Margarita
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The margarita is a cocktail based on tequila (an original name was tequila daisy ). The short drink varies the classic basic structure of a sour ( spirit + citrus juice + sugar) by replacing the sugar (syrup) with Triple Sec , an orange liqueur .
In the course of the spread of tequila as a mixed spirit, the margarita also became popular worldwide in the second half of the 20th century and, along with Tequila Sunrise, is one of the most internationally known tequila drinks. In addition to the classic version, which is shaken on ice in a shaker and - often with a salt rim on the glass - served in a cocktail bowl without ice, the frozen margarita, which is prepared with crushed ice in a blender and served half-frozen, is also popular.
history
As with almost every classic cocktail, the margarita has numerous anecdotes and legends about its origins. The Mexican bartender Carlos Herrera is said to have mixed the drink in his bar in Tijuana , Mexico in 1938 or 1939 and named it after the show girl Marjorie King. According to another story, the name goes back to a showgirl named Margarita de la Rosa from Guadalajara (also 1938). In fact, the recipe was already established at that time: In a recipe collection published in 1937, which the bartender William J. “Bill” Tarling put together for the UKBG (United Kingdom Bartenders Guild) and the customers of the Bar Café Royal, the following cocktail can be found:
"Picador: 1/4 fresh lime or lemon juice, 1/4 Cointreau , 1/2 tequila. Shake."
The recipe corresponds to the preparation of a margarita that is still common today and differs from the cocktail sidecar, which was already known at the time, only in the changed basic spirit, namely tequila instead of brandy or cognac . The modification of the sidecar with tequila in the United States is also documented by name as the tequila sidecar from 1944 , and as early as 1936 tequila daisy made from tequila, orange liqueur and citrus juice was drank there. " Daisy " has been a common name for various sour-based cocktails since the 19th century and has been popular in the USA since the 1920s. Even if the earliest sources - such as the Syracuse Herald (1936) - did not give an exact recipe for tequila daisy, the connection to margarita is very close, because "daisy" ( English for "daisy") means margarita in Spanish .
It is therefore likely that the cocktail was created sometime during or shortly after alcohol prohibition in the United States , or in neighboring Mexico, where many wealthy Americans bought alcohol during prohibition. In this context, the Kentucky Club in the border town of Ciudad Juárez claims the invention of margarita for itself. In any case, there is evidence that the tequila manufacturer José Cuervo advertised a drink called Margarita as early as 1945. In 1953 Esquire magazine named the margarita "Drink of the Month" with the words "It is from Mexico, Señores, and it is pretty, exciting and provocative."
Margarita has been served in bars around the world since the 1950s. Today it is listed by the International Bartenders Association (IBA) in its list of “Official Cocktails” in the “Contemporary Classics” category. In 1977 singer Jimmy Buffett also popularized the drink in his biggest hit, Margaritaville . The margarita is one of the internationally best-known mixed drinks; In a survey by a travel portal on the cocktails and drinks ordered most frequently in hotel bars around the world , it came in 8th.
preparation
A margarita is usually made from two parts of tequila and one part each of Triple Sec (orange liqueur) and lime juice . The cocktail is always shaken with ice in the cocktail shaker, strained into a cocktail bowl without ice and served in an ideally pre-chilled glass with a salt rim. The IBA recipe reduces the amount of citrus juice. To achieve an optimal sweetness-acid balance, sugar or agave syrup can also be added.
When comparing different recipes, it should be noted that Mexican real limes differ from the common limes commonly used in Europe ; they are fruity and slightly more restrained in terms of acidity. The use of different tequila qualities, such as Mixto or 100% agave , different brands and finally the choice between unstored blanco and stored reposado can result in significant differences in the drink and the suitable composition.
variants
- As a variant of the classic margarita, instead of Orange-based Triple Sec, agave-based ones can also be used; the drink is then called "Agave Sec Margarita".
- "Tommy's Margarita" spread worldwide in the first years of the 21st century. It is named after Tommy's Restaurant in San Francisco , founded in 1965, and goes back to Julio Bermejo. The IBA lists them in the New Era Drinks category (for example: Drinks of the New Age); During the preparation, agave syrup is used instead of Triple Sec . The preparation is otherwise the same as the classic margarita, but there is no salt rim.
- In the “frozen” version of a margarita, the ingredients are mixed with a few spoons of crushed ice in a blender. This gives the drink a creamy, almost sorbet- like consistency and is very cold.
- Fruit margaritas, for example a strawberry margarita, are mixed using fresh fruit and sometimes also fruit liqueurs or syrups . They are particularly popular in the frozen version.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The big book of lists: 9 drinks named after people , ISBN 3-471-79171-X .
- ↑ Lisa Bramen: The History of the Margarita. In: smithsonianmag.com. Retrieved February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Stacy Finz: Mastering the margarita: Tequila aside, even experts can't agree on what goes into the legendary cocktail. In: sfgate.com. July 25, 2008, accessed February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Café Royal Cocktail Book . Coronation Edition, Pall Mall Ltd., London 1937. Quoted from the facsimile reprint: Jared Brown (Ed.): Café Royal Cocktail Book. Mixellany, London 2008, ISBN 0-9760-937-5-8 , p. 156. Translation from English.
- ↑ Robert Hess, Anistatia Miller: The Museum of the American Cocktail Pocket Recipe Guide . Mixellany, 2007, ISBN 978-0-9760937-3-2 , p. 80.
- ^ A b c Once upon a time in Mexico - The origin of the Margarita. (No longer available online.) In: imbibe.com. Archived from the original on July 8, 2014 ; accessed on February 28, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Esquire Magazine, December 1953, p. 76.
- ↑ IBA Official Cocktails. In: International Bartenders Association Official Cocktails. Retrieved February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ When wine becomes water: the wondrous tricks of the minibar bandits. In: blog.lastminute.de. March 1, 2013, accessed February 28, 2015 .
- ^ Charles Schumann : Schumann's Bar . 1st edition. Collection Rolf Heyne, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-89910-416-5 , p. 137.
- ↑ Margarita. In: International Bartenders Association Official Cocktails. Retrieved February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ See the recipes in Jim Meehan, Chris Gall: The secret cocktail book . Die Gestalten Verlag , Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-89955-436-6 , p. 171 (English-language original edition: The PDT Cocktail Book . Sterling Epicur, New York 2011, ISBN 978-1-4027-7923-7 ) and in Simon Difford: Cocktails # 10 . Odd Firm of Sin (self-published), London 2012, ISBN 978-0-9556276-2-0 (English), p. 318 or online: Margarita at diffordsguide.com (English).
- ^ Jörg Meyer: Tommy's Margarita. In: Bitters blog (discontinued in 2008). July 11, 2006, accessed February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ bartender-lab.de
- ↑ Tommy's Margarita. In: International Bartenders Association Official Cocktails. Retrieved February 28, 2015 .
