Fever Clover Family

Fever Clover Family
	Fever clover ( Menyanthes trifoliata ), illustration
Systematics
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
	Asterids
	Euasterids II
Order :	Astern-like (Asterales)
Family :	Fever Clover Family
Scientific name
	Menyanthaceae
	Dumort.

The feverish clover family (Menyanthaceae) are a family of plants in the order of the aster-like (Asterales). The six genera with 60 to 70 species are distributed worldwide. In Central Europe there is the three-leaved fever clover ( Menyanthes trifoliata ), also called three-leaved bitter clover, and the European sea jug ( Nymphoides peltata ).

description

They are herbaceous water or marsh plants. The stalked leaves are alternate, arranged spirally on the stem, or basal. They are simple or compound. The leaf margins are smooth. Stipules are missing.

The flowers stand alone or in cephalic, zymose, paniculate or racemose inflorescences ( inflorescence ). The hermaphroditic flowers are usually five-fold and mostly radial symmetry . The two bract circles are clearly different. The five sepals are fused. The five petals are fused. There are one or two circles with five free stamens each , but only five of them are fertile . Two carpels are a single chamber, upper permanent (or partially continuous) ovary grown. There is a stylus and two scars. There are cap fruits or berries formed.

Systematics

The Menyanthaceae family was established by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier .

There are six genera in the Menyanthaceae family with 60 to 70 species:

Liparophyllum Hook. f. : The seven or so species occur only in the southern hemisphere. Including:
- Liparophyllum exiguum (F. Muell.) Tippery & Les : It occurs in Tasmania.
Fever clover ( Menyanthes L. ): It is a monotypic genus with the only species:
- Three-leaved fever clover , also called three-leaved bitter clover, ( Menyanthes trifoliata L. ): It has a wide distribution in the Holarctic .
Nephrophyllidium Gilg (Syn .: Fauria Franch. ): It contains only one species:
- Nephrophyllidium crista-galli (Menzies ex Hook.) Gilg : It has a disjoint area in northern East Asia and on the Pacific coast of northwestern North America.
Sea churns ( Nymphoides Ség. , Syn .: Limnanthemum S.G.Gmel. ): 40 to 48 species thrive from the temperate to the tropical areas worldwide. There are eight types in China.
Ornduffia Tippery & Les (Their species used to belong to Villarsia Vent. ): It was re-established in 2009. The seven or so species occur in Australia. Including:
- Ornduffia calthifolia (F. Muell.) Tippery & Les : It occurs in Western Australia .
Villarsia Vent. : The three or so species occur in South Africa.

photos

Ezannos sea jug ( Nymphoides ezannoi ):

Indian water jug ( Nymphoides indica ):

swell

Menyanthaceae Dumortier, nom. cons. on the Angiosperm Phylogeny website (sections systematics and description)
L. Watson and MJ Dallwitz: The Families of Flowering Plants: Menyanthaceae Dum. 14th version, 2000 (section description)
Ting-nung Ho and Robert Ornduff: Menyanthaceae (Dumortier) Dumortier. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 16: Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1995, ISBN 0-915279-33-9 , pp. 140–142 (sections description and systematics)
Nicholas P. Tippery and Donald H. Les: A New Genus and New Combinations in Australian Villarsia (Menyanthaceae). In: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. Vol. 19, Issue 3, 2009, pp. 404-411, doi : 10.3417 / 2007181 , full text .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Menyanthaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ting-nung Ho and Robert Ornduff: Menyanthaceae (Dumortier) Dumortier. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 16: Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1995, ISBN 0-915279-33-9 , p. 140.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Nicholas P. Tippery and Donald H. Les: A New Genus and New Combinations in Australian Villarsia (Menyanthaceae). In: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. Vol. 19, Issue 3, 2009, pp. 404-411, doi : 10.3417 / 2007181 , full text .

Web links

Commons : Fever Clover Family (Menyanthaceae) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[GRIN-1] Menyanthaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 15, 2018.

[FoC-2] Ting-nung Ho and Robert Ornduff: Menyanthaceae (Dumortier) Dumortier. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 16: Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1995, ISBN 0-915279-33-9 , p. 140.

[Tippery2009-3] Nicholas P. Tippery and Donald H. Les: A New Genus and New Combinations in Australian Villarsia (Menyanthaceae). In: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. Vol. 19, Issue 3, 2009, pp. 404-411, doi : 10.3417 / 2007181 , full text .