Mark Vishik

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Mark Vishik , Russian Марко Иосифович Вишик , transcription: Marko Iossifowitsch Wischik, (born October 19, 1921 in Lwów ; † June 23, 2012 in Moscow ) was a mathematician from Lwów / Lemberg , who has been working in Moscow since 1945 in the field of partial differential equations worked.

life and work

Lwów

Mark Vishik attended the 5th grammar school in Lemberg (Lwów), which specialized in mathematics and physics. His mathematical talent was nurtured by a teaching method that required students to find mathematical evidence themselves. He began studying mathematics at Lwów University in December 1939, at the time when the Lviv School of Mathematics was still active. Among his teachers were Juliusz Paweł Schauder , Stanisław Mazur , Bronisław Knaster and Edward Szpilrajn , who organized a student conference in Lwów in 1940, in which Banach also took part.

From Lwów to Tbilisi

In June 1941, during the occupation of Lwów by the Germans, Vishik left the city with a Komsomol group. They joined the retreating military and reached Ternopil and then Shmerynka (near Vinnytsia ) on foot and, after two more weeks, with the help of a freight train, Kiev . On the other flight to Krasnodar , happened Vishik Dniprodzerzhynsk and helped two months during the harvest in Timashevsk . He became a student at the Pedagogical University in Krasnodar, but then, due to the advancing German troops, fled to Makhachkala , where he studied for a year. He fell ill with malaria , but was able to get to Tbilisi , hidden on a military train, in the autumn of 1942 . Vishik had already met the mathematician and president of the Georgian Academy of Sciences Nikolos Muschelishvili during his visit to Lwów (probably in 1940) and was therefore able to start studying in Tbilisi immediately. The mathematical institute was headed by Ilia Wekua , there were lectures by V. Kupradze and Vishik made friends with the number theorist Arnold Walfisz . After completing his studies in 1943 and teaching in Tbilisi, Vishik was recommended by Walfisz, Felix Gantmacher and Muschelishvili to go to Moscow to continue his studies.

Moscow

From spring 1945 Vishik studied with Lasar Aronowitsch Ljusternik in Moscow. There he met his future wife Asya Guterman on May 8, 1945 ( VE Day ). He received his doctorate in 1947 at the Steklow Institute and defended his work before IG Petrowski and SL Sobolew . His dissertation is a generalization of the work The method of orthogonal projection in potential theory by Hermann Weyl (Duke Math. J. 7 , 1940), which he analyzed without knowledge of English. From 1947 to 1965 he was first assistant, then, after his habilitation in 1951, professor at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute .

From 1965 Vishik was a professor at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics at Lomonosov University in Moscow. Since 1993 he has been researching at the Institute for Problems of Information Transmission of the Russian Academy of Sciences . Mark Vishik had 48 PhD students and was the author of several books and about 250 articles. His two sons, Mikhail and Simeon, are also mathematicians. Since 1961 he has organized the seminar on partial differential equations .

His work has been extraordinarily fruitful. For example, Jacques-Louis Lions and Enrico Magenes wrote a three-volume work on non-homogeneous boundary value problems, which developed from a work by Mark Vishik and SL Sobolew in 1956.

Awards

Mark Vishik was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (since 1990) and the Italian Academy of Sciences (since 1994). In 2001 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Free University of Berlin .

Fonts

  • Dissertation: On the method of orthogonal projections for linear self-adjoint equations , 1947
  • Habilitation: On systems of elliptic differential equations and on general boundary-value problems , 1951
  • (with AV Fursikov): Mathematical Problems of Statistical Hydromechanics , Kluwer, 1988. German version: Mathematical Problems of Statistical Hydromechanics , Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 1986 (Russian original 1980)
  • (with AV Babin): Attractors of Evolution Equations , North-Holland, 1992 (Russian original 1989)
  • Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Evolutionary Equations , Cambridge University Press, 1993
  • (Author and editor with AV Babin): Properties of Global Attractors of Partial Differential Equations , Advances in Soviet Mathematics (AMS), Volume 10, 1992 (anthology with 4 articles, two of them by Mark Vishik (together with VY Skvortsov))
  • (with VV Chepyzhov): Attractors for Equations of Mathematical Physics (Colloquium Publications 49 (AMS)), 2002

literature

  • Mark Iosifovich Vishik (on his sixtieth birthday), MS Agranovich et al., Russian Mathematical Surveys 37 (4), 1982
  • Mark Iosifovich Vishik (on his seventy-fifth birthday), MS Agranovich et al., Russian Mathematical Surveys 52 , 1997, online
  • Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 10 , Volume 1/2, 2004 (Partial Differential Equations and Applications, A special volume in honor of Mark Vishik's 80th birthday), therein Roger Temam : Mark Vishik and his work , online
  • WB Demidowitsch: Interview June 2007 (PDF file; 955 kB), pp. 68–93
  • (Editor MS Agranovich, MA Shubin): Partial Differential Equations: Mark Vishik's Seminar, AMS Translations Series 2, Volume 206, 2002.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mark Vishik is the usual spelling in English and German-speaking countries. Since the name is not originally Cyrillic, no transcription should be made from Cyrillic.
  2. ↑ See interview, p. 70.
  3. ↑ See report by Roger Temam.
  4. ↑ See the anniversary volume published by MS Agranovich and MA Shubin.
  5. ↑ See his speech The sources of my work at the award of the honorary doctorate in Berlin.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Vishik, Mark
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Вишик, Марко Иосифович (Russian); Wischik, Marko Iossifowitsch; Vishik, Marko
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH October 19, 1921
PLACE OF BIRTH Lwów
DATE OF DEATH June 23, 2012
Place of death Moscow