St. Mary's Church (Darłowo)

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The Marienkirche in Darłowo (German Rügenwalde ) is a Gothic building, a three-aisled basilica with a 60 meter high west tower. It was built in the 14th century. Today she belongs as Kościół Matki Bożej Częstochowskiej w Darłowie to the diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg in the Archdiocese of Stettin-Cammin .

Building description and history

General

Marienkirche of Rügenwalde

In 1321, Bishop Konrad IV von Cammin granted the knights Peter von Neuenburg, his brother Jasco and the sons of the knight Laurenz the patronage of the Rügenwalder Marienkirche, which is now almost 700 years old. It is a late Gothic brick building in the style of a basilica. The church was destroyed by fire four times, so that only the outer walls, perhaps the vault, are from ancient times.

The three-aisled basilica is closed off by a polygonal choir. The extension of the aisles on the tower side is likely to have originated in later, medieval times.

The church and aisles are covered by star vaults . The two-storey sacristy is located on the north side . On the south side of the choir is the "Schüttenkapelle" , named after a mayor from the time of the Thirty Years' War .

Until 1897 the church made a rather sober impression with its whitewashed walls. Then it was thoroughly restored. Three old galleries (the council, princely and invalid gallery ) were removed, creating a more uniform impression. A new gallery was installed in the south for this purpose.

The floor of the Marienkirche rests on a vault in which people who have died over five centuries have been buried.

In the church tower there used to be a room for the tower guard.

Around the church there was once a churchyard, which was surrounded by a stone wall.

Altar and pulpit

View of the altar, on the left the pulpit

In the altar is the painting "Christ calming the storm" by Professor Hausmann. The top of the altar shows an image of Christ and used to stand in the castle church.

The pulpit dates from the Baroque period. It is supposed to represent an old Hanseatic ship, a cog .

Before the end of the Second World War, oil paintings by Luther and Melanchthon by Lucas Cranach the Elder hung in the church . Ä.

Princely Crypt

Crypt chapel Marienkirche Rügenwalde with coffins of King Erich I (VII.) And the wives of the griffin dukes

The so-called 'Princely Crypt' contains the sarcophagi of King Erich I of Pomerania († 1459), Princess Hedwig of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1595–1650), wife of Duke Ulrich , and the last Duchess Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (1580–1653), wife of Duke Bogislaw XIV .

organ

The organ was rebuilt in 1853 and the old one was sold to Krangen . Organ builder Johann Friedrich Schulze from Paulinzella in Thuringia created this work. The organ was checked and approved by the Szczecin music director and Jacobi organist Carl Loewe . In 1897 the organ was placed further in the tower.

In 1925 the organ was rebuilt by the organ building company Arno Voigt from Bad Liebenwerda .

Silver altar

From 1806 to 1944 the so-called Rügenwalder silver altar was installed in the Marienkirche. This was commissioned by Duke Philip II (1573–1618) in Augsburg and brought to Rügenwalde by the Duchess widow Elisabeth . The 3 m high altarpiece from the Renaissance period, which was completed in 1616 and which had been added to the baroque altar since 1853, contained 37 bas-reliefs carved in silver by Johannes Körver from Braunschweig († 1607) and the Augsburg silversmith Zacharias Lencker († 1612) with themes from the New Testament. On 12 of the reliefs the Passion was depicted after engravings by Heinrich Goltzius (1596–1598).

The silver altar was kept in the vault of the Kreissparkasse in Schlawe in 1944 , but it was stolen there at the end of the Second World War. In the 1950s, eight reliefs from the altar were found in eastern Poland; they are exhibited today in the museum in Stolp. The remaining parts of the silver altar are lost. Since 2010, the silver altar and its partially preserved wings can be seen temporarily in the chapel of Darłowo Castle / Rügenwalde.

Marienkirche parish

The Marie Parish Rügenwalde belonged to 1945 for the same Kirchenkreis whose superintendent were also the owner of the first Pfarrstelle St. Mary. Rügenwalde belonged to the church province of Pomerania of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1940 the Marienkirche parish numbered 7,800 parishioners.

As a result of the Second World War , St. Mary's Church was handed over to the Roman Catholic Church in Poland after 500 years of use as a Protestant church .

