Johann Friedrich Schulze

Johann Friedrich Schulze (born January 27, 1793 in Milbitz ; † January 9, 1858 in Paulinzella ) was a German master organ builder, whose ancestors and descendants were also organ builders .

life and work

Brochure by Johann Andreas Schulze (1789) in the town church of St. Marien (Stadtilm)

In 1806 Schulze entered the business of his father Johann Andreas Schulze (1753–1806) in the fourth generation and began training with the organ builder Johann Benjamin Witzmann in Stadtilm . Johann Friedrich Schulze had no siblings. In 1815 he started his own business. He moved the company headquarters from Milbitz to today's Paulinzella in 1826 , but also worked in Mühlhausen / Thuringia for a few years . Soon he was one of the most famous organ builders in Europe. Alongside Eberhard Friedrich Walcker , Schulze is considered to be the most productive and progressive German organ builder of his time.

Johann Friedrich Schulze married Johanna Dorothea Sophia born in 1820. Kühn from Oberrottenbach. The couple had a daughter and six sons, two of whom, Edmund Schulze (1824–1878) and Eduard Schulze (1830–1880), were also organ builders. After the death of their father, they and their brother Oskar Schulze (1825–1878, physicist, chemist and philosopher) continued their father's business under the name of "JF Schulzes Sons". Herwart Schulze's brother (1836–1908) worked in the company as a carver. After the deaths of Edmund, Oskar and Eduard Schulze, the company was dissolved in 1881.

Edmund Schulze's only son, Adolph Oskar Schulze (* 1857; date of death unknown), had emigrated to America and disappeared there. It is not known whether he was an organ builder.

List of works (selection)

Johann Friedrich Schulze

More than a hundred new buildings and other works by Johann Friedrich Schulze are known, mainly in Thuringia , but also in Northern Germany and other places. Some have been preserved. Instruments that have been completely lost are in italics .

year	place	building	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1815	Horba	church		I / P	10	first organ
1821	Allendorf near Rudolstadt	Allendorf village church		II / P	16	Predecessor organ by Johann Andreas Schulze (1779?), 2011–2013 restoration by Eule
1821	Rottdorf	church		I / P	10	receive
1822/23	Mulhouse	Divi Blasii		III / P	34	Rebuilt in 1904, demolished in 1956 and replaced by the "Bach organ" by Schuke, Potsdam in 1958/59
1824/25	Rettwitz	church		I / P	9	receive
1826	Mulhouse	St. Kilian		I / P	8th
1826	Zimmer , Thuringia	St. Martini		I / P	10	receive
1827	Seven stay at Gotha	St. Helena		II / P	28	Prospectus (and organ?) Received
1827	Rastenberg	City Church		II / P	25th	in collaboration with Johann Gottlob Töpfer
1829/30	Schwarza	church		I / P	9	received, with Carl August Witzmann as a journeyman
1830	Gräfinau-Angstedt	Church of St. Mary		II / P	21st
1830	Nägelstedt	St. George		II / P	19th	receive
1830	Gormar	St. Martin		I / P	10	receive
1831	Heiligenstadt	St. Martin		II / P	25th	Replaced in 1973
1832	Thangelstedt	church		I / P	10	Burned in 1896
1832	Kiliansroda	Kiliansroda village church		I / P	7th	built using parts of the old organ in Thangelstedt
1833	Mulhouse	St. Petri		II / P	16	Prospectus with carving preserved, 1910 new building by Rühlmann
1834	Schwerstedt	St. Peter and Paul		II / P	15th	Repair or reconstruction of the organ built by Joh. Michael Hesse around 1772; 1845 new building in the old housing by Ernst Siegfried Hesse; Restored in 2010
1834	Hopfgarten	St. Vitus		II / P	26th	preserved, organ acceptance by Johann Gottlob Töpfer
1837	Great Grave	St. George		II / P	20th
1837	Felchta	church		I / P	8th	receive
1838	Wismar , then Röbel	St. Mary		II / P	17th	Moved to Röbel, St. Nicolai in 1842 , new prospectus in 1869, dismantled in 1987
1840	Bad Berka	St. Mary		II / P	26th	New building behind the prospectus of the organ built by Trebs in 1743 , restoration by Böhm in 1988
1840	Warza	St. John		II / P	20th
1841	Gotha	Augustinian Church		II / P	34	Replaced in 1934
1841	Wismar	St. Mary		III / P	58	replaced Schulze organ from 1838, destroyed in 1945
1841-1843	Prettin	St. Mary		II / P	28	receive
1842	Treptow an der Rega , today Trzebiatów, Pomerania	church		II / P	30th	1867 small modifications with slight rearrangement from Barnim Grüneberg to II / P, 32, only a few stops playable
1843	Halle (Saale)	Moritz Church		III / P	39	Prospectus received, replaced by Sauer in 1925
1843	Pegs / helmets	St. Michaelis		II / P	25th
1843	Langula	St. George		II / P	17th	receive
1844	Glewitz , Western Pomerania	church		I / P	10	435 pipes, restored in 2004 by Schuke
1845	Berlin-Kreuzberg	St. Jacobi		II / P	31	Burned in 1945
around 1845	Grandchildren	church		II / P	12
1847	Wuppertal -Elberfeld	Old Reformed Church		II / P	34	Destroyed in 1943
1847	Iserlohn	reformed Church		II / P	18th
1847	Kenz , Western Pomerania	St. Mary's Church		II / P	15th
1848	Markneukirchen	St. Nikolai		II / P	32
1848	Quedlinburg	St. Nikolai		II / P	26th	1920 New building in the old prospect by Ernst Röver
1849/1850	Bremen	Dom		III / P	60	replaced Schnitger organ, replaced in 1893 by Sauer organ (III / P, 63) with previous prospectus, then rebuilt several times, lower part of the case from Schulze preserved, remaining prospectus reconstructed with Sauer organ 1993-1996 by Scheffler (photo)
1851	Lübeck	Marienkirche		IV / P	80	Large organ, new building or extension in the late Gothic prospect from 1518, burned in 1942
1852	Meuselbach	Protestant church		II / P	24	receive
1853	Rügenwalde , today Darłowo	Marienkirche				in prospectus from 1742, alterations in 1897, replaced in 1925 by A. Voigt in the baroque prospectus
1854	Bütow , today Bytów, Pomerania	St. Elisabeth, today St. Katharina				1873/75 replaced by Voelkner due to significant defects (I / P, 12)
1856	Bothenheilingen	Protestant church		II / P	12
1856	Molschleben	St. Peter and Paul		II / P	19th
1857	Hausen (Arnstadt)	St. Nikolai		II / P	13
1857	Wuppertal -Cronenberg	Lutheran Church		II / P	14th	Replaced in 1954
1857	Linderbach	Our dear women		II / P	13	last known organ by Johann Friedrich Schulze, restored by Thomas Wolf in 2002/09

