City of Prettin

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
City of Prettin
City of Annaburg
Coat of arms of the city of Prettin
Coordinates: 51 ° 39 ′ 42 ″  N , 12 ° 55 ′ 24 ″  E
Height : 77 m
Area : 28.79 km²
Residents : 1889  (Dec. 31, 2009)
Population density : 66 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 2011
Postal code : 06925
Area code : 035386
Lichtenburg gate tower
Lichtenburg gate tower

City of Prettin is a district of the city of Annaburg in the district of Wittenberg in Saxony-Anhalt . Until December 31, 2010, Prettin was an independent small town with the districts of Prettin and Hohndorf.

geography

The place is about 40 km southeast of Wittenberg and about 17 km north of Torgau in the lowlands on the east bank of the Elbe west of the Annaburg Heath . This is largely a military training area for the Bundeswehr and therefore a restricted area. In the south, Prettin borders on Saxony .

history

City Church "St. Marien "

Located at an old river crossing in the Elbe river valley, the first settlement belonged to the Slavic Nisizi district as early as 900. After the later built German Burgward, which appears for the first time in a certificate of Emperor Otto I as "Pretimi" in 965 , already in 1012 by Archbishop Dagino to the Archbishopric of Magdeburg and via the County of Brehna in 1290 to the Dukes of Saxony-Wittenberg , Rudolf built I. around 1335 a moated castle; today called "Schlösschen". Here - or in the former monastery buildings in Lichtenbergk - Electress Elisabeth von Brandenburg, who had secretly converted to Protestant teaching , found refuge in 1536–45 after the arch-Catholic Elector Joachim Nestor threatened her with living walls. She was friends with Luther's family and lived for a long time in his house in Prettin. The court preachers she appointed were also pastors at the town church “St. Marien “to Prettin. Only after the death of her husband did she return to Spandau on the Spree. About 30 years later, Elector August von Sachsen had the castle demolished and the stones used to build the Lichtenburg .

To the east of the town, the Antoniter Preceptorate "Lichtenbergk" was founded around 1300, whose General Preceptor Goswin von Orsoy became the first Chancellor of the Wittenberg University . Historic hour experienced the Antoniter - Monastery Lichtenbergk than here Martin Luther 1518 summons from the Saxon rulers Frederick the Wise with its Chancellor George Spalatin met, Luther presented in consequence of the elector under his protection. The Antoniter preceptor Wolfgang Reissenbusch was friends with Luther and also a professor in Wittenberg. Two years later, in the presence of Philipp Melanchthon, there was another conversation between Luther and the papal envoy Karl von Miltitz , who was supposed to persuade Luther to withdraw. But the break with Rome was inevitable. Miltitz later drowned in 1529 on the return trip to Rome in the Main . The fact that Luther was able to hold his talks here shows the openness of the Antonites to the Reformation.

After most of the monastery fell victim to a fire in 1533, it was closed in 1540 and its property converted into a sovereign domain office. For Elector August of Saxony this was a welcome opportunity to comply with the request of his wife Anna and to build a renaissance castle on the former monastery grounds in 1574/82, with the versatile Giovanni Maria Nosseni also participating. But the benevolent Electress was only granted a few years of happiness, in 1585 she died of the plague. After a period of decay, the palace flourished again from 1611 to 1641 under the Electress Hedwig , who after her marriage to Christian II had received the Lichtenburg as a later widow's seat and had the "Hedwigsburg" built. Since she was a Danish princess, she was able to get the Swedish commander in 1637 during the Thirty Years' War to save the town from destruction. But in 1644, three years after her death, Prettin was sacked by the Swedes anyway . Until 1717 two more electoral widows held court in the Lichtenburg: Wilhelmine Ernestine and her sister Anna Sophie of Denmark (mother of Augustus the Strong , who raised her son here).

The district of Hohndorf was hit by the persecution of witches in 1582 and 1583 . Two women got into witch trials . The old judge was killed by fire in 1583.

In the 16th century Prettin still had less than 800 inhabitants. After brief membership of the newly established Kingdom of Saxony by the grace of Napoleon I (1807), the city on the Elbe had to be ceded to Prussia . The Lichtenburg with its castle church from 1581 is still an imposing Renaissance castle complex, which initially served the electresses as a representative widow's seat before the empty walls were converted into a penitentiary in 1811, from 1933 to 1939 as the Lichtenburg concentration camp and then in 1939 as women into women -Concentration camp Ravensbrück were relocated when the Waffen-SS witness office was used.

The VEB Waschmittelwerk Schladitz (today milwa Schladitz GmbH ) was located in Prettin, where the Milwa detergent was developed.

On January 1, 2011, Prettin was incorporated into the city of Annaburg.

On July 1, 2014, the new municipal constitutional law of the state of Saxony-Anhalt came into force. In its §14 (2) the municipalities are given the opportunity to assign this designation to the districts that were towns before the incorporation. The city of Annaburg has made use of this regulation. Its main statute in the current constitution came into force on December 9, 2015. In §3 the districts are listed with their official names.

Prettin around 1650

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved by the Dessau Regional Council on December 17, 1993 and registered in the Magdeburg State Archives under the coat of arms roll number 64/1993.

Blazon : "A three-towered silver castle in blue, the central building is covered with an ornamentally cut out red lily pad."

The city colors show blue - silver (white).

