Ludwig Traube (physician)

Ludwig grape

Ludwig Traube (born January 12, 1818 in Ratibor , Upper Silesia , † April 11, 1876 in Berlin ) was a German doctor and is considered a co-founder of experimental pathology in Germany.

Life

Ludwig Traube was the eldest son of a Jewish wine merchant. As one of the youngest graduates, at the age of 17, he obtained his secondary school leaving certificate in Racibórz in 1835. He studied medicine in Breslau and from 1837 in Berlin and Vienna  - a. a. with Jan Evangelista Purkinje (1787–1869) and Johannes Peter Müller (1801–1858). In addition, he conducted philosophical studies with a particular interest in Spinoza's philosophy . In 1840 he received his doctorate a. a. on pulmonary emphysema (“Specimina nonnulla physiologica et pathologica”), expanded his knowledge with Karl Freiherr von Rokitansky (1804–1878) and Josef von Škoda (1805–1881) in Vienna. From 1841 he was assistant to a poor doctor in Berlin. In 1848 he completed his habilitation as a private lecturer and in 1849 became Johann Lukas Schönlein’s first civil assistant (1793–1865) at the Charité . Ludwig Traube was involved in the revolutionary events of 1848 at least as a doctor . The later important botanist Nathanael Pringsheim (1823-1894), who belonged to the Friends of Traubes, got caught up in the armed conflict in Berlin and was arrested. A critically injured friend of Pringsheim was saved thanks to the help of Ludwig Traube. In 1853, Traube became the doctor in charge of the department for lung patients at the Charité and later head of the propaedeutic clinic. In addition, his activity extended to teaching at the military medical schools. He was chief physician in the internal department of the hospital of the Jewish community in Berlin. His Jewish descent was a major obstacle to his academic career, but in 1857 Traube became an associate professor and in 1862 a full professor at the Friedrich Wilhelms Institute in Berlin. In 1858 he joined the Society of Friends . In 1866 he became a secret medical advisor and in 1872 a full professor at Berlin University. Ludwig Traube suffered from ischemic heart disease, from which he presumably died. His grave is in the Jewish cemetery in Berlin Schönhauser Allee and has been preserved.

Ludwig Traube was in close contact with his brother Moritz Traube , who, as an exceptional private scholar, pioneered physiological chemistry. The well-known Berlin doctor Moritz Litten (1845–1907) was his son-in-law. Ludwig Traube was married to Cora Marckwald; the marriage resulted in three daughters and two sons. Long before the era of serum and antibiotic therapy, he was unable to save his eldest son, who had diphtheria at the age of 5, from death, which was a lasting traumatic event for Traube. The second son, Ludwig Traube (1861–1907), was a well-known philologist and paleographer; their daughter Margarete Traube (1856–1912) married the doctor and professor of physiology in Rome Franz Boll (1849–1879). His nephews Wilhelm Traube (chemist, 1866–1942) and Albert Fraenkel (internist, 1848–1916) also belong to the family of scholars Traube-Litten-Fraenkel, which in the following generations produced other outstanding representatives of the natural sciences and humanities. Traube's granddaughter, Anna Celli-Fraentzel (1878–1958), learned to be a nurse at the Hamburg-Eppendorf hospital and then worked for 15 years in the malaria-infested Campagna in Italy. She built nursing stations especially for malaria sufferers.

Grave site with Louis as a first name

Ludwig Traube died at the age of 58. He was buried in the Jewish cemetery Schönhauser Allee in Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg .

Appreciation

Ludwig Traube achieved particular merits in establishing experimental pathophysiological research in Germany (among other things, he carried out animal experiments in his Berlin apartment in Oranienburger Str. In the 1940s) and in the further development and dissemination of physical research methods (auscultation and percussion) and as a systematist of medical documentation (introduction of the fever-pulse-respiratory rate curve into clinical practice). He researched the pathophysiology of breathing and temperature regulation and placed digitalist therapy on a scientific basis. The close connections between heart and kidney diseases were shown by him. In scientific and personal exchange, he was a. with Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), with whom he z. B. founded the contributions to experimental pathology .

