Marie Holzer

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Marie Holzer (born Rosenzweig; born January 11, 1874 in Czernowitz ; † June 5, 1924 in Innsbruck ) was an Austrian writer and journalist .

life and work

Marie Holzer was born in 1874 as the daughter of the Jewish banker, city ​​councilor , member of the Reichsrat and writer Leon Rosenzweig (1840–1914) in Chernivtsi, the capital of the Austrian crown land Bukowina . Together with seven siblings (a younger brother was the later lawyer and writer Walther Rode , 1876–1934), she grew up in a well-protected, well-to-do situation of a Jewish-assimilated , upper-class family. In 1895 she married the Austro-Hungarian officer Johann (Hans) Holzer (1866–1924) in Czernowitz . The marriage of the very different couple was marked by tension and conflict from the start. The conservative and highly jealous Johann Holzer showed little interest in his wife's artistic and literary inclinations . The daughter Edith was born in 1896, the son Rudolf in 1897 and the second daughter Gertrude in 1904.

During a long stay in Prague , where her husband taught at the cadet school, Marie Holzer began to get involved in the Austrian women's movement around 1907 and published several articles in the Viennese magazine Neues Frauenleben . From 1907 she published numerous essayistic and narrative prose texts in the renowned Prager Tagblatt . In 1911 she joined the circle around Franz Pfemfert's expressionist magazine Die Aktion and published there in the following years, as in many other newspapers and magazines (including the Frankfurter Zeitung , the Leipziger Neuesten Nachrichten , the Berliner Tageblatt , Die Wage , Der Demokrat , Die Muskete , Die Ähre , Die Schaubühne , Die Neue Rundschau , March , Jugend ) their literary works, political-socio-critical and poetic texts, prose sketches , poetry , dramatic scenes , essays, reviews and glosses . Her importance as an Expressionist author is evidently documented by the fact that one of her short stories, Die Rote Wücke (1914), gave the title to an anthology with prose texts by Expressionist poets that was published in 1996 . Marie Holzer's only book, the short story volume Im Schattenreich der Seele. Thirteen snapshots , the central theme of which is the Eros and Thanatos motif, appeared in 1911. It is a “book by the so-called modern woman”, judged the writer Nadja Strasser in the action : “But, I swear, it is still a good one and a nice little book. And the modern man can read it. Yes, he should read it. Perhaps he will find something in it that gives him new thoughts and new sensations. "

Title of the new edition of Marie Holzer's volume of stories (1913)

Marie Holzer and her family moved to Innsbruck around 1914. Her husband, who retired as a major in the spring of 1914 , returned to the military after the outbreak of the First World War . With the lost war in 1918 , a world collapsed for him, previously elevated to the nobility and colonel of the General Staff , whereas a socially freer, democratic life opened up for his wife. During the war, Marie Holzer turned to the Austrian social democracy and provided humanitarian aid to the poor, hungry and sick - much to the annoyance of her husband. The marital conflicts intensified and led to Marie Holzer's public humiliation by her pathologically jealous and tyrannical husband, who first shot his wife and then himself on June 5, 1924 in their Innsbruck apartment.

Marie Holzer can still be discovered as an important author of the women's emancipatory and expressionist movements in the early 20th century and as the author of masterful 'little prose'. Anne Martina Emonts pointed out Marie Holzer's literary art that she “knows how to describe the smallest psychological units”; she is one of the important authors "who gives women for the first time (...) a critical, doubting voice".

literature

Works

  • In the shadow realm of the soul. Thirteen snapshots. Bruno Volger Verlagbuchhandlung, Leipzig-Gohlis 1911; New edition: Magazin-Verlag Ad. Dreßler, Leipzig-Möckern 1913.
  • Texts. Selected v. Anne Martina Emonts. In: June - magazine for literature and culture . No. 45/46: Women who write. A chart in the early 20th century. Edited by Gregor Ackermann u. Walter Delabar. Aisthesis Verlag, Bielefeld 2011, ISBN 978-3-89528-857-9 , pp. 282-302.

