Memorial to the memory of Jewish life on Ohestrasse

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The memorial in Ohestrasse, erected in 1990 by students from the Hanover vocational school center

The memorial commemorating Jewish life on Ohestrasse in Hanover was designed by students from the vocational school center there . It commemorates the crimes committed during the National Socialist era to destroy Jewish life in Hanover . The location of the memorial , which was erected on the site of the former “Jewish Education Center”, is Ohestrasse 8 near Waterlooplatz and the Ihme in the Calenberger Neustadt district .

history

Welcoming the Empress Auguste Viktoria in 1898 at the Black Bear in Linden ; in the background on the right part of Ohestrasse in the Wilhelminian style ;
Postcard No. 552 from Karl F. Wunder
View on June 18, 1899 from Waterlooplatz on the occasion of the "Waterloofeier" to the buildings in the background on the left in Ohestrasse;
so-called "event card" by Karl F. Wunder
Stylized view of the school building, demolished in 1971, on the memorial plaque

Since the 1880s, the Hanoverian banker Alexander Moritz Simon has been committed to “improving the economic, social and political situation of German Jews through 'job redeployment'”. In line with his motto: "Help can be provided not through alms, but through education for work", Simon founded the association for the promotion of horticultural and handicraft lessons in 1885 : he started at the school founded by the banker on Ohestrasse practical lessons for the pupils before he later opened the Israelitische Erziehungsanstalt in Ahlem in 1893 .

The later memorial plaque summarizes this development in Ohestrasse as follows:

“In the Ohestrasse the Jews of Hanover have been building cultural and social institutions since 1887: schools and teacher training, kindergarten and public kitchen. Central Office for Welfare Care ... "

After anti-Semitism was “omnipresent” in Hanover as early as the 1920s, the state-wanted, even controlled, destruction of Jewish life began when the National Socialists seized power in 1933. In 1938 the Nazis set their brand throughout Germany with the so-called “Reichskristallnacht” ; The New Synagogue , which was also located in the Calenberger Neustadt at the time , was destroyed in this way.

After the Second World War was evoked, the Lauterbacher campaign finally made the buildings Ohestrasse 8/9 one of the 16 so-called “ Jewish houses ” in Hanover , in which the Hanoverian Jews were initially crammed and then exterminated via the Fischerhof train station in Linden were transported away. In addition the memorial plaque in Ohestrasse:

“... The National Socialists destroyed the Jewish community. In 1941/42 the Gestapo collected more than 340 people in houses Ohestrasse 8 and 9 for deportation to the ghettos and concentration camps in Warsaw , Theresienstadt , Riga and Auschwitz ... "

Page from the address book of the city of Hanover from 1942 with the beneficiaries of the buildings in Ohestrasse at the time

In June 1942 the National Socialists had completely cleared the entire Ohestrasse of the disenfranchised Jews: The buildings formerly owned by Jews were handed over to the city of Hanover, which used the buildings that survived the air raids on Hanover in different ways until the end of the war.

After the end of the war, the buildings in Ohestrasse 8/9 were used for a short time by the Jewish Committee Hannover , an organization of Jews who had survived the Holocaust .

The "Metal Technology Vocational School . Electrical engineering of the Hanover region, Otto Brenner School (bbs me) ”on the site of the historic building Ohestrasse 8/9 ;
Photo of the Waterloo Column (2013)

In 1971, the two formerly Jewish buildings were demolished in order to replace the new vocational schools (BBS). (Architects Sigrid and Walter Kleine , completion 1976)

After students of the BBS had already dealt historically and culturally, theoretically and practically with the project Ohestrasse memorial in a variety of ways since 1986 , the memorial was inaugurated on April 27, 1990 with the participation of the then mayor Herbert Schmalstieg and "Mr. Raphael, whose parents of had been deported from here to Riga. ”The plaque notes:

"... This memorial was erected in 1990 to commemorate Jewish life on Ohestrasse and to accuse it of the crime of its destruction."

As one of the last original building evidence from the early years of Ohestrasse, a former " garrison building ", which was later used by the BBS as a school building and mason's hall, was demolished by the demolition company Hagedorn .

See also

literature

  • Peter Schulze : Ohestrasse - a historical place of Hanoverian Jewry. In: State capital Hanover: Memorial Ohestrasse , ed. from the Oberstadtdirektor and from the history workshop in the vocational school center, Hanover: 1990;
    • last published by Reinhard Jacobs: Terror under the swastika. Places of remembrance in Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt , ed. from IG Metall district management in Hanover, Steidl, 2000, ISBN 3-88243-761-8
  • History workshop in the vocational school center: Memorial Ohestrasse , ed. from the state capital Hanover, the Oberstadtdirektor, Hanover, 1991
  • NN : Memorial to the memory of Jewish life. Vocational school center, Ohestrasse 8. In: Places of Remembrance: Signposts to sites of persecution and resistance during the Nazi regime in the Hanover region , ed. from the Network Remembrance and Future in the Hanover Region, Hanover 2007, [without ISBN] p. 76f .; Slightly changed in terms of content also available for download as a PDF document
  • Marlis Buchholz: Die hannoverschen Judenhäuser: On the situation of the Jews in the time of ghettoization and persecution 1941 to 1945 , in the series sources and representations on the history of Lower Saxony , Volume 101, Hildesheim: Lax, 1987, ISBN 3-7848-3501-5
  • Ruth Herskovits-Gutmann: Emigration not possible for the time being: The story of the Herskovits family from Hanover , ed. translated and commented by Bernhard Strebel , Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-89244-507-9 , passim ; partly online via Google books

Web links

Commons : Ohestraße (Hannover)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Reinhard Tenhumberg: Hanover Ohestraße 8/9 , personal page under the title of the Tenhumberg family with names of individual persecuted persons and their fates, last accessed on September 1, 2013

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e N.N .: Memorial to the memory of Jewish life ... (see literature)
  2. ^ Waldemar R. Röhrbein : SIMON, (2) Alexander Moritz. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , pp. 335f .; online through google books
  3. ↑ a b c Compare the (photo) documentation at Commons (see under the section Web Links )
  4. ↑ Peter Schulze: Jews. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 326ff.
  5. ^ Klaus Mlynek : National Socialism in Hanover. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 461ff.
  6. ↑ Peter Schulze: Reichskristallnacht. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 520
  7. ^ Peter Schulze: Action Lauterbacher. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 17
  8. ↑ Marlis Buchholz: The Hanoverian Jewish Houses ... (see literature)
  9. ↑ Compare, for example, this poster from the Remembrance and Future Network in the Hanover Region
  10. ^ Waldemar R. Röhrbein : 1976. In: Hannover Chronik , online via Google books
  11. ↑ comparisons this discussion on an external website which claims but not by verifiable References occupied are; last accessed on September 1, 2013
  12. ↑ Thomas Hagedorn, Günter Meier (managing director): Hanover, Ohestraße 3a / school building and bricklaying hall  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , with small photos of the building and the demolition work, on the abbruch-hagedorn.de website , last accessed on September 1, 2013@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.abbruch-hagedorn.de  

Coordinates: 52 ° 21 '57.2 "  N , 9 ° 43' 28.3"  E