Meletius Smotriscius

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Meletius Smotritski

Meletius Smotrycki (also Smotrizki , Smotriski ., And the like, in Latin. Meletius Smotriscius ; secular name Maxim , pseudonym Theophilus Ortolog * to 1577 ; † 17 . Jul / 27. December  1633 greg. , Derman, Volyn , Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania ) was a Ruthenian scholar, philologist, writer and theologian. He was nominal Orthodox Archbishop of Połock (1622-1628).

Life

His father was the well-known scholar Gerasim Smotrizki, the first rector of the Ostrog Academy , who was also involved in the translation of the Ostrog Bible , the first printed Church Slavonic Bible from 1581. He first learned from his father in the academy and after his death Konstantin Ostrogski sent him to the Jesuit academy in Vilnius . He then studied at Protestant universities in Leipzig , Wittenberg and Nuremberg and possibly obtained a doctor of medicine there.

Smotritsky initially returned to Minsk . He then went to Vilnius around 1608, where he published several polemical writings against the United Church in Poland-Lithuania. 1610 the sale of these fonts by King Sigismund III. prohibited.

Around 1615/1616 he became one of the first rectors of the new school of the Orthodox Brotherhood in Kiev, where he taught Church Slavonic and Latin.

1620 he was from Patriarch Theophan III. asked to take over the post of Orthodox Archbishop of Połock, Vitebsk and Mstistisław . This function had not been occupied for twenty years and could not actually be exercised because the king had forbidden the existence of Orthodox eparchies after the Union of Brest . At the end of 1620 Meletius became Archimandrite of the Holy Spirit Monastery in Kiev.

In 1627 he joined the United Church.

Fonts

In 1616 a translation of a doctrinal gospel into Ruthenian was published .

His most famous work is his Church Slavonic grammar (Грамматіки славєнския правилноє Сvнтаґма, Vievis 1619), in which the Neukirchen Slavic (or Meletisch Church Slavonic was) codified, which is common in the Church Slavonic liturgy today. This grammar had an enormous influence on the Church Slavonic writing tradition and experienced several new editions.

literature

  • Meletij Smotryckyj: Hrammatiki Slavenskija Pravilnoe Syntagma. Jevje 1619. Church Slavonic grammar. Edited and introduced by Olexa Horbatsch. Sagner, Frankfurt am Main 1974 ( Specimina philologiae Slavicae 4, ISSN  0170-1320 ).
  • David A. Frick: Meletij Smotryc'kyj. Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA 1995, ISBN 0-916458-55-5 ( Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies ).
  • Stefan M. Pugh: Testament to Ruthenian. A linguistic analysis of the Smotryc'kyj variant. Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA 1996, ISBN 0-916458-75-X ( Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Meletij Smotryzkyj Encyclopedia of the Ukrainian Language (Ukrainian), accessed on January 17, 2015
personal data
SURNAME Smotriscius, Meletius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Смотрицький, Мелетій (Ukrainian); Сматрыцкі, Мялецій (Belarusian); Смотрицкий, Мелетий (Russian); Herasymowytsch, Maksym (secular name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ruthenian scholar, philologist, writer and theologian
DATE OF BIRTH around 1577
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1633