Catalog raisonné

Directories of Marie Holzer's numerous publications in newspapers and magazines between 1905 and 1924 include:

  • Gregor Ackermann, Gerd Baumgartner a. Anne Martina Emonts: The work of Marie Holzer. A bibliographical approximation. In: June - magazine for literature and culture . No. 45/46, pp. 257-281;
  • Gregor Ackermann, Christine Johanna Riccabona: Supplements to the Marie Holzer Bibliography. On: junimagazin.de/Onlines .

Secondary literature

  • Gerd Baumgartner: Marie Holzer (1874–1924). In: June - magazine for literature and culture. No. 45/46: Women who write. A chart in the early 20th century. Edited by Gregor Ackermann u. Walter Delabar. Aisthesis Verlag, Bielefeld 2011, ISBN 978-3-89528-857-9 , pp. 253-255.
  • Peter Demetz: Prague writers in “Sturm” and “Aktion”. In: Berlin and the Prague Circle. Edited by Margarita Pazi u. Hans Dieter Zimmermann. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1991, ISBN 3-88479-597-X , pp. 101-109.
  • Anne Martina Emonts: “How do I love the door of my room”. On Marie Holzer's work. In: June - magazine for literature and culture. No. 45/46: Women who write. A chart in the early 20th century. Edited by Gregor Ackermann u. Walter Delabar. Aisthesis Verlag, Bielefeld 2011, pp. 303-310.
  • Christian Jäger: Minoritarian Literature. The concept of small literature using the example of Prague and Sudeten German works. Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2005, ISBN 3-8244-4607-3 , pp. 249-266.
  • Dorit Müller: Dangerous journeys. The automobile in literature and film around 1900. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2004, ISBN 3-8260-2672-1 , pp. 104–108.
  • Christine Riccabona: Notes on two letters in Ludwig von Ficker's estate and on their author Marie Holzer. In: Messages from the Brenner archive. No. 31, 2012, pp. 127-136.
  • Christine Riccabona: Thoughts on Marie Holzer's literary criticism. In: LiLit - Literary Life in Tyrol. No. 1, June 2012 ( https://literaturtirol.at/lilit ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gregor Ackermann, Gerd Baumgartner, Anne Martina Emonts and Christine Johanna Riccabona have compiled a comprehensive bibliography of the numerous publications by Marie Holzer in newspapers and magazines between 1905 and 1924; in: June - magazine for literature and culture. No. 45/46: Women who write. A chart in the early 20th century. Edited by Gregor Ackermann u. Walter Delabar. Bielefeld 2011, pp. 257-281; and as a PDF file on June Onlines 2, Mönchengladbach 2016 (junimagazin.de/Onlines; accessed on August 31, 2019).
  2. ↑ The red wig. Prose by expressionist female poets. Edited by Hartmut Vollmer. Paderborn 1996; 2nd updated edition Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-86815-519-8 .
  3. ↑ Nadja Strasser: Marie Holzer, In the shadow realm of the soul. In: Die Aktion (Berlin). Vol. 1, No. 30, September 11, 1911, Col. 953.
  4. ↑ On this cruel murder cf. the newspaper report: A horrific deed in Saggen. Colonel Holzer shoots his wife and himself. In: Innsbrucker Nachrichten. Vol. 71, No. 129, June 6, 1924, p. 6.
  5. ↑ Anne Martina Emonts: “How do I love the door of my room”. On Marie Holzer's work. In: June - magazine for literature and culture. No. 45/46, p. 305.
  6. ↑ Emonts: “How do I love the door of my room” , p. 309.
personal data
SURNAME Holzer, Marie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rosenzweig, Marie (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian writer and journalist
DATE OF BIRTH January 11, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Chernivtsi
DATE OF DEATH June 5, 1924
Place of death innsbruck