Malcoci (Tulcea)

Malcoci Malkotsch
Basic data
State :	Romania
Historical region :	Dobruja
Circle :	Tulcea
Municipality :	Nufăru
Coordinates :	45 ° 8 '  N , 28 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 8 '21 "  N , 28 ° 53' 13"  E
Time zone :	EET ( UTC +2)
Residents :	953 (2011)
Postal code :	827172
Telephone code :	(+40) 02 40
License plate :	TL
Structure and administration
Community type :	Village

Malcoci [ malˈcotʃi ] ( German  Malkotsch ) is a village in the Dobrudscha region , in the Tulcea district , in Romania . It is part of the Nufăru municipality .

Geographical location

The village of Malcoci is located west of the Sfântu-Gheorghe arm of the Danube . On the district road (Drum județean) DJ 222C about seven kilometers southeast of the district capital Tulcea (Tultscha) and four kilometers west of the community center.

Neighboring places

Tulcea	Sfântu Gheorghe arm	Nufăru
Telița		Victoria
Cataloi	Aghighiol	Beştepe

history

The village was founded in 1842 by German settlers from Swabia , Alsace-Lorraine , the Palatinate and other south-west German areas who left their homeland for economic reasons in the early 19th century. They lived in Bessarabia near Odessa for about thirty years before moving on from there under the leadership of Ignatz Hoffrat. According to tradition, the legal advantages for the German settlers were abolished there, such as the exemption from compulsory military service, so that they continued south - just beyond the Danube Delta .

Dissolution of the German community in Malcoci

Malcoci was ruled by the Dobruja Germans for almost a hundred years . In November 1940, after the resettlement of the German population to Germany, only a few residents remained. Those resettled in the course of Aktion Heim im Reich were housed in Lower Franconian camps (many in Aschaffenburg ) and in 1942 were brought to the Polish territories conquered by war, where they were assigned the goods of the dispossessed Polish population. After the expulsion at the end of the war, many Malkotscher returned to Lower Franconia. In the municipality of Mainaschaff (district of Aschaffenburg) the "Heimatverein der Malkotscher eV" was founded, which no longer exists today. In the period from 1965 to 1980, "Malkotschertreffen" took place every five years in the main valley hall there, at which the former residents of Malcoci, but also all their descendants, came together. Many of them traveled from far and wide for this purpose - including from the USA, where some of them had emigrated in the 1950s.

In Mainaschaff, on the occasion of the Malkotschertreffen in 1970, to which the former Malkotsch mayor Mathias Ehret (1892–1977) traveled from the GDR , a Malkotscher Straße was inaugurated.

German was mostly spoken in Malkotsch until 1940 - officially, however, this was undesirable and, for example, forbidden to children in school. The Malkotscher were almost without exception farmers and winegrowers - as in their original south-west German areas.

Archaeological finds

In 2007, the Tulcea History and Archeology Museum acquired an ax that was found at Malcoci. The ax is of the Patulele type, widespread in the southern part of Transylvania, Wallachia, Moldavia, Wallachia, Banat and Dobruja, and is dated to the beginning of the Bronze Age (2400–2200 BC).

Malcoci has two other archaeological sites:

• a fortress and Dacian-Thracian settlement of the Latène period (5th – 1st century BC) 800 meters east of the town center
• Finds from the Hallstatt period (around 800 to 475 BC) 500 meters northwest of the town center.

The archaeological finds illustrate the Thracian origin of the place name. "Mal" is one of the important Thracian root nouns (racines determinantes) and can also be found in the name of the Roman province Dacia Malvensis , as well as the place Malcoci in the list of Thracian place names.

population

In 1896 there were 652 people in Malcoci, the majority of whom were Germans. In 1930 934 and 2002 1014 people were registered. In 2011 the village of Malcoci still had 953 inhabitants.

Attractions

• The former church of St. George has been in disrepair since 2007.

literature

• Malkotsch - the longest existing municipality in Dobruja ; Excerpt from the book "The Germans in the Dobrudscha" by Paul Traeger 1922, ( PDF )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ info-delta.ro , The village of Malcoci in the Tulcea district
2. ^ A new bronze age ax discovered in northern Dobrudja , Revista Peuce ISSN  0258-8102
3. ↑ Description of the Dacian-Thracian settlement of the Latène period
4. ^ Description of the finds from the Hallstatt period
5. ^ Editors: Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty , Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta: Namenforschung, An international handbook on onomastics , 1st part, Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, 1995, section 120. Ivan Duridanov, Thrakische and Dacian names, page 834
6. ^ Boldur: La Grande Thrace (The Great Thrace), Tome Premier, Madrid 1980
7. ↑ Information on the website of the municipality of Nufăru , accessed on April 1, 2020 (Romanian).
8. ↑ Information on Malkotsch on the website of the Bessarabiendeutschen Verein , accessed on April 1, 2020.
9. ^ Sebastian Szaktilla: Open Church Malkotsch. The Dobruja, accessed April 1, 2020 .