Lučina u Tachova
| Lučina | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Tachov | ||||
| Municipality : | Milíře | ||||
| Area : | 179.504 hectares | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 48 ' N , 12 ° 34' E | ||||
| Residents : | 0 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 347 01 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
Lučina (German Sorghof ) is a former village and basic settlement unit of the municipality Milíře in the Czech Republic . It lay on the right side above the valley of the Mies , about six kilometers west of the town of Tachov in the Upper Palatinate Forest (Český les). The Lučina dam is located north of the desert .
history
The village of Sorghof - first mentioned in 1523 - belonged to the municipality of Mauthdorf until 1874 and then became an independent municipality. With its predominantly German-born inhabitants, the place was only called "Hammer".
The village was created following a free farm belonging to a Tachau citizen; Such “free courtyards” enjoyed a similar position as the Tachau feudal estates. The estate of Nicklas Serger (Sorger) von Neukotten, mentioned at the beginning of the 16th century, passed into the possession of the Wirsbergers in the 17th century and later into the possession of the Tachau lordship.
In the old parish registers of the Tachau (Tachov) parish, some of the newborns or the deceased in the village were noted with the addition “Sorghofer Waldhäusln”. "Waldhäusl" settlements in the border forest between Bohemia and Bavaria were created especially during the reign of Tachau under Baron Johann Philipp Husmann .
Sorghof initially belonged to the parish of Tachau before the Sorghof-Brand parish pastoral care began. As early as 1785 by court decree of Emperor Joseph II , the Sorghof-Brand chaplaincy was established and an emergency church was built in Sorghof on the way to Mauthdorf. She received the Franciscan altar from the dissolved Franciscan monastery in Heiligen bei Tachau. In 1814, the construction of a parish church, the stone Peter and Paul Church, began in Brand; in addition, there was the rectory on fire no.119.
In 1788 the village of Sorghof had only 10 house numbers. In the early 18th century, however, an iron hammer was operated here, which was sold to Joseph-Niklas zu Windisch-Graetz in 1797, who enlarged it significantly. In addition to the ironworks with hammers, a sheet metal roll production facility was built, as well as a tin and copper foundry. Over time, an iron industry developed in Sorghof, which in 1838 employed 7 masters, 18 journeymen and 12 apprentices, but then came to a standstill in the second half of the 19th century.
After the ironworks ceased operations, the buildings were converted into grinding and polishing workshops for the glass panels from the newly built Spiegel glassworks, which opened in 1867. The hut tenants of the landowner Prince Alfred Windisch-Graetz were Heinrich Kupfer and David Adler. From 1880 the important company Kupfer & Glaser operated the glassworks and mirror factory. The glassworks was closed in 1904 and demolished two years later. The buildings of the grinding and polishing workshops existed until the 1970s.
The glassworks and the life of the people working there in the 19th century were described by the Czech writer Norbert Frýd in his book " Vzorek bez ceny a pan biskup " ("Pattern without value and Mr. Bishop"). Frýd reproduced the memories of his grandfather Moritz Maier, who worked in the Sorghof glassworks around 1874. According to his description, the glassworks was an elongated, square building made of stone, with large quantities of firewood stored in its two-story roof. The workers found the weight over their heads far more dangerous than the constant threat of fire. They went about their work with puffy faces. Working in the heat of the glass furnace brought them a relatively good income and also resulted in a large purchase of beer. The glass furnace had three openings on each side. Of the glass workers who initially cloudy glass mass was up to the thin-walled transparency blown out. In addition to bottles and glasses, window panes and mirrors were also produced. Auxiliary companies worked in the vicinity of the glazier, in which the glass products were polished or cut.
Woodworking workshops were later added in Sorghof. Some wood turneries operated with water power existed until the Second World War. Of the two mills, the Zeugmühle (No. 39) was shut down in 1930 and only the Sorghofer Mühle No. 8 continued.
In 1930 Sorghof had 524 residents, plus 78 from the Steinhof district. In 1939 the entire community numbered 624 people.
The community had only a few possessions, including about one hectare of land, the school (No. 58) from 1890, the poor house (No. 30) and the copper house (No. 7).
After the Munich Agreement , the place was added to the German Empire and until 1945 belonged to the Tachau district .
The Second World War ended for the Sorghof population with the invasion of American troops on May 5, 1945, without a fight and without shelling the place. With the exception of one family, all Germans had to leave their homeland by autumn 1946.
In 1973 a dam was built east of the former gun hammer at a narrow point in the valley and the village of Lučina was dissolved and demolished. The water was dammed up to the former cross inn ( Na Křižovatce ) and the Lučina dam was built to provide drinking water.
Local division
The basic settlement unit Lučina belongs to the district Milíře of the municipality of the same name. It forms the cadastral district of Lučina u Tachova.
literature
- Josef Schnabl: Home atlas of the former political district Tachau-Pfraumberg. (Based on the collection of rescued maps, plans, photos and records from the local supervisors and residents of the former communities). Local history working group of the Tachauer, Geretsried 1973.
- Zdeněk Procházka : Glass industry in the Bohemian Forest. A topography of the glass, grinding and polishing factories. = Read Sklářství v Českém. (= Průvodce historií Západních Čech. 3). 2nd, improved edition. “Český Les” publishing house, Domažlice 2003, ISBN 80-86125-35-1 .
Web links
- Information (CZ)
- Information and photos on www.zanikleobce.cz
- Map 1: 50000 ( Memento from September 25, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (Czech)
- Church register of the former parish
