Magnus I (Sweden)

Magnus Ladulås as king

Seal of Magnus Ladulås

Coat of arms of Magnus Ladulås

Magnus Ladulås (actually Magnus Birgersson ; * 1240 ; † December 18, 1290 on Visingsö ) was King of Sweden between 1275 and 1290 .

biography

He was the son of Birger Jarl and his first wife Ingeborg Eriksdotter . In 1276 he married Helvig von Holstein , the daughter of Count Gerhard I von Holstein .

In 1266, after his father's death, Magnus Ladulås took over his office as Jarl and tried to give the office the same level of power that Birger Jarl had previously exercised. As a result, he came into conflict with his brother, King Waldemar , who went into open combat in 1275. Together with his younger brother Erik and the support of the Danish King Erik Klipping , Magnus defeated the royal supporters at Hova . In the same year, after Waldemar had forcibly abdicated, he was elected King of Sweden and was crowned king in Uppsala in May.

It took Magnus Ladulås five years to consolidate his rule. The power struggle of his abdicated brother, differences of opinion with the Danish king and a nobility revolt in 1278 threatened his rule. In 1280 Waldemar had finally given up his claims, the nobles had reconciled with Magnus or had been executed, and the church had switched to the king's side through a promise of far-reaching privileges.

Magnus Ladulås carried out extensive reforms over the next decade. In the statutes of Alsnö (1280) and Skänninge (1284) the relationship between royalty and nobility was regulated. The status of the knights emerged , who were exempt from tax. A royal peace was announced and blood revenge was finally forbidden. The church was also exempted from tax liability in the privileges of Söderköping in 1281. Fixed castles with associated - not hereditary - fiefs were built and a new tax system was introduced. And last but not least, a royal council was established in the event that the heir to the throne is still under the age of majority at the death of the king.

In 1285 and 1288 Magnus Ladulås signed treaties with Gotland that eventually brought the island under royal suzerainty. In December 1290 he died of natural causes on the island of Visingsö and was buried in the Riddarholm Church in Stockholm .

progeny

The following children emerged from his marriage to Helvig von Holstein:

• Ingeborg (1277-1319) married Erik Menved of Denmark in 1296 .
• Birger I († 1321), 1290–1318 King of Sweden
• Erik († 1318), Duke of Södermanland (1282-1318)
• Waldemar († 1318), Duke of Finland

literature

• Beatrice La Farge: Magnus Birgersson Ladulås . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 6, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1993, ISBN 3-7608-8906-9 , Sp. 99.
• Lars O. Lagerqvist: Sverige och des regenter under 1000 år . Norrtälje 1976. ISBN 91-0-041538-3 . P. 75.
• Lars O. Lagerqvist: Sveriges regenter: från forntid till nutid . Norstedt, Stockholm 1997, ISBN 91-1-963882-5 , pp. 73ff.

Web links

Commons : Magnus I. (Sweden)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

predecessor	Office	successor
Waldemar I.	King of Sweden 1275–1290	Birger I.