JF Schulze's sons

As JF Schulze's sons, the sons Edmund and Eduard Schulze built numerous organs in Thuringia, England, as well as in other countries and places.

year	place	building	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1845	Langewiesen	Church of Our Lady		II / P	18th	Edmund Schulze
1851	London	Crystal Palace		II / P	19 (17)	Remaining unclear
around 1860	Neunhofen	St. Simon and Judah		II / P	14th
1860	New Orleans	Immaculate Conception Church		III / P	35
1861	Budapest	synagogue		II / P	38	1902 extended by Angster to III / P, 44, 1931 conversion / new building by Rieger (IV, P, 70), replaced in 1993 by Jehmlich
1861	Eutin	St. Michaelis				in the prospectus by Arp Schnitger, the only surviving Schulze organ in Schleswig-Holstein
1861-1862	Einbeck	Market Church		II / P	24
1862	Doncaster	St George's Minster		V / P	94 (76)
1863	Langendembach	Protestant church		II / P	16
1865	Meland , Norway	church		II / P	21st
1868	Leeds , England	St. Bartholomew's Church		IV / P	57	implemented twice, received
1866	Dusseldorf	Tonhalle Kaisersaal		III / P	51	Destroyed in 1944/45
1867	Soest , Westphalia	St. Petri		III / P	40	Replaced in 1973
1868	Eischleben	St. Matthias		II / P	13
1869	Etzelbach	Protestant church		II / P	13	receive
1871	Koenigsee	City Church To Praise God		II / P	21st
1871	Aspach , Thuringia	St. Udalricus Church		II / P	19th
1873	Manchester	Saint Peter's Church		III / P	30th
1878	Ranis	City Church		II / P	16
1879	Harrogate	St Peter's Church		II / P	23	receive

student

But he was also an excellent master and teacher. Belonged to his students

• Friedrich Wilhelm winemaker
• Friedrich Albert Mehmel
• Wilhelm army car
• Brothers Karl-August and Heinrich Louis Witzmann

literature

• Johann Friedrich Schulze (6) . In: Wolfram Hackel, Uwe Pape (Hrsg.): Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. Volume 2. Saxony and the surrounding area. Pape Verlag Berlin 2012. ISBN 978-3-921140-92-5 . P. 361 ( PDF )
• The organ building families Knauf and Schulze in Thuringia and Westphalia . Exhibition catalog of the organ museum Borgentreich 1990.
• Wolfram Hackel: The organ builder Johann Friedrich Schulze from Paulinzella . In: Mühlhäuser Contributions, Issue 15 (1992), pp. 99-106.
• Wolfram Hackel: The Schulze family of organ builders - a catalog raisonné . In: Thüringer Orgeljournal, Heft 1 (1993), pp. 63-78.
• Wolfram Hackel: The Schulze family of organ builders . In: Inauguration of the restored Schulze organ in the Reformed Church in Iserlohn. 40 years of the Evangelische Kantorei Iserlohn. Iserlohn, 1994.