The Protestant Christians living in Darłowo today belong to the parish of the Kreuzkirche in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Pastor at the Marienkirche

I. "pastores et praepositi" :

  1. ? : Gabriel Parchem
  2. ? : Thomas Wittstock
  3. ? : Laurentius Magerius
  4. ? : Joachim Gützlaff
  5. 1590–1599: Joachim Friese
  6. 1599–1600: Nikolaus Ribbe
  7. 1600–1620: Andreas Grantzin
  8. 1621–1631: Jonas Gigas (giant)
  9. 1632–1671: Georg Ebeneow
  10. 1671–1685: Daniel Simonis
  11. 1687–1693: Joachim Stuvaeus
  12. 1694-1700: Jeremias Tydäus
  13. 1701–1718: Gottfried Buichner
  14. 1719–1931: Joachim Friedrich Fabricius
  15. 1732–1735: Christian Heyn
  16. 1736–1745: Christian Plate (Plath, Plato)
  17. 1745–1780: Johann Jakob Kolterjahn
  18. 1781–1816: August Wilhelm Wagner
  19. 1816–1834: August Wilhelm Wagner (son of 18)
  20. 1836–1849: Johann Ludwig Quandt
  21. 1850–1884: Hermann Julius Stoessel
  22. 1884–1891: Wilhelm Gutschmidt
  23. 1891– ?: Friedrich Karl Ludwig Theodor Leesch
  24. 1919–1927: Franz Nebel
  25. 1928–1945: Franz Molzahn

II. Archdeacons:

  1. ? : Johann Kluge
  2. 1595–1599: Nikolaus Ribbe
  3. 1599–1600: Andreas Grantzin
  4. 1600–1626: Johann title
  5. 1626-1630: Kaspar Eichmann
  6. 1631-1645: Dionysius Eggert
  7. 1645–1672: Peter Stuvaeus
  8. 1687–1690: Adran Langerfeld
  9. 1691–1694: Jeremias Tydäus
  10. 1694–1696: Jakob Spielberger
  11. 1696–1701: Gottfried Buchner
  12. 1701–1726: Martin Witte
  13. 1726–1731: Christian Heyn
  14. 1731-1736: Christian Plate
  15. 1736–1744: Johann Kolterjahn
  16. 1744–1747: Johann David Jäncke
  17. 1746–1784: Johann Joachim Heyn
  18. 1785–1806: Erdmann Friedrich Wegener
  19. 1807–1809: Johann Jakob Drahm
  20. 1809–1817: August Weilhelm Wagner
  21. 1818–1821: Heinrich Christian Gottlieb Schumann
  22. 1821–1827: Gottfried Nikolai
  23. 1829–1834: Karl Friedrich Gottlieb Crusius
  24. 1835–1837: Johann Gottfried Ernst Sauer
  25. 1837–1838: Eduard Philipp Otto Zupke
  26. 1839–1847: Johann Georg Ferdinand Gube
  27. 1847–1850: Hermann Julius Stoessel
  28. 1850–1854: Hermann Friedrich Roth
  29. 1855–1857: Johann Karl August Baudach
  30. 1857–1900: Bernhard Theodor Herrfahrdt
  31. 1901–1903: Paulus Karl Wilhelm Arlt
  32. 1904–1909: Georg Heinrich Baars
  33. 1910–1919: Franz Nebel
  34. 1920–1930: Christoph Osterwald
  35. 1930–? : Johannes Melke

literature

  • Karl Rosenow : ducal castle and royal crypt. Rügenwalder architectural and art monuments . Rügenwalde 1925.
  • Hans Moderow , Ernst Müller. The Evangelical Clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . 2 vols., Stettin 1903/1912.
  • Manfred Vollack (Ed.): The Schlawe district. A Pomeranian homeland book . 2 volumes. Husum Printing and Publishing Company, Husum 1986/1989.
  • Meyer's travel books . German Baltic coast . Part II: Rügen and the Pomeranian Coast , Bibliographical Institute, Leipzig 1924.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Wehrmann: Burial places of the members of the Pomeranian ducal house . Baltic Studies, NF 39 (1937), pp. 109–110, available in the Greifswald digital library ( memento of the original from June 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / digibib.ub.uni-greifswald.de
  2. ↑ Julius Lessing: The silver altar of Rügenwalde . Berlin 1885 (nine pages, one illustration). In: Yearbook of the Royal Prussian Art Collections , 6th volume.
  3. ^ Hugo Lemke: The Rügenwalder silver altar ; in: Der Kreis Schlawe (M. Vollack, ed.), Volume 1: The circle as a whole , ISBN 3-88042-239-7 , pp. 397-411.
  4. ^ Franz Kugler: Small writings and studies on art history , Volume 1, Stuttgart 1853, pp. 823–825, Google .
  5. ^ To the silver altar: The Pommersche Zeitung. No. 7/2008, p. 8.
  6. ↑ Brochure "The Rügenwalder Silberaltar" by Donata Szymczak / Robert Kupisiński

Web links

Commons : St. Mary's Church (Darłowo)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 54 ° 25 ′ 21 ″  N , 16 ° 24 ′ 36 ″  E