Martin Hahn (doctor)

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Martin Hahn
Honorary grave at Wannsee cemetery , in Berlin-Zehlendorf

Martin Hahn (born April 17, 1865 in Berlin ; † November 4, 1934 there ) was a German microbiologist and hygienist . From 1922 to 1933 he was head of the Berlin Hygiene Institute.

Life

Martin John Hahn grew up as the fourth son of Albert Hahn (1824–1898) and Therese born Rosenthal (1832–1912). His father came from a Jewish merchant family, initially only ran a small grocery store and built up a large company with a tubular roller mill and synthetic wool trade at home and abroad (Russia). His sister Martha was married to the neurologist Ernst Julius Remak (1849–1911), his sister Gertrud to the mathematician Kurt Hensel (1861–1941), his brother Oskar, who continued the family business, was the father of the pedagogue Kurt Hahn (1886–1941). 1974).

Hahn, professing the Evangelical Lutheran faith , studied from 1884 in Berlin, Freiburg, Heidelberg and Munich. He began his career in 1889 with Robert Koch at the Berlin Hygiene Institute. He completed further training with Ernst Leopold Salkowski (1844–1923) at the Pathological Institute in Berlin, with Marcel Nencki in St. Petersburg, Max von Pettenkofer , Hans Buchner and Max von Gruber in Munich. In 1922 he took over the full professorship at the Hygiene Institute in Berlin. Due to the enactment of the Professional Civil Service Act of April 11, 1933 and a defamation of a non-Jewish employee named Heide, Hahn (like his colleague Julius Hirsch, who had emigrated to Turkey ) was dismissed from his office and submitted his early retirement on April 20, 1933 .

He was unmarried and was buried in the Lindenstrasse cemetery in Wannsee . His grave has been dedicated to the city of Berlin as an honor grave since 1984 .

Scientific work

Hahn's main areas of work were research into microbiological processes in cells and immunological processes in infectious diseases, e.g. B. Luesconnata , cholera , tuberculosis and typhus . He developed a method for the extraction of cellulose from the cytoplasm of a cell and provided knowledge on the application of this method in yeast cells ("cell-free fermentation"), in cells of higher plants up to the detection of a proteolytic enzyme in the yeast press juice. In terms of social hygiene, he developed solutions in the field of water and air hygiene, disinfection and sterilization (Hahn's method of sterilization for sutures).

  • Hahn worked as an author on two textbooks:
    • E. Friedberger, R. Pfeiffer: Textbook of microbiology. With special consideration of epidemic doctrine . Fischer-Verlag Jena 1919,
    • Wilhelm Kolle (ed.): Handbook of pathogenic microorganisms , chapter: Natural immunity . Fischer-Verlag, Jena 1931

Appreciations

Hahn was chairman of the medical examination commission of the university senate, extraordinary member of the scientific senate for military medical services, member of the senate of the Kaiser Wilhelm Academy for military medical education and a member of the Berlin Medical Society . For his work as a war volunteer in Russia during World War I , he received the Iron Cross, first and second class. In 1924 the title as " Privy Council " appears for the first time .

literature

  • Elke Schulz: life and work of the hygienist Martin Hahn (1865-1934) . Dissertation from the Institute for General and Communal Hygiene of the Medical Academy Erfurt , Erfurt 1985
  • Secret State Archives Berlin-Dahlem: Rep. 76 Va, Sect. 1, Tit. X, No. 17, Vol. IV, The Institutes of Hygiene at the Universities 1928–1934, Sheet 183, letter from the State Criminal Police Office of March 20, 1933 to the Prussian Minister for Science, Art and Education
  • E. Neumann-Redlin von Meding: Martin Hahn, head of the Berlin Hygiene Institute from 1922–1933 . In: Berlin Medical , Vol. 5, No. 4 (2008) pp. 36-37.
  • Martin Hahn. In: Karin Orth: Expulsion from the science system. Commemorative book for the committee members of the DFG expelled under National Socialism, Stuttgart: Steiner 2018 (Contributions to the History of the German Research Foundation; 7), pp. 161–168. ISBN 978-3-515-11953-5

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lit .: Secret State Archives
  2. ↑ Ali Vicdani Doyum: Alfred Kantorowicz with special reference to his work in İstanbul (A contribution to the history of modern dentistry). Medical dissertation, Würzburg 1985, pp. 84-89, here: p. 86.
personal data
SURNAME Hahn, Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German microbiologist and hygienist
DATE OF BIRTH April 17, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH November 4, 1934
Place of death Berlin