Web links

• Organ builders Family Schulze Organ Funding Association Rastenberg (PDF)
• Schulze Orgeldatabase, 74 family organs (Dutch, German)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Uwe Pape (Ed.): Lexicon of North German Organ Builders, Volume 2: Saxony and Bypassing . Pape Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-921140-92-5 , pp. 361 .
2. ↑ organ (Dutch)
3. ^ Organ Allendorf church district Rudolstadt, with disposition
4. ^ Allendorf organ needs restoration Orgelklang Foundation 2011
5. ↑ organ (Dutch)
6. ↑ organ (Dutch)
7. ↑ Gottfried Gille: The Schulze organs in rooms and Nägelstedt. In: Acta Organologica . Volume 18.
8. ↑ Markus Vette, Rolf Bothe, Albrecht Lobenstein: On the restoration of the Schulze organ in the Coudray Church in Rastenberg. Eugenia-Verlag, Rastenberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-938853-15-3 . (Series of publications by the Heimatverein Rastenberg No. 2.)
9. ↑ organ (Dutch)
10. ↑ organ (Dutch)
11. ↑ Organ with disposition (Dutch)
12. ↑ organ (Dutch)
13. ↑ Organ with disposition (Dutch)
14. ^ History of the organs St. Petri Margareten Mühlhausen
15. ↑ organ (Dutch)
16. ↑ organ (Dutch)
17. ↑ organ (Dutch)
18. ^ Röbel Nicolaikirche Orgelmuseum Malchow, history
19. ↑ organ (Dutch)
20. ^ Organ history of the Augustinian monastery
21. ↑ Organ history (Dutch)
22. ^ General musical newspaper , Volume 45, Leipzig 1843, p. 287 with historical disposition
23. ↑ Trzebiatów, Kościół Macierzyństwa NMP Musicam Sacram, with history, photo and current disposition (Polish)
24. ↑ Euterpe , 1844, p. 77 with disposition
25. ↑ Zeitschrift für Musik , 1844, p. 111, with description
26. ↑ Moritzorgel Halle program booklet 2014
27. ↑ organ (Dutch)
28. ↑ Organ with disposition (Dutch)
29. ↑ Schulze-Orgel Glewitz Church Glewitz, without disposition
30. ↑ Sankt Jacobikirche (Kreuzberg). Organ database. Retrieved September 17, 2012 . 
31. ↑ organ (Dutch)
32. ^ Restoration (1993/1994) of the Schulze organ from 1847 in the Evangelical Reformed Church in Iserlohn. Orgelbau Kreienbrink, archived from the original on January 5, 2009 ; Retrieved September 23, 2012 . 
33. ↑ organ (Dutch)
34. ↑ organ (Dutch)
35. ↑ The Schulze organ in Markneukirchen Markneukirchen, with disposition and history (PDF)
36. ↑ organ (Dutch)
37. ↑ organ (Dutch)
38. ↑ The organs in St. Petri Cathedral St. Petri Cathedral
39. ↑ Organ with disposition (below) (Dutch)
40. ↑ H. Jimmerthal: Description of the large organ of the Marienkirche in Lübeck. Erfurt / Leipzig, 1859.
    The large organ in the Marien Church in Lübeck. In: Zeitschrift für Instrumentenbau, Volume 12, No. 3, October 21, 1891
    K. Lichtwark: The three organs in St. Marien zu Lübeck. Lübeck, 1925.
    Wilhelm Stahl: The large organ of the Marienkirche in Lübeck. Kassel, 1938.
41. ↑ organ (Dutch)
42. ↑ Darłowo, Basilica of Our Lady of Częstochowa MusicamSacram, current organ (Polish)
43. ↑ Organ Wirtualne Centrum Organowe (Polish)
44. ↑ organ (Dutch)
45. ↑ organ (Dutch)
46. ↑ organ (Dutch)
47. ↑ organ (Dutch)
48. ^ Erfurt Linderbach Vogtland organ building Thomas Wolf, restoration report with disposition
49. ↑ [organ] (Dutch)
50. ↑ organ (Dutch)
51. ↑ organ (Dutch)
52. ↑ organ (Dutch)
53. ↑ Information (Dutch)
54. ↑ organ (Dutch)
55. ↑ organ (Dutch)
56. ↑ The Schulze Organ Doncaster Minster (English)
57. ↑ organ (Dutch)
58. ↑ organ (Dutch)
59. ↑ A brief history of the Schulze organ Armley Schulze (English)
60. ↑ organ (Dutch)
61. ↑ organ (Dutch)
62. ↑ organ (Dutch)
63. ↑ organ (Dutch)
64. ↑ organ (Dutch)
65. ↑ organ (Dutch)
66. ↑ organ (Dutch)
67. ↑ organ (Dutch)
68. ↑ organ (Dutch)
69. ↑ The Schulze Organ St Peter's Harrogate (English)
70. ↑ organ (Dutch)