Marie de l'Incarnation

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Marie de l'Incarnation
Memorial in front of the Ursuline Convent in Quebec

Marie de l'Incarnation (born  February 26, 1599 in Pans near Tours , France , † April 30, 1672 in Quebec / Canada ) was a French nun , mystic and missionary in Canada and was beatified by the Roman Catholic Church in 1980 . Pope John Paul II called her the mother of the Catholic Church in Canada at the celebration of Beatification . On April 3, 2014, she was canonized by Pope Francis.

Life

Marie Guyart, her secular name, wanted to join an order, but was married to the silk manufacturer Claude Martin. After she was widowed after three years of unhappy marriage, she initially worked in a managerial position in her brother-in-law's company. On January 25, 1631 she entered the monastery of the Order of the Ursulines in Tours . There she took her religious vows in 1633 . On May 4, 1639, she traveled to New France , as the French colonies in Canada were then called, in order to establish a branch of the Ursulines there. In the spring of 1641 the first Ursuline monastery was founded and she became its superior. A year later she was able to found another monastery. With great zeal she devoted herself to the mission among the Iroquois , especially the education of children. She wrote catechisms in the language of the Hurons , the Iroquois and the Algonquians to promote Christianization , which was mentioned at her beatification.

In addition to her missionary work, Marie de l'Incarnation is best known for her mystical visions. From a young age she had mystical experiences with the Holy Trinity and with the Heart of Jesus . The theologian Henri Bremond called her the most important mystic in France .

With her husband Claude Martin, she had a son, Claude, who later became a Benedictine in the Congregation of Maurines and religious priest . He published her personal notes in book form for the first time.

Marie Guyart was beatified by Pope John Paul II on June 22, 1980, the same day as François de Montmorency-Laval , who arrived in Canada 20 years after her and became the first bishop of Quebec. Together with him and the Spanish Jesuit and apostle of Brazil José de Anchieta , she was canonized on April 3, 2014 by Pope Francis by decree. Her feast day in the liturgy is April 30th.

The classic among the French pulpit speakers , Jacques Bénigne Bossuet , named Marie de l'Incarnation in allusion to Theresa von Avila , who also combined deep mysticism and high activity, in his “États d'Oraison” la sainte Thérèse du nouveau monde (the St. Theresa of the New World).

At Laval University in Quebec, there has been an interdisciplinary scientific study center since 1993 to research their works, especially their correspondence, their spiritual psychology and their time.

See also

Works

  • I am testimony to you (autobiography)
  • The life story from 1654
  • Letters

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mère de l'Eglise catholique au Canada ”
  2. ↑ Quoted from Bremond, Histoire littéraire du sentiment religieux en France , Vol. VI, p. 9.
  3. ^ Center d'études sur Marie de l'Incarnation
personal data
SURNAME Marie de l'Incarnation
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Guyart, Marie (maiden name); Mary of the Incarnation; Guyart Martin, Marie
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French nun, mystic and missionary
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1599
PLACE OF BIRTH Pans
DATE OF DEATH April 30, 1672
Place of death Quebec