Maxim Maximowitsch Schtrauch

Grave of Maxim Schtrauch in the Novodevichy Cemetery

Maksim Shtraukh ( Russian Максим Максимович Штраух * February 11 ^{. Jul} / 23. February 1900 ^greg. In Moscow , † 3. January 1974 ) was a Soviet theater and film actor.

Life

Schtrauch, the son of a doctor, was fascinated by the theater as a child. At the age of eight he met Sergei Eisenstein , two years his senior ; the two remained close friends until Eisenstein's death. After the October Revolution , Schtrauch volunteered for the Red Army in 1918 and served there for three years. From 1921 he played in Moscow at the First Working Theater of the Proletkult ( Первый рабочий театр Пролеткульта ) and experimented there with the directors Valentin Smyschljajew (1891-1936) and Eisenstein with new forms of avant-garde theater. Soon Schtrauch was also in the silent film operates again as a close collaborator of Eisenstein: In strike he played in 1925 his first film role in Battleship Potemkin (1926), October (1927) and The General Line (1929) he was Eisenstein's assistant director. In 1927 he also assisted Mikhail Kapchinsky in his Кафе Фанкони .

From 1929 to 1931 Schtrauch played at the Vsevolod-Meyerhold-Theater under the direction of Meyerhold , after which he was part of the Theater der Revolution ( Театр Революции ) ensemble from 1932 to 1950 , of which he was artistic director from 1938 to 1942. From 1950 to 1957 Schtrauch played at the traditional Maly Theater , and in 1958 he returned to the Theater of the Revolution , which was now called the Mayakovsky Theater . There he also worked as a director.

In addition to his theater work, he was still present in the Soviet cinema. His depictions of Lenin became particularly popular . Schtrauch first embodied the revolutionary leader in Sergei Jutkewitsch's The Man with the Rifle in 1938 and then in five other films, including Jutkewitsch's Tales of Lenin (1957) and Lenin in Poland (1966).

Schtrauch received the Stalin Prize three times (in 1949 and 1951 for his theater work, in 1951 for his film role in Заговор обречённых ) and in 1959 the Lenin Prize (for stories about Lenin ) and was honored in 1965 with the title of People's Artist of the USSR .

Filmography

1925: Strike ( Стачка ) - directed by Sergei Eisenstein
1929: The General Line ( Старое и новое / Генеральная линия ) - Director: Sergei Eisenstein

1930: People Arsenal ( Привидение, которое не возвращается ) - Director: Abram Room

1930/31: Государственный чиновник - Director: Iwan Pyrjew

1932: Для вас найдется работа - Director: Ilja Trauberg

1933: The Deserter ( Дезертир ) - directed by Vsevolod Pudovkin

1934: Четыре визита Самуэля Вульфа - Director: Alexander Stolper

1934/35: Строгий юноша - Director: Abram Room

1934/35: Живой бог - directed by Michail Werner and Dmitri Wassiljew

1938: Doctor Aibolit ( Доктор Айболит ) - Director: Vladimir Nemoljajew

1938: The Man with the Gun ( Человек с ружьем ) - Director: Sergei Jutkewitsch

1938/39: The Vyborg Page / On the Vyborg Page ( Выборгская сторона ) - directed by Grigori Kosinzew and Leonid Trauberg

1940: The First President ( Яков Свердлов ) - Director: Sergei Jutkewitsch

1942: Боевой киносборник № 11 - directed by Ilja Trauberg and others

1942: Suche Bator / He was called Suche-Bator ( Его зовут Сухэ-Батор ) - directed by Iossif Cheific and Alexander Sarchi

1942/43: Юный Фриц - directed by Grigori Kosinzew and Leonid Trauberg

1943: Два бойца - Director: Leonid Lukow

1946: The Oath ( Клятва ) - directed by Micheil Tschiaureli

1947: Love wins ( Старинный водевиль ) - directed by Igor Savchenko

1948/49: Court of Honor ( Суд чести ) - directed by Abram Room

1949/50: The Battle of Stalingrad ( Сталинградская битва ) - Director: Vladimir Petrov (2 parts)

1949/50: The Fall of Berlin ( Падение Берлина ) - Director: Micheil Tschiaureli (2 parts)

1950: Заговор обречённых - Director: Michail Kalatosow

1956: File 306 ( Дело № 306 ) - directed by Anatoly Rybakov

1956: Убийство на улице Данте - Director: Michail Romm

1957: Leningrad Symphony ( Ленинградская симфония ) - directed by Sachar Agranenko

1957/58: Stories about Lenin ( Рассказы о Ленине ) - Director: Sergei Jutkewitsch

1966: Lenin in Poland ( Ленин в Польше ) - Director: Sergei Jutkewitsch

Web links

Maksim Shtraukh in the Internet Movie Database (English)
Short biography and photo (Russian)
Schtrauch in the Lenin Actors Gallery (Russian)
Article by Yevgeny Margolit on how Lenin is represented in Soviet cinema (Russian)

Individual evidence

↑ However, unlike the Stalin actor Micheil Gelowani , Schtrauch was never completely committed to the role of the “official” Lenin actor. For one thing, he always played other roles; on the other hand, Lenin was played by other actors again and again during Schtrauch's active time in Soviet cinema, for example (in chronological order) by Boris Shchukin (1894–1939), Pawel Moltschanow (1902–1977), Mikhail Kondratjew (1905–1984), Boris Smirnow (1908–1982), Vladimir Tschestnokow (1904–1968), Michail Kuznetsov (1918–1986) and Yuri Kajurow (* 1927).

personal data
SURNAME	Schtrauch, Maxim Maximowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Штраух, Максим Максимович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Soviet theater and film actor
DATE OF BIRTH	February 23, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH	Moscow
DATE OF DEATH	3rd January 1974
Place of death	Moscow

[1] However, unlike the Stalin actor Micheil Gelowani , Schtrauch was never completely committed to the role of the “official” Lenin actor. For one thing, he always played other roles; on the other hand, Lenin was played by other actors again and again during Schtrauch's active time in Soviet cinema, for example (in chronological order) by Boris Shchukin (1894–1939), Pawel Moltschanow (1902–1977), Mikhail Kondratjew (1905–1984), Boris Smirnow (1908–1982), Vladimir Tschestnokow (1904–1968), Michail Kuznetsov (1918–1986) and Yuri Kajurow (* 1927).