Ludwig jewelry

Ludwig Julius Albert Schmuck (born June 13, 1892 in Weißenburg in Bavaria , † May 8, 1945 in Tann ) was a German politician (NSDAP) , paramilitary activist and SA leader, most recently with the rank of SA group leader .

Life

Youth and First World War

Schmuck was the son of a business school director. In his youth he attended elementary school from 1898 to 1901 and then from 1901 to 1905 a Progymnasium and then from 1905 to 1910 a training institute for teachers. Like his father, he then worked as a primary school teacher and then as a trade school teacher. In 1911/12, Schmuck did his one-year service in the 6th Company of the 21st Infantry Regiment “Grand Duke Friedrich IV of Mecklenburg-Schwerin” of the Bavarian Army in Fürth .

From August 1914, jewelry took part in the First World War. First he was deployed from August 1914 to February 1915 in the Brigade Replacement Battalion 3/11 and in the 9th Company of the 13th Infantry Regiment "Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary" . After being wounded on February 23, 1915, he did not return to the front until July 1916. Until December 1918 he was used as platoon leader , position construction officer, catering officer and leader in the 9th Company of the 28th Infantry Regiment and in the 8th Company of the Landwehr Infantry Regiment 2 on the Eastern and Western Fronts.

Weimar Republic

After the war, Schmuck worked as a trade teacher, most recently as a vocational school director in Neustadt an der Aisch.

From 1921 to 1923 Schmuck belonged to the Freikorps and then to the Bund Oberland , where he last held functions as a company commander.

After the failure of the Hitler putsch , Schmuck joined the Blücher-Bund, a splinter group of the federal Oberland, in which he took over tasks as a local group leader. At about the same time he joined the Deutsche Werkgemeinschaft founded by Julius Streicher . From around 1924/1925, Schmuck abstained from politics and the paramilitary scene for a long time in order to rejoin the Bund Oberland (local group Neustadt an der Aisch ) in 1927 , which he left again in 1929 to join the NSDAP on May 1, 1929 (Membership number 130.626).

In the NSDAP, Schmuck initially took on tasks as press officer for the NSDAP's district leader. From 1929 to 1935 he also acted as district or district speaker of the party and at times also as sub-district leader of the NSDAP in Neustadt an der Aisch , where he was one of the active members of the Neustadt "teacher brigade", which carried out national socialist propaganda in speech evenings and other events. The Sturmabteilung (SA) came relatively late in jewelry until 1 January 1932nd Bruce Campbell considers this to be a result of Schmuck's involvement in the so-called Feldjägerkorps, a secret Reichswehr militia that fell between around 1930 and 1932. In the SA, Schmuck initially led the SA reserve in Neustadt an der Aisch from January 1 to June 30, 1932. On July 1, 1932 he was promoted to SA-Sturmführer in order to be assigned to this rank from July 1, 1932 to February 28, 1933 as SA-Führer zV of the Franken group. At the same time he acted as leader of the teaching tower of SA Standard 8.

Nazi era

From March 1 to March 31, 1933, Schmuck was entrusted with the management of SA Standard 8, which he then led as a regular leader until December 31. The background to this appointment was his loyalty to Julius Streicher, to whom he had shown his loyalty during the so-called Stegmann revolt , a mutiny of the Franconian SA against Streicher. During this time he was promoted in quick succession to SA-Sturmbannführer and SA-Gruppenführer.

From January 1, 1935, Schmuck was given leave of absence as a vocational school director (commercial instructor) for full-time SA service. From January 1 to September 14, 1935, he was initially charged with the command of SA Brigade 79 “Lower Franconia” in Würzburg . On July 5, 1935, he moved from Neustadt an der Aisch to Würzburg. From May 1 to November 9, 1935 he was also chairman of the examination commission for Sturmbannführer of the SA group Franconia, from September 15, 1935 to November 9, 1936 leader of the SA Brigade 79. From 1936 he was also a member of the Mainfranken Chamber of Labor.

From November 10, 1936 to February 28, 1937 Schmuck was entrusted with the management of the leadership school of the Supreme SA leadership in Dresden , which he then headed from March 1, 1937 to June 30, 1938 as regular director. He was then appointed to the Supreme SA Leadership (OSAF), where from July 1 to 31, 1938 he was entrusted with the management of the chief of the Office for Organization and Operations in the Main Leadership Office of OSAF. From August 1, 1938 to August 14, 1939 he was the regular head of this office. In this position he was promoted to SA group leader on January 30, 1939. From August 15, 1939 to January 31, 1942, Schmuck then held the office of head of the Office for Physical Training (Office for Physical Exercise) in the main leadership office of OSAF.

On the occasion of the Reichstag elections of 1936 and 1938, Schmuck ran unsuccessfully for the National Socialist Reichstag .

From January 1940 to September 15, 1944, Schmuck took part in the Second World War as a reserve officer , most recently as a member of the staff of an army group. Since 1942 he had the rank of major .

On February 1, 1942, Schmuck was appointed leader of the Bayernwald SA group based in Bayreuth . In practice, however, he only exercised this function after his discharge from the army in 1944 (indispensable by the military replacement inspection in Munich). He held this position until the end of the war in 1945.

Campbell sees jewelry a prime example of the type of "good soldier" ( good soldier ) within him, Campbell, established classification of the SA leadership corps in different types. By the good soldier he understands a technocrat who emerged from the military association movement and who gradually and rather inconspicuously worked his way up to the highest ranks in the SA.

Promotions

March 1, 1933: SA-Sturmbannführer
March 31, 1933: SA-Stdanrtenführer
April 20, 1935: SA Oberführer
April 20, 1936: SA Brigade Leader
January 30, 1939: SA group leader

literature

Bruce Campbell: The SA Generals and the Rise of Nazism. Lexington: Univ. Press of Kentucky 2004, ISBN 978-0-8131-9098-3 .

Web links

Joachim Lilla : Schmuck, Ludwig , in: ders .: Minister of State, senior administrative officials and (NS) functionaries in Bavaria from 1918 to 1945 , accessed on April 7, 2013.

Individual evidence

^ Wolfgang Mück: Nazi stronghold in Middle Franconia: The völkisch awakening in Neustadt an der Aisch 1922–1933. Verlag Philipp Schmidt, 2016 (= Streiflichter from home history. Special volume 4); ISBN 978-3-87707-990-4 , p. 233 and more often.
^ Wolfgang Mück: Nazi stronghold in Middle Franconia: The völkisch awakening in Neustadt an der Aisch 1922–1933. Verlag Philipp Schmidt, 2016 (= Streiflichter from home history. Special volume 4); ISBN 978-3-87707-990-4 , p. 233.

personal data
SURNAME	Jewelry, Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Jewelry, Ludwig Julius Albert (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German politician (NSDAP), SA leader
DATE OF BIRTH	June 13, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH	Weißenburg in Bavaria
DATE OF DEATH	May 8, 1945
Place of death	Tann (Lower Bavaria)

[1] Wolfgang Mück: Nazi stronghold in Middle Franconia: The völkisch awakening in Neustadt an der Aisch 1922–1933. Verlag Philipp Schmidt, 2016 (= Streiflichter from home history. Special volume 4); ISBN 978-3-87707-990-4 , p. 233 and more often.

[2] Wolfgang Mück: Nazi stronghold in Middle Franconia: The völkisch awakening in Neustadt an der Aisch 1922–1933. Verlag Philipp Schmidt, 2016 (= Streiflichter from home history. Special volume 4); ISBN 978-3-87707-990-4 , p. 233.