Mill ponds in the old district of Düren

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The mill ponds , as the mill ditches in the old district of Düren are called, have a long history. The ponds in the old district of Düren , as it existed before 1972, i.e. without Jülich, are treated here . According to previous knowledge, it is assumed that the mill ponds are older than the city of Düren . The mill ponds were fed by the Rur . The mill ponds in the old district of Düren with their numerous water mills have played an important role in the economic development in the district of Düren, because for many centuries water power was the most important source of energy.

Ponds on the right bank of the Rur

  • The Oberschneidhausener Teich was in the area of ​​the Drove subordination . It was created around 1768 to operate an iron cutting mechanism.
  • The Kreuzau pond was in the territory of the Duke of Jülich . Due to a subsequent territory, the tributary had to flow into the Rur again about 100 meters below the Schneidhausener Bridge. It is attested as early as 1303. On its lower reaches was the paper mill that was abandoned because the pond kept breaking out into the Rur flowing next to it. This was a consequence of the lowering of the Rurbett. The cost of the permanent fortification work was no longer affordable.
  • The Niederauer pond was on the territory of the subordinate Burgau. The weir of the Niederauer pond was exposed to constant destruction. When the Strepp'sche Mühle was given up, the opportunity arose to save the high maintenance costs. For this purpose, the lower part of the Kreuzau pond was connected to the Niederau pond by a newly dug pond. That happened at the beginning of the 19th century, when the old sovereign borders had long since fallen. The Friedenau paper mill was built on the new pond. Since it is not yet listed in the mill register from 1830, the ponds were connected after this point in time.
  • The Düren pond was also on the territory of the Duke of Jülich. Originally it was derived above Schoellershammer , touched Düren, Birkesdorf , Köttenich on its course and flowed back into the Rur near Krauthausen in the Jülich district . A continuation would have been possible without further ado, but the Jülich office in Düren ceased at Niederkrauthausen and the Oberamt Jülich joined. From this it can be seen that the limits of the offices were also observed. A new pond was then immediately drained in the Jülich Oberamt. At the end of the 18th century, the weir of the Düren pond was relocated a few 100 meters upstream (up to above the Lendersdorf hospital ). The "Hoeschmühle" was built on the new part of the pond. The new facility was not acceptable to the subordinate of Burgau.

Ponds on the left Rurufer

  • The Untermaubacher pond was in the area of ​​the subordinate Maubach.
  • The Hochkoppeler pond was also in the area of ​​the subordinate Maubach.
  • The Windener pond was in the territory of the Duke of Jülich.
  • The Lendersdorf pond was in the territory of the Duke of Jülich. It was first mentioned in 1342 and it left the Rur Kreuzau opposite, flowed past Lendersdorf, Gut Boisdorf and Rölsdorf and touched Düren at what is now the city ​​park . Here he was closest to the Rur, only to then move away again. At this point the Lendersdorfer pond formerly flowed into the Rur; for here the subordinate Gürzenich stepped in , which of course had its own pond. The lower course of the Lendersdorfer pond was connected to the upper course of the Gürzenich pond. This eliminated the high military costs. The “Kaysersmühle” was laid out on the new stretch of the pond. The connection must have been made early, probably in the second half of the 15th century. The pond is 15 km long. By 1830, 21 mills were still in operation at the Lendersdorf mill pond. In autumn 2016 the bridge in Der Monschauer Straße was renewed.
  • The Jammerthalsteich , which no longer exists today, branched off from the Rur at about Gut Boisdorf , a little downstream. It ran along today's Dr.-Overhues-Allee parallel to the Rur downstream. At this mill pond there was first the thimble mill ( thimble mill, oil mill, later tar mill) and then the Katterbachsmühle. The thimble mill was located at the Dr. Overhues Allee , left of the street Am Jugendstadion . The Katterbachs-Mühle (flour and oil mill) was located between today's Cornetzhofschule and Rur, northwest of today's senior citizens' home. This pond then crossed today's Monschauer Strasse at the level of the Ferebauer (Opel) car dealership. On the other side of the street at this pond was the Jammertalshof / Spitalmühle (grain mill). In an arc towards the Rur, this pond crossed Valencienner Strasse in front of the Stadtpark restaurant. Then it flowed in an arc around the Stadtparkrestaurant through the area of ​​today's Stadtpark and flowed back into the Rur before the Bismarck Bridge. This mill pond and the mills are shown on the topographical survey of the Rhineland carried out between 1801 and 1828 under Jean Joseph Tranchot . The street In der Mühlenau in Rölsdorf is a reference to these mills.
  • The Gürzenich pond was on the territory of the subordinate Gürzenich. He stepped around below the Bismarckbrücke from the Roer, flowed at Gürzenich over to Maria Weiler and led above the railway bridge of the circle line of the Dürener circular path in the Roer.
  • The Mariaweiler-Merkener pond was again on the territory of the Duke of Jülich. He left the Rur immediately after the influence of the Gürzenich pond, flowed through Mariaweiler, Hoven , Merken and flowed into the Rur at Schophoven . Here was the limit of the pier-memorizing thing chair . It is possible that originally the two ponds were divided between Hoven and Merken; for the Nörvenich office ceased , and the stretch from Merken to Schophoven lay in the Dingstuhl.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.aachener-zeitung.de/lokales/dueren/muehlenteich-fliesst-durch-rohre-ueber-die-strasse-1.1472406
  2. ↑ Clemens Bruckner, Hermann Kellenbenz: On the economic history of the administrative district of Aachen, Volume 16, 1967, p. 376
  3. ↑ Friedrich von Restorff: Topographical-Statistical Description of the Royal Prussian Rhine Provinces, 1830, p. 799f