Maarouf al-Dawalibi

Maarouf (Ma'aruf) al-Dawalibi ( Arabic معروف الدواليبي, DMG Maʿrūf ad-Dawālībī ; * March 29, 1909 (other source: 1907 ) in Aleppo , Ottoman Empire ; † January 15, 2004 in Saudi Arabia ) was a Syrian politician .

Life

Al-Dawalibi was elected Member of Parliament in 1947, one year after Syria gained independence from France on April 17, 1946, representing the constituency of his hometown Aleppo . In 1949 he was appointed Minister of Economics .

As a co-founder of the People's Party, which advocated the maintenance of the democratic system and the establishment of a union with neighboring Iraq , he justified his distrust in the politicians from Damascus . In 1951, he was speaker of parliament for a short time from June to September.

On November 28, 1951, he became Prime Minister for the first time . However, when he refused to appoint the previous defense minister, Fawzi Selu, to his cabinet, military leader Adib asch-Shishakli ordered Dawalibi's arrest on November 29, 1951. His entire cabinet and all pro-Iraq politicians in Syria, including the leaders of the People's Party, Nazim al-Qudsi and Rushdi al-Kichiya , were detained. President Hashim Chalid al-Atassi resigned in protest and switched to the opposition . Shishakli deployed his right-hand man Fawzi Selu as chief of staff, prime minister, defense minister and president.

During the renewed term of office of al-Atassi as president after the overthrow of al-Shishakli, he was Minister of Defense from February 1954 to September 1955.

After the People's Party's electoral success, he became Prime Minister again on December 22, 1961 and also took over the post of Foreign Minister . On March 28, 1962, however, he was deposed in a military coup .

After the Ba'ath Party came to power in the coup of Lieutenant General Louai al-Atassi on March 8, 1963, he was arrested along with all other opponents of the United Arab Republic and taken to the notorious Mezze military prison. After his release a few months later, he first went into exile in Lebanon and later in Saudi Arabia , where he worked as a private advisor to the kings of Saudi Arabia.

In his role as advisor to the Saudi Arabian King Khalid ibn Abd al-Aziz traveled Dawalibi at the request of Pakistani President Mohammad Zia-ul-Haq in September 1978 after Pakistan to where the Council of Islamic Ideology ( Council of Islamic Ideology ) to the Islamization of laws in Pakistan to advise. Dawalibi met there with members of the council, with the Pakistani Minister of Justice and the Indo-Pakistani journalist and philosopher Abū l-Aʿlā Maudūdī . Dawalibi helped the Council of Islamic Ideology to shape new Islamic laws for Pakistan until 1979. The laws were initially written in Arabic, later translated into English and Urdu. Pakistan's President Zia announced on February 10, 1979 the introduction of an Islamic system ( Nizam-i-Islam ), which resulted in the Islamization of areas of public life, politics and the judicial system of Pakistan. Dawalibi's involvement in shaping Islamic legislation in Pakistan has not been public for many years.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ghattas, Kim: Black wave: Saudi Arabia, Iran and the rivalry that unraveled the Middle East . Wildfire, London 2020, ISBN 978-1-4722-7110-5 , pp. 116-117 .
2. ↑ Ghattas, Kim: Black wave: Saudi Arabia, Iran and the rivalry that unraveled the Middle East . Wildfire, London 2020, ISBN 978-1-4722-7110-5 , pp. 119 .

Web links

• rulers.org