In 1910 he installed a string galvanometer in Lyon for the first time in France to record electrocardiograms for cardiac diagnostics. In 1920 Gallavardin described the "terminal ventricular tachycardia", in 1922 the ventricular salvos extrasystole and the extrasystolic form of supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia ( Gallavardin tachycardia ), also examined nodal bradycardias .

During the World War he researched " neurotic tachycardias" in soldiers. In the field of angina pectoris, he dealt with special forms of angina and the differentiation between syphilitic and atheromatous angina. In 1948 he presented a compendium of cardiac examination techniques.

He was an expert in auscultation and made a significant contribution to the identification of heart sounds (mesosystolic sounds, double-tone mitral stenosis , gallop noise ). He dealt with infectious endocarditis (1921–1928), the clinical EKG description of syncope in aortic stenosis (1933–1938), the clinical forms of arterial vascular inflammation, and presented the first French description of rheumatic myocardial disease with Aschoff nodules.

From 1898 to 1946, more than 360 Gallavardin publications appeared. He was Knight of the Legion of Honor , President of the Cardiological Society of France (1946-1948), Vice-President of the First World Cardiological Congress (1950) and corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris and many other academic and scientific societies.

Works

• Dégénérescence Graisseuse du Myocarde . 1900
• La Tension Artérielle en Clinique . Paris 1910, 1921
• Sur un nouveau brassard sphygmomanométrique . Press Med 30 (1922) 776
• De la tachycardie paroxystique à center excitable . Arch Mal Coeur 15 (1922) 1
• Extrasystole ventriculaire à paroxysmes tachycardiques prolongés . Arch Mal Coeur 15 (1922) 298
• Extrasystole auriculaire à paroxysmes tachycardiques . Arch Mal Coeur 15 (1922) 774

literature

• Eberhard J. Wormer : Syndromes of cardiology and their creators. Munich 1989, pp. 105-110
• MR Debré: Necrology. Décès de M. Louis Gallavardin. Acad Nat Med (Bull.) 142 (1958) 11
• M. Donzelot: Louis Gallavardin (1875-1957). Acad Nat Med (Bull.) 142 (1958) 204
• R. Froment: Louis Gallavardin (1875-1957). Lyon Med 100 (1969) 117
• R. Froment: Louis Gallavardin. Arch Mal Coeur 51 (1958) 1