Honors

The University of Leiden awarded Ludwig Traube an honorary doctorate in 1875. A memorial was erected on the Charité site in 1878. In 1927 a street in Ratibor was named “Dr. Traubestrasse ". The eponyms can be traced back to Ludwig Traube:

• "Traubescher double tone" (auscultation sound over peripheral arteries, e.g. in the case of aortic insufficiency)
• "Traubian noise" (gallop rhythm in heart failure)
• "Traubescher Raum" (crescent-shaped thoracic area between liver and spleen with tympanitic tapping sound, damping in the case of left-sided pleural effusion)
• "Traubesche dyspnea" (form of inspiratory shortness of breath)
• "Grape ash plugs" (cheesy expectoration in bronchiectasis)
• "Traube-Hering-Mayersche waves" (rhythmic blood pressure fluctuations)
• "Grape ash corpuscles" (dysmorphic, hypochromic erythrocytes)

Fonts

• The causes and the nature of those changes which the lung parenchyma after cutting through the Nn. vagi suffers. In: Contributions to experimental pathology and physiology. Volume 1, (Berlin) 1846, pp. 65-200.
• Contribution to the study of the symptoms of suffocation in the respiratory system. Contributions to experimental pathology . 1846 and 1847.
• On periodic manifestations of activity of the vasomotor and inhibitory nerve center . In: Centralblatt für die Medicinischen Wissenschaften . Berlin, 1865, 3: 881-885.
• Symptoms of diseases of the respiratory and circulatory apparatus. Lectures held at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin . Hirschwald, Berlin 1867.
• Collected contributions to pathology and physiology . Hirschwald, Berlin 1871–1878.
• A case of pulsus bigeminus, along with remarks about liver swelling in valve defects and acute liver atrophy . In: Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift , 1872, 9: 185–188, 221–224.

Sources and literature

• Julius Pagel :  Traube, Ludwig . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 38, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, pp. 504-507.
• TRAUBE-LITTEN estate. Berlin State Library. Prussian cultural property. Manuscript dept.
• Traube, Ludwig .: Letters to Virchow, literature archive of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin, NL-Virchow 2188, 9 Bl.
• Berndt, H .: Ludwig Traube's contribution to nephrology. Magazine Urol. Nephrol. 79: 171-174 (1986).
• Jewish Lexicon. Berlin (1930), pp. 1034-1035.
• Ernst Gottfried Lowenthal: Jews in Prussia. A biographical directory . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-496-01012-6 , p. 226.
• Winninger, S .: Large Jewish National Biography. Vol. 6, Bucharest (1936), pp. 125-126.
• Henrik Franke: Moritz Traube (1826–1894) From Wine Merchant to Academician, “Studies and Sources for the History of Chemistry”, Volume 9, Verlag für Wissenschafts- und Regionalgeschichte Dr. Michael Engel, ISBN 3-929134-21-7 .
• Marianne Büning, Ludwig (Louis) Traube - doctor and university professor. Founder of experimental pathology , Berlin: Hentrich & Hentrich Verlag, 2008, ISBN 9783938485781 .
• Traube, Ludwig . In: Walther Killy , Rudolf Vierhaus (Hrsg.): Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie . Vol. 10. Saur, Munich 1999 ISBN 3-598-23170-9 , p. 71

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Traube  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Ludwig Traube, Who Named it
• Ludwig Traube, Jewish Encyclopedia
• Literature by and about Ludwig Traube in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Volker Klimpel : Anna Celli-Fraentzel (1878-1958) , in: Hubert Kolling (Hrsg.): Biographical Lexicon for Nursing History " Who was who in nursing history ", Volume 6, hpsmedia Hungen 2012, pp. 51 + 52.
2. ^ Giovanna Alatri: Anna Fraentzel Celli (1878-1958). In: Parassitologia , 1998, Volume 40, pp. 377-421.
3. ↑ knerger.de: The grave of Ludwig Traube