Marc Sangnier

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Marc Sangnier, 1919

Marc Sangnier (born April 3, 1873 in Paris ; † May 28, 1950 ibid) was a French Catholic thinker, politician and lawyer who founded the Le Sillon movement ("The Furrow") in 1894 . He was also committed to the education of workers and is considered one of the pioneers of the French youth hostel movement .

Life

From 1879 to 1894 Sangnier attended the renowned Collège Stanislas in Paris . From 1895 he studied at the École polytechnique and received his law degree in 1898.

Sangnier's goal was to unite Catholicism with the ideals of the French Revolution and to form an alternative to the anti-clerical socialist workers' movement. The Le Sillon movement , including Peter Maurin as a member, was initially successful; However, Sangnier's ideas were condemned by Pope Pius X in the apostolic letter to the French bishops Notre charge apostolique ("Our Apostolic Office") of August 25, 1910. Sangnier submitted and broke the movement.

Sangnier founded a daily newspaper, La Démocratie , which advocated equality for women, proportional representation in elections and pacifism. In 1912, Sangnier founded the League of the Young Republic to advance his vision of social Catholicism. Pope Benedict XV (1914–1922) partially rehabilitated Sangnier and his movement.

In 1914 he was called up for military service, served as a lieutenant and was awarded the Croix de guerre . Like other French Catholics, Sangnier was initially disappointed by the Pope's neutral stance during the war. After the war, however, he campaigned for Franco-German reconciliation and joined the Holy See's criticism of the Treaty of Versailles .

In 1919 Sangnier was elected to the French House of Representatives. As the unofficial ambassador of the French Republic to the Holy See , he helped to restore diplomatic relations in 1921. In 1923 he was "shouted down" in parliament because he campaigned against the occupation of the Ruhr area and for reconciliation with the "hereditary enemy" Germany. In 1924 he left parliament. His pacifist stance became increasingly unpopular, which is why he achieved such a poor election result in 1929 that he finally withdrew from politics and concentrated entirely on spreading his ideas.

In 1932 he founded the paper L'Éveil des Peuples ("the awakening of the peoples"), in which, among others, Pierre Cot and René Cassin participate temporarily. As early as 1928 he had found the then 19-year-old Émilien Amaury (later a major newspaper publisher in France) a first job with one of his newspapers.

Sangier was also a pioneer in the French youth hostel system. After a conversation with the German Richard Schirrmann , Sangnier decided to implement the idea in France as well. In 1929 the first French youth hostel was built in Boissy-la-Rivière in the Essonne department .

During the Second World War , Sangnier made his paper available to the Resistance . During the occupation by Germany he was arrested by the Gestapo and imprisoned in Fresnes prison. After the liberation, he represented the Mouvement républicain populaire (MRP) as a member of the French National Assembly from October 1945 until his death in 1950 .

Works

  • Discours (in 10 volumes):
  • Tome I - 1891-1906
  • Tome II -1906-1909
  • Tome III −1910-1913
  • Tome IV - 1912-1913
  • Tome V - 1913-1919
  • Tome VI - 1919-1922
  • Tome VII - 1922-1923
  • Tome VIII - 1923-1925
  • Tome IX - 1925-1929
  • Tome X - 1930-1937
  • L'Éducation sociale du peuple , Paris, Rondelet, 1899
  • Le Sillon, esprit et méthodes , Au Sillon, 1905
  • L'Esprit démocratique , Paris, Perrin, 1905
  • Par la mort , Au Sillon, 1905
  • Une méthode d'éducation démocratique , Au Sillon, 1906
  • Au lendemain des élections (under the pseudonym François Lespinat), Au Sillon, 1906
  • La vie profonde , Paris, Perrin, 1906
  • Le plus grand Sillon , Au Sillon, 1907
  • La trouée , Au Sillon, 1908
  • Devant l'affiche , Au Sillon, 1908
  • Chez les fous , Au Sillon, 1908
  • La lutte pour la democratie , Paris, Perrin, 1908
  • Dans l'attente et le silence , Au Sillon, sd Aux sources de l'éloquence, Paris, Bloud et Gay, 1908
  • Conférences aux soldats sur le front , Bloud et Gay, 1918
  • Ce que savent les jeunes Français d'aujourd'hui , La Démocratie, 1918
  • Le val noir , La Démocratie, 1919
  • L'âme commune , 1920-1921
  • L'anniversaire , La Démocratie, 1928
  • Albert de Mun , Paris, Alcan, 1932
  • Autrefois , Paris, Bloud et Gay, 1933
  • Le pacifisme d'action , Paris, Foyer de la Paix, 1936
  • Le combat pour la paix , Paris, Foyer de la Paix, 1937
  • Histoire des auberges de la jeunesse , édité par "Les auberges", 1946

literature

  • Willy Buschak , The Peace Crusade of the French pacifist Marc Sangnier, in: ders., The United States of Europe is our goal. Labor Movement and Europe in the Early 20th Century. Essen 2014. p. 263f.

Web links

Single receipts

  1. ^ Rehabilitating a Radical Catholic: Pope Benedict XV and Marc Sangnier, 1914-1922 , in: The Journal of Ecclesiastical History (2009), 60: 514-533 Cambridge University Press, doi : 10.1017 / S0022046907002539 .
  2. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated August 10, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Portrait of Alfons Erb , Valuable Future Initiative in the Archdiocese of Freiburg @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.initiative-wertvolle-zukunft.de
  3. ↑ Marc Sangnier. In: Base de données des députés français depuis 1789. National Assembly (France) , accessed on 19 January 2020 (French).
personal data
SURNAME Sangnier, Marc
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French Roman Catholic thinker, politician, theologian and lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH April 3, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH May 28, 1950
Place of death Paris