Metam sodium

Structural formula
General
Surname	Metam sodium
other names	Sodium N -methyldithiocarbamate; Metham; Vapam;
Molecular formula	C 2 H 4 NNaS 2
Brief description	white solid
External identifiers / databases
ECHA InfoCard	100.004.812
PubChem	5366415
Wikidata	Q412432
properties
Molar mass	129.18 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	110 ° C (decomposition)
solubility	easily in water (722 g l −1 at 20 ° C); Slightly soluble in acetone, ethanol, kerosene, xylene and practically insoluble in most other organic solvents;
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 302-311-332-314-317-410
	EUH: 031
	P: 273-280-305 + 351 + 338-310-501
Toxicological data	450 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ; 800 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rabbit , transdermal ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Metam-sodium is an active ingredient for plant protection and a chemical compound from the group of sodium salts and dithiocarbamates .

Extraction and presentation

Metam-sodium can be obtained by reacting methylamine with carbon disulfide and sodium hydroxide or by reacting methyl isothiocyanate and sodium disulfide . Metam-sodium can also be obtained from bis (2-chloroethyl) ether .

properties

Metam sodium is a white solid that is soluble in water.

use

Estimated US application rate in 2011

Metam sodium is an insecticide , herbicide , fungicide and nematicide that was developed in the 1950s and is widely used . In the US in 2002, 55 million pounds (25,000 t) were used primarily on potatoes. The effect is based on the rapid decomposition to methyl isothiocyanate , which reacts with certain amino acids .

In the European Union, on the basis of data that was not provided, it was decided in 2009 that Metam would no longer be listed as an approved active ingredient in plant protection products. In 2010, a manufacturer submitted a new application for approval and submitted the missing studies. In 2012, the Commission decided to approve Metam as an active ingredient in the EU. In Germany, Austria and Switzerland no pesticides with this active ingredient are approved.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Entry on Metam-Sodium in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on July 23, 2016(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Entry on SODIUM METHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank , accessed July 29, 2012.
↑ Entry on Metam-sodium in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
^ Datasheet Metam sodium from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on October 17, 2016 ( PDF ).
↑ Health Canada: Entry on Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether ( Memento from June 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
^ Pesticide: Metam-Sodium
↑ Decision of the Council of July 13, 2009 on the non-inclusion of Metam in Annex I of Directive 91/414 / EEC and the revocation of the authorizations for plant protection products with this active substance (PDF) .
↑ Directorate-General for Health and Consumer Protection : Review report for the active substance metam. , March 9, 2012.
↑ General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Metam (incl. -Potassium and -sodium) in the EU pesticide database ; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on March 14, 2016.

[GESTIS-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Entry on Metam-Sodium in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on July 23, 2016(JavaScript required) .

[hsdb-2] Entry on SODIUM METHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank , accessed July 29, 2012.

[CLP_100.004.812-3] Entry on Metam-sodium in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[Sigma-4] Datasheet Metam sodium from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on October 17, 2016 ( PDF ).

[5] Health Canada: Entry on Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether ( Memento from June 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive )

[6] Pesticide: Metam-Sodium

[7] Decision of the Council of July 13, 2009 on the non-inclusion of Metam in Annex I of Directive 91/414 / EEC and the revocation of the authorizations for plant protection products with this active substance (PDF) .

[8] Directorate-General for Health and Consumer Protection : Review report for the active substance metam. , March 9, 2012.

[PSM-9] General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Metam (incl. -Potassium and -sodium) in the EU pesticide database ; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on March 14, 2016.