There are six different seals in the Prettin City Archives from 1438 to around 1919 or 1933. Over the centuries, the types have changed . In 1438 the lily pad of the Brehna rulers is clearly highlighted. The most recent seal from 1919 to 1933 shows the castle as the main symbol (in the foreground). The importance of the town's seal can be traced back to the time when the settlement of Prettin was given a nearby Germanic castle under Heinrich I (916–936). This castle was surrounded by water and thus formed a natural protection against attackers. The moated castle is shown on the seal. Rudolf I, one of the Counts of Brehna, inherited the castle and the surrounding area from Prettin. Hence the lily pad of the Counts of Brehna.

flag

The flag was approved on February 9, 1995 by the Dessau Regional Council.

The flag is blue and white striped lengthways. The coat of arms of the city is placed directly on the flag in the upper half.

Culture and sights

→ see also: List of cultural monuments in Prettin

Lichtenburg Castle

Buildings

The cultural monuments of Prettin are listed in the local register of monuments .

Memorials

  • Memorial site for the Lichtenburg concentration camp in the castle
  • Memorial stone in the local cemetery for the concentration camp prisoners on a death march of the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp , who were murdered by SS men in April 1945
  • Memorial in memory of the communist Nazi opponent Ernst Richter , who was the first of the prisoners to die in 1933 from the abuse inflicted on him in the Lichtenburg concentration camp

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Federal highway 182 runs west of the village and federal highway 187 to the north . Prettin is connected to the Saxon town of Dommitzsch by an Elbe ferry . From 1902 to 1996 the Annaburg – Prettin railway connected Prettin with Annaburg. The district of Hohndorf and Prettin had a stop on this railway line.

economy

Schladitz-milwa-GmbH produces washing powders such as Prettina-Zymat and Milwa as well as the Piador stain remover.

Personalities

  • August (Saxony) , (born July 31, 1526 in Freiberg; † February 11, 1586 in Dresden), also father August , Elector of Saxony, had today's renaissance castle Lichtenburg built on the former monastery grounds from 1574–1582 at the request of his wife Princess Anna
  • Princess Anna of Denmark and Norway (1532–1585) (born November 22, 1532 in Hadersleben; † October 1, 1585 in Dresden), called Mother Anna , Electress of Saxony and wife of August I of Saxony, named after the city of Annaburg, resided next to Lochau Castle (later Annaburg) in the newly built Lichtenburg Castle , which her husband had built for her, until her death in 1585
  • Princess Hedwig of Denmark and Norway (born August 5, 1581 at Friedrichsburg Palace in Denmark, † November 26, 1641 at Lichtenburg Palace in Prettin), daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark and Norway, wife of Elector Christian II of Saxony, resided after the death of her husband 1611–1641 at Lichtenburg Castle, from where she also administered the offices of Annaburg, Schweinitz, Seyda and Schlieben
  • Princess Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark and Norway (born June 30, 1650 in Copenhagen, † April 23, 1706 at Lichtenburg Castle in Prettin), Danish princess from the House of Oldenburg and Electress of the Palatinate, sister of Princess Anna Sophie , had until her death her widow's residence at Lichtenburg Castle, where she died a few years before her sister and was buried
  • Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark and Norway (born September 1, 1647 in Flensburg, † July 1, 1717 at Lichtenburg Castle in Prettin), Electress of Saxony, eldest daughter of King Friedrich III. of Denmark and Norway (1609–1670) and his wife Sophia Amalia (1628–1685), wife of Elector Johann Georg III. von Sachsen (1647–1691), mother of Johann Georg IV. (1668–1694), Elector of Saxony and August the Strong (1670–1733), Elector of Saxony and King of Poland, resided as a widow at Lichtenburg Castle, where she her son Augustus the strong educated
  • August II (Poland) , often also August the Strong , (* May 12, 1670 in Dresden, † February 1, 1733 in Warsaw), Elector of Saxony (as Friedrich August I) and later King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (as August II.) spent a large part of his childhood in Lichtenburg Castle in Prettin
  • Johann Ernst Daniel Bornschein , (* July 20, 1774, † April 1, 1838 in Gera), playwright a. Novelist.
  • Otto Karl Bachmann (1877–1954), 1927 first KPD mayor of a city ( Oelsnitz (Vogtland) ) in Germany
  • Johann Friedrich Palm (1813–1871), philologist and educator
  • Robert Eule (1864-1932), author
  • Gertraud Winkelvoss (1917–1982), politician
  • Hans-Martin Taesch (1937–2011), Member of the State Parliament (CDU)

  • August von Sachsen (painting by Lucas Cranach the Younger , around 1550, Old Masters Picture Gallery)

  • Princess Anna of Denmark and Norway, Electress of Saxony (painting by Lucas Cranach the Younger around 1550)

  • Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark, later Electress of the Palatinate, painting by Johann Georg Wagner

  • The young King August the Strong , engraving by Johann Jakob Thourneysser, 1697

literature

  • Graupner, Krüger, Langhammer: Prettin - a small town with a great history. Published by: Caritas, City of Prettin, without a year, after 2009.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Wilde: The sorcery and witch trials in Kursachsen , Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2003, p. 637.
  2. ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 1st to December 31st, 2011
  3. ↑ Local constitution law of the state in the version of July 1, 2014
  4. ↑ Main statutes in the version of December 9, 2015 ( Memento of the original of June 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / stadt-annaburg.de

Web links

Commons : Prettin  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Prettin  - Travel Guide