Somali lake

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Somali Sea
international: Somali Badda Soomaaliyeed
Seselwa La lanmer Somali
Arabic بحر الصومال
Art Randmeer
location Horn of Africa
Data
Horn of africa.jpg
Somali Sea, between the Somali coast and the Seychelles

Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 11 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E

The Somali Sea ( Somali Badda Soomaaliyeed , Arabic بحر الصومال, Seselwa La lanmer Somali ) is a north-western marginal sea of the Indian Ocean between the east coast of Somalia and the Seychelles . The coastline stretches along the coast of Somalia with the regional countries (states) Galmudug , Hirshabelle (Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabeele ee Soomaaliya (Somali) ولاية هيرشابيل الصومال Wilāyat hirshabeele AS sumal (Arabic)) Interim South West Administration , Jubaland , parts of Puntland , as well as in the east along the Seychelles Islands.

geography

The Somali Sea borders the Somali coast to the west, is bounded to the north by the Guardafui Channel , which extends along the imaginary line of Ras Hafun parallel to latitude, and ends to the east at the edge of the Somali Plate , or along longitude 55th 28′E near Mahé , La Digue and Curieuse from the Seychelles. In the south, Somalia's border forms an equidistant maritime border.

Islands

There are numerous islands in this marine area:

Surname

Historically, the marine area was referred to as the Azania Sea or assigned to the Erythrean Sea . The southern regions on the Mozambique Strait also used to be Arabic as Lake Zanj  بحر زنج designated.

history

Zandsch lake

The Sea of Zanj (also: Zanj Lake , en: Sea of Zanj , Arabic بحر زنج, Bahr Zanj) is an old name for the area of ​​the western Indian Ocean following the coastal region of the African Great Lakes . medieval Arab geographers referred to this country as " Zanj ". The name appears in the travel reports of Al Masudi and Ibn Batuta .

The Zanj Sea was considered to be dangerous and there were numerous legends about its dangers, especially in the far south. Geographically, however, the area was only vaguely described and encompassed wide sea regions, which the ancient seafarers reached with their dhows . The monsoon in particular was an important feature of the marine area that joined the Erythrean Sea to the south and extended along the coast of Southeast Africa to the Mozambique Strait and the Comoros archipelago and the waters off the east coast of Madagascar , as well as the Seychelles and included the waters northwest of the Mascarene Mountains.

present

The 2000s and 2010s were turbulent times for the fishermen who live along the coast of the Somali Sea. Illegal fishing caused damage by foreign fishing vessels valued at up to $ 300 million. according to a report from the United Nations . With the help of the coastal patrols of Somali admiral Farah Omar Ahmed between 2012 and 2014, the al-Shabaab militias were driven out of the Jubaland region. Admiral Ufurow , a commander in the Somali Navy (Ciidamada Badda Soomaaliyeed, القوات البحرية الصومالية) has been tasked with tracking down the dumping of toxic waste and illegal fishing in Somali waters. The following commander, Olujog (since 2018), has been tasked with stopping al-Shabaab's trade and interrupting their trade routes.

Since the 2010s, there have been increasing reports of power struggles over access to the ports of Somalia between the Arab Gulf states such as the United Arab Emirates and Qatar . Due to the high cost of insurance against piracy , the freight costs for merchant and cargo ships in the waters of the Somali Sea are among the highest freight costs in the world. In 2014, Somalia sued the government of Kenya for border violations related to illegal oil drilling activities in Somalia's exclusive economic zone . The following year, Mogadishu took the case to the International Court of Justice .

Somali lake at the bottom
Milky sea effect off the coast of Somalia in the Somali Sea.

ecology

The central region of the Somali Sea shows a widely visible phenomenon of sea ​​lights in a strip about 250 kilometers long. Large marine regions shine bright enough that this phenomenon can be documented by satellites at night. Scientists attribute the phenomenon to the presence of bioluminescent bacteria or dinoflagellates , which make the sea shine uniformly in a light blue shimmer.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rob McLaughlin: The Continuing Conundrum of the Somali Territorial Sea and Exclusive Economic Zone. In: The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law. 30.2 (2015): pp. 305–334.
  2. ↑ Abwaan Sacad Axmed Xasan-roodhiile: Tooyasho Iyo Toogobeel. In: Bildhaan: An International Journal of Somali Studies. 15.1 (2016): p. 6.
  3. ↑ Lawrence P. Kirwan: Rhapta, metropolis of Azania. In: AZANIA: Journal of the British Institute in Eastern Africa. 21.1 (1986): pp. 99-104.
  4. ^ Neville Chittick: Mediaeval Mogadishu. In: Paideuma (1982): pp. 45-62.
  5. ↑ دانشنامه جهان اسلام ، بنیاد دائرة المعارف اسلامی ، برگرفته از مقاله «بحرالزنج» ، شماره ۵۴۲ Article in Islamic World Encyclopedia
  6. ↑ a b c al-Masʿūdī , Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems , vol. 1, p. 234
  7. ↑ Ibn Battuta , The Travels of Ibn Battuta.
  8. ↑ http://www.geeskaafrika.com/27911/the-impact-of-somali-fishermen-on-indian-ocean-rim/
  9. ^ Qasim Hersi Farah: The Stability / Sustainability Dynamics: The Case of Marine Environmental Management in Somalia. 2016.
  10. ↑ https://neptunep2pgroup.com/somalia-somali-navy-vows-to-eradicate-illegal-fishing-commander/
  11. ↑ Elizabeth Nyman: Techno-optimism and ocean governance: New trends in maritime monitoring. Marine Policy 99, 2019: pp. 30–33.
  12. ↑ Abigail Kabandula, Timothy M. Shaw: Security and Development in the Horn of Africa: Emerging Powers, and Competing Regionalisms. 2018.
  13. ↑ bbc.co.uk .
  14. ↑ David Lapota & al .: Observations and measurements of planktonic bioluminescence in and around a milky sea. Naval Ocean Systems Center San Diego, CA, 1988.

literature

  • Federico Carbone, Giovanni Accordi: The Indian Ocean Coast of Somalia. In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. Vol. 41, 1-6, 2000: pp. 141-159. [1] sciencedirect.com. Retrieved August 3, 2020

Web links

  • Deutsche Welle : Kenya or Somalia: Who owns the sea and what lies beneath? dw.com. Retrieved August 3, 2020
  • unenvironment.org : Somalia: The Richness of Somalia's Marine and Coastal Resources. Retrieved August 